辽东硼矿床中电气石的矿物学特征及成因意义

辽东硼矿床产于早元古代的一套变质岩内，硼矿体赋存于镁质大理岩中。电气石就产在含电气石变（浅）粒岩、电英岩及硼矿体中。电气石的矿物学研究表明：电气石中有Ｍｇ－Ｆｅ和Ｎａ－Ｃａ两个系列；电气石以富镁和钙为特征，ＦｅＯ／（ＦｅＯ＋ＭｇＯ）和Ｎａ２Ｏ／（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋ＣａＯ）比值均小于０．５。不同岩石中的电气石，其矿物学特征明显不同，这些差异反映了它们形成环境的不同，这对成岩成矿有重要的指示意义。经成因分析，电气石是由角闪岩相区域变质作用形成的     

花园沟硼矿床中硼铝镁石的发现及其地质意义

在对辽宁省宽甸县花园沟硼矿床的研究中，发现了硼铝镁石，它与遂安石、袁复礼石、硬石膏等并生，产于硼矿体中．硼铝镁石是一种比较稀少的硼酸盐矿物，为此，对其进行了矿物特征的研究．硼铝镁石为黄色，粒状；晶体形态呈短柱状和权状，类似于橄榄石的晶体形态，弱多色性、Ｎｇ－淡黄、Ｎｐ－近于无色；折射率Ｎｇ＝１．７０７６，Ｎｐ＝１．６７０８，Ｎｍ＝１．６９６２；－２Ｖ＝５４°，Ｈ＝６－７，ＶＨＮ１００＝１２１５ｋｇ／ｍｍ２；Ｄ测＝３．５０．化学成分除Ａｌ和Ｍｇ外，其次是Ｆｅ２＋和Ｆｅ３＋，且Ｆｅ２＋＞Ｆｅ３＋晶体化学式为：晶体结构属斜方晶系，空间群ｐｎｍａ，ａ＝９．８９３（６）Ａ，ｂ＝５．０７６（４）Ａ，ｃ＝４．３３５（３）Ａ，Ｚ＝４．成因分析表明，硼铝镁石富Ａｌ、Ｍｇ、Ｂ，经角闪岩相区域变质作用形成．     

翁泉沟硼矿物相分析方法研究

对翁泉沟硼矿采集的4个矿石样品进行测试,分析得出其主要成分由硼镁石Mg₂[B₂O₄（OH）]（OH）和硼镁铁矿（Mg,Fe）₂Fe（BO₃）O₂组成.本物相分析方法通过对样品进行湿法磁选、酸溶方法测定硼镁铁矿中的硼元素.磁选后残渣经酸溶测定硼镁石中硼元素,结果显示其组分与实际地质成矿组分相吻合.实验证明本测试方法对硼矿石物相及硼矿物在自然界中的赋存状态测定分析快速、准确,为当前的硼矿石研究提供了新的思路,能够满足测试要求.     

一种硼酸盐的新矿物─—袁复礼石

袁复礼石是一种Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ￣（３＋）、Ａｌ和Ｔｉ的硼酸盐新矿物，发现于辽宁省宽甸县砖庙硼矿区。该矿物黑色，近不透明，金刚光泽一半金属光泽。反射色亮灰，内反射深红褐色。非均质性弱，偏光色红褐。晶体呈细柱状，０．１×０．２×１ｍｍ。晶体化学式为：空间群：Ｈ＝５－６，ＶＨＮ＿（５０）＝８４３ｋｇ／ｍｍ￣２。｛１００｝解理完全。红外光谱吸收谱带为：１３８７，１２１０，１０２４，９５１，７３３，６００，５１０和４０８ｃｍ￣（－１）。穆斯堡尔谱证明，以三价铁为主，二价铁较少。Ｆｅ￣（３＋）占据Ｍ（１）晶位，Ｆｅ￣（２＋）占据Ｍ（１）和Ｍ（２）晶位。袁复礼石为硼钛镁石的富Ｆｅ￣（３＋）类似物。     

