Induced magnetic field of the equatorial electrojet at the surface of the Earth

Summary. The northward component of the induced magnetic field due to the equatorial electrojet at the Earth's surface is calculated using a more realistic local time variaton of the external field due to the electrojet than is provided for by models of the electrojet currently used in induction calculations. It is seen that appreciable induction effects can be expected about an hour before local noon for the kind of local time variation considered. Our results are in qualitative agreement with direct observations of Earth currents in the equatorial region in Nigeria. At local times when observable induction effects are present, the magnetic field due to the electrojet is necessarily three-dimensional; hence in order to obtain the internal part directly from the observed total field due to the electrojet at the Earth's surface, a three-dimensional formulation is required.     

金字塔沙丘流场的三维数值模拟

对位于敦煌莫高窟顶部鸣沙山东麓的金字塔沙丘流场形态进行数值模拟,分析了多风向条件下沙丘的压力场和速度场变化规律。使用地面立体摄影技术获取沙丘的控制点坐标,建立了与实地沙丘等比例的三维模型,以解决二维建模不能表达3组主风向差异的问题。使用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法,采用非结构网格划分技术以适应沙丘的高度不规则地形,通过剪切压力传输模型（SST）分析计算并与以往风洞试验和数值模拟结果进行对比。模型很好地预测了沙丘底部停滞区、坡上加速区、背风坡回流区以及沙丘表面压力和风速分布等流场信息,反映了多风向条件下沙丘形态与气流的交互作用。流场中速度场的分布与压力分布直接相关。     

脉动风场下风沙流结构的数值模拟

 基于野外观测实验和Langevin方程对风场脉动的描述, 研究了脉动风场下沙粒的跃移运动以及风沙流结构特征。结果表明,脉动风场对沙粒的跃移运动有着显著的影响,沙粒粒径越小,脉动风场对跃移运动轨迹的影响越大;考虑风场脉动时给出的风沙流结构具有明显的分层特征,并与实验测量结果吻合得更好。