辽东翁泉沟硼镁铁矿矿床海相蒸发成因：来自稳定同位素地球化学证据

翁泉沟硼镁铁矿矿床呈层状赋存于南辽河群里尔裕组火山_沉积地层下部的钙镁硅酸盐岩中,是一个大型含铀硼镁铁矿矿床。文章运用LA_MC_ICP_MS硼同位素微区原位测试技术和MC_ICP_MS酸溶法硼同位素测试技术,获得硼镁铁矿矿石中δ11B值为6.9‰~8.2‰;硼镁石δ11B值为7.4‰~7.8‰;变粒岩(上盘)内电气石的δ11B值为4.2‰~4.8‰;蛇纹石化碳酸盐岩中的δ11B值为7.6‰~9.4‰。镁铁矿矿石内磁黄铁矿的δ34SV_CDT值为12.3‰~13.2‰,矿体上下层位中的蛇纹石化大理岩δ13CV_PDB值为-4.6‰~1.8‰,矿床外围同层位的大理岩δ13CV_PDB值为-1.2‰~0.1‰。文章结合该矿床内成矿地层中的蛇纹石化镁质大理岩、橄榄玄武岩和硼镁铁矿的共生关系,认为辽东地区硼酸盐矿床中的硼最初来自富硼海水,后经蒸发和变质作用而形成硼酸盐矿床。     

辽宁凤城翁泉沟硼铁矿床磁铁矿的成因研究

辽宁凤城翁泉沟硼铁矿床产于卉元古代辽吉裂谷带,赋存于下辽河群的含硼岩系里尔峪组中。其矿石矿物主要为硼镁铁矿、磁铁矿和硼镁石等：脉石矿物主要为蛇纹石、白云石、金云母等。翁泉沟硼铁矿床中的磁铁矿分为3种类型：变质形成的粗粒磁铁矿（I型）、热液蚀变而成的细粒磁铁矿（Ⅱ型）和网脉状磁铁矿（Ⅲ型）,其中,I型显示均质性,Ⅱ、Ⅲ型显示非均质性。均质性磁铁矿的镁、铝元素含量高于非均质性磁铁矿,硅含量低于非均质性磁铁矿,导致前者硬度高于后者。元素含量差异可能是磁铁矿发生非均质化的原因。研究结果表明,翁泉沟矿床的成矿过程包括了沉积变质和后期热液叠加作用。     

辽宁翁泉沟含铀硼铁矿床矿石特征及热液分解作用

辽宁翁泉沟含铀硼铁矿中硼（B2O3）储量约占我国总储量的一半,矿床经勘探后一直没有得到很好利用。在综合利用资料积累与地质研究基础上,认为影响矿床利用的因素主要为矿石分解状况。研究认为矿床中硼镁铁矿-磁铁矿和硼镁石-磁铁矿两种主要类型矿石中绝大部分可利用的为变质后期热液作用产生的硼镁石-磁铁矿型矿石。这种热液作用形成的矿石是有规律可寻的。为达到综合利用的目的,有必要按不同类型矿石重新圈定矿体,根据不同矿体中矿物组分,选择不同的综合利用方案。     

东秦岭泥盆纪山阳—柞水成矿区电气石矿物化学和硼同位素组成

东秦岭泥盆纪山阳－柞水成矿区内众多层控贱金属硫化物矿床含矿层中含有相当比例的电气石，这些电气石属于黑气石－镁电气石类质同象系列，一般Ｍｇ〉Ｆｅ，Ｎａ〉Ｃａ（阳离子比较），明显的成分环带记录了主成矿期的海底（喷气）热液沉积成矿方式和随后的区域变质及热液叠加过程，在主成矿期形成的电气石的化学成分［ＦｅＯ／（ＦｅＯ＋ＭｇＯ）＝－０．３４－０．３９］和硼同位素组成（δ＾１１Ｂ＝－７．６‰￣－８．８‰）与海     

络合滴定铁矿中铝的新指示剂

在ＰＨ４．５－６．５条件下，Ｚｎ与３，５－ｄｉＢｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ及ＳＤＳ形成可溶性紫红色络合物，利用此体系以３，５－ｄｉＢｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ为指示剂，锌盐回滴法测定铁矿中的Ａｌ２Ｏ３溶液颜色由亮黄变为紫红，络点突跃敏锐，Ｆｅ＾３＋的黄色不影响终点观察。     

新疆莫托萨拉铁锰矿的物质成分

莫托萨拉铁锰矿中铁矿石的化学成分以Ｆｅ２Ｏ３为主,ω（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）可达７８．７６％,其次为ω（ＳｉＯ２）（１０￣５０％）,ω（ＦｅＯ）含量多〈５％。矿物成分以赤铁矿为主,次为玉髓、磁铁矿、镜铁矿、云母等。微量元素以Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ较高,局部Ｃｕ含量较高。稀土元素含量较低。锰矿石中以ＭｎＯ２为主,ω（ＭｎＯ２）可达６０％左右,其次ω（ＳｉＯ２）（１０￣２０％）和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３;矿物组合分为两种类型;一种以菱锰     

藏南过铝花岗岩中电气石的矿物化学特征及成因意义

讨论了藏南过铝花岗岩中电气石的地质产状、矿物学和矿物化学特征。结果表明:(1)在以氧原子数为24.5计算的化学式中,电气石的(Fe+Mg)/Mg比值在2.32~5.37之间,指示花岗岩和伟晶岩中的电气石均为黑电气石系列,而且属镁电气石—铁电气石系列中的较富铁电气石的成员;(2)电气石的FeO/(FeO+MgO)值高达0.70~0.89,与贫Li花岗岩接近,Al-Al50Fe50-Al50Mg50图解和Fe-Mg-Ca图解投点均位于贫Li花岗岩区,属于贫Li花岗岩有关的电气石;(3)TiO2-MnO/CaO-MgO/FeO三元图解可判定属于第Ⅰ类,即MgO和FeO含量同步消长,且较贫Mg富Fe,而MnO和TiO2含量为异步消长,这与电气石的FeO/(FeO+MgO)值所反映的性质相同;(4)地质产状、矿物学及矿物化学揭示的成因信息表明藏南过铝花岗岩中的电气石为酸性侵入体岩浆期后热液成因。     

Spinel-anthophyllite rocks of the Kokchetav massif (northern Kazakhstan)

Spinel-anthophyllite rocks that may be classified as ultrabasic low-Ca spinel amphibolites have been first discovered in the Kokchetav collision zone (northern Kazakhstan). They outcrop 2 km west of Enbek-Berlyk Village among schists and quartzites and are closely associated with spinel harzburgites and garnet pyroxenites. The main hosted minerals are spinel (hercynite) and anthophyllite. The rocks bear magnetite-hornblende-spinel-anthophyllite pseudomorphs with rounded and polygonal sections, which might have been resulted from the replacement of garnet grains. The prismatic anthophyllite crystals and scarce olivine relics contain elongate parallel spinel inclusions resembling spinel-olivine syntactic intergrowths in the Enbek-Berlyk spinel harzburgites. The spinel-anthophyllite rocks are similar to the associated spinel harzburgites in CaO, MnO, SiO₂, and Al₂O₃ contents but are richer in FeO and poorer in MgO (F = FeO/(FeO + MgO) = 57% against 35% in the harzburgites). Geological, mineralogical, and geochemical data suggest that the spinel-anthophyllite rocks formed during the isochemical contact metamorphism of garnet-bearing spinel harzburgites, which contained more FeO and less MgO than garnet-free harzburgites of the same area. Variations in FeO and MgO contents in both types of harzburgites seem to be due to different chemical compositions of the chlorite protoliths of these rocks.     

电气石的化学特征与相关矿床的关系

电气石是一种含挥发分的硅酸盐矿物，作为副矿物的电气石与其他矿物共生，且含量较少，但在电气石岩中可达60％以上，以前很少被人们重视。近10年来，随着对一些大型锡、钨等矿床的勘探和研究，发现电气石与这些矿床有着密切的关系。分析对比电气石成分中w(FeO)/w(FeO MgO)的比值，把国内几个有关矿床与国外一些典型矿床作比较，再借鉴前人对典型矿床中的电气石进行硼同位素的研究结果，找出不同特征电气石与不同矿床之间的关系。     

A Study of Phase Equilibria in a Metamorphic Iron Formation

The paper is based on a study of minerl assemblages in metamorphiciron formations in northere Quebec. Thirty-four mineral analyseshave been performed, using photometric methods of silicate analysis. Three facies of iron formation are represented, namely, quartz-speculariteiron formation, quartz-magnetite iron formation, and quartz-silicateiron formation. The silicate iron formation is made up mainlyof quartz, ferrohypersthene, ferroaugite, cummingtonite, andcalcite. Arfvedsonite and aegirine-hedenbergite occur in magnetite-richrocks. The analysed coexisting minerals are from the silicate ironformation and from overlying mafic rocks of igneous origin.The analysed assemblages include ferrohypersthene-ferro-augite-cummingtonite,ferrohypersthen-ferroaugite, cummingtonite-ferroaugite, diopside-hornblende,anthophyllite-hornblende, hypersthene-diopside-hornblende-garnet,and olivine-hypersthene-chlorite. The analyses show that (1) the minerals are nearly in equilibriumas shown by parallel tie lines, (2) cummingtonite generallyhas a higher MgO/FeO ratio than coexisting ferrohypersthene,(3) the phase higher in calcium has the higher MgO/FeO ratio,(4) the solubility gap between ferrohypersthene and ferroaugiteis 43 mole percent. The stability relationships of pyroxenes and amphiboles arediscussed in view of the new data. It is shown that FeO-CaO-SiO₂systems often behave differently from MgO-CaO-SiO₂ systems.Hedenbergite is probably not stable in the presence of excessCO₂ in the area. The low variance ferrohypersthene-ferroaugite-cummingtonite-calcite-quartzassemblage indicates that the rocks were closed to H₂O and CO₂.The behaviour of the volatile components is discussed in viewof this fact. The source of the silicate minerals is assumed to be hydrousiron silicates and carbonates. A model of the sequence of chemicalreactions taking place in carbonate-silicate iron formationsduring metamorphism is suggested. ¹Present address: Bolidens Gruvaktiebolag, Boliden, Sweden.     

花岗质岩石新地球化学分类介绍及有关问题评述

Frost等主要依据花岗岩类常量元素分析,考虑铁镁指数,修改的碱钙指数(MALI)和铝饱和指数三个参数,将花岗岩类岩石划分为16个成分组,即16种类型。该分类方案能对岩浆来源和大地构造背景提供信息,基本上保留了以前一些花岗岩分类方案的最佳品质。本文对这个分类方案进行了详细介绍,并对各种花岗岩类分类方案进行了简要评述。     

Complex zoning between super-calcic pigeonite and augite from the Graveyard Point sill, Oregon: a record of the interplay between bulk and interstitial liquid fractionation

The 150 m thick late Miocene Graveyard Point sill (GPS) is situated at the Idaho-Oregon border near the southwestern edge of the western Snake River Plain. It records from bottom to top continuous fractional crystallization of a tholeiitic parent magma (lower chilled border, FeO/(FeO+MgO) = 0.59, Ni = 90 ppm) towards granophyres (late pods and dikes, FeO/(FeO+MgO) = 0.98, 78 wt% SiO₂ 3.5 wt% K₂O, <4 ppm Ni) showing a typical trend of Fe and P enrichment. Fractionating minerals are olivine (Fo₇₉-Fo₂), augite (X _Fe = 0.18−0.95), feldspars (An₈₀Or₁-An₁Or₆₂), Fe-Ti oxides (Ti-rich magnetite and ilmenite), apatite and in two samples super-calcic pigeonite (Wo_18–28 Fs_41–54). The granophyres may bear some quartz. Compositionally zoned minerals record a large interval of the fractionation process in every single sample, but this interval changes with stratigraphic height. In super-calcic pigeonite-bearing samples, olivine is scarce or lacking and because super-calcic pigeonite occurs as characteristic overgrowths on augite, its formation is interpreted to be related to the schematic reaction: augite + olivine (component in melt) + SiO₂ (in melt) = pigeonite, that defines the cotectic between augite and pigeonite in olivine-saturated basaltic systems. Line measurements with the electron microprobe reveal that the transition from augite to super-calcic pigeonite is continuous. However, some crystals show an abrupt “reversal” towards augite after super-calcic pigeonite growth. Two processes compete with each other in the GPS: fractional crystallization of the bulk liquid (the bulk melt separates from solids and interstitial liquids in the solidification front) and fractional crystallization of interstitial melt in the solidification front itself. Interplay between those two processes is proposed to account for the observed variations in mineral chemistry and mineral textures. Received: 25 November 1998 / Accepted: 14 June 1999     

Phase relations in andalusite-sillimanite type Fe-rich metapelites: Tono contact metamorphic aureole, northeast Japan

Mineral assemblages in metapelites of the contact aureole of the Tono granodiorite mass, northeast Japan, change systematically during progressive metamorphism along an isobaric path at 2-3 kbar. The bulk rock compositions of metapelites are aluminous with A' values on an AFM projection larger than that of the chlorite join. The metapelites commonly contain paragonite in the low-grade zone. With increasing temperatures, andalusite is formed by the breakdown of paragonite. The importance of pyrophyllite as a source of Al₂SiO₅ polymorphs is limited in typical pelitic rocks.
The most common type of metapelite in the study area has FeO/(FeO + MgO) = 0.5–0.6, and develops assemblages involving chlorite, andalusite, biotite, cordierite, K-feldspar, sillimanite and almandine, with paragenetic changes similar to other andalusite-sillimanite type aureoles. Rocks with FeO/(FeO + MgO) > 0.8 progressively develop chloritoid-bearing assemblages from Bt-Chl-Cld, And-Bt-Cld, to And-Bt at temperatures between the breakdown of paragonite and the appearance of cordierite in the more common pelitic rocks in the aureole. The paragenetic relations are explained by a KFMASH univariant reaction of Chl + Cld = And + Bt located to the low-temperature side of the formation of cordierite by the terminal equilibrium of chlorite. A P-T model depicting the relative stability of chloritoid and staurolite at low- and medium-pressure conditions, respectively, is proposed, based on the derived location of the Chl + Cld = And + Bt reaction combined with the theoretical phase relations among biotite, chlorite, chloritoid, garnet and staurolite.     

大洪山区钾镁煌斑岩的矿物特征及含矿性探讨

本文分析了大洪山区钾镁煌班岩中的矿物特征,利用造岩矿物和副矿物的电子探针分析结果与西溴含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩中相应矿物进行对比。并用特征副矿物镁铝榴石、铬铁矿的化学成分作Cr_2O_3—CaO图,Cr_2O_3-MgO图,利用Cr/(Cr+Al)的比值参数,判别岩体的含矿性。认为该区钾镁煌斑岩目前虽然尚未发现金刚石,但成矿有利因素较多。     

Prehnite–pumpellyite to greenschist facies transition, Smartville Complex, near Auburn, California

The Smartville Complex is a late Jurassic, rifted volcanic arc in the northern Sierra Nevada, California. Near Auburn, California, it consists of a lower volcanic unit, dominated by basaltic flows, and an upper volcanic unit of andesitic volcaniclastic rocks, both of which have been intruded by dykes and irregular bodies of diabase. These rocks contain relict igneous minerals, and the metamorphic minerals albite, chlorite, quartz, pumpellyite, prehnite, epidote, amphibole, titanite, garnet, biotite, K-feldspar, white mica, calcite, and sulphide and oxide minerals.
Prehnite–pumpellyite (PrP), prehnite–actinolite (PrA), and greenschist (GS) zones have been identified. The pumpellyite-out isograd separates the PrP and PrA zones, and the prehnite-out isograd separates the PrA and GS zones. The minerals Ab + Qtz + Mt + Tn are common to most assemblages in all three zones. The MgO/(MgO + FeO) ratio of the effective bulk composition has an important and systematic effect on the observed mineral assemblages in the PrP zone. Prehnite-bearing assemblages contain the additional minerals, Pmp + Amp + Ep + Chl in MgO-rich rocks, and either Pmp + Ep + Chl or Amp + Ep + Chl in less magnesian rocks. Subcalcic to calcic amphibole is common in the PrP zone. The mineral assemblage Prh + Act + Ep + Chl, without Pmp, characterizes the PrA zone, and the mineral assemblage Act + Ep + Chl, without Prh or Pmp, characterizes the GS zone. The disappearance of pumpellyite and prehnite occurred by continuous reactions.
The sequence of mineral assemblages was produced by burial metamorphism at P–T conditions of 300° 50°C at approximately 2.5 ± 0.5 kbar. During metamorphism, the composition of the fluid phase was nearly 100% H₂O and the oxygen fugacity was between the hematite–magnetite and quartz–fayalite–magnetite buffers.     

阿拉善北部查干础鲁—霍尔森蛇绿混杂岩带地质地球化学特征

查干础鲁—霍尔森蛇绿混杂岩带(CHOM)位于内蒙古阿拉善北部,它代表了一个消失了的边缘海。CHOM整体上北东东向延伸,由一系列向北逆冲推覆的叠瓦状构造岩片组成。可根据变形和产出特征划分出不同类型的构造岩块和基质。超镁铁质岩MgO/(MgO+FeO)平均比值为0.83,可区分成变质橄榄岩和堆积岩。辉长岩属LREE亏损型,地球化学特征相当于堆积辉长岩。玄武岩主元素特征类似于正常的大洋中脊玄武岩(N—MORB),但微量和稀土元素地球化学特征表明更接近于异常的大洋中脊玄武岩(E-MORB)。沉积于弧后盆地的碎屑岩其物质来源主要是火山弧。本文指出,查干础鲁—霍尔森边缘海是在华北古陆北缘西段破裂的背景上形成的,这个边缘海在晚二叠世—三叠纪初闭合。