光电复合缆绞车牵引系统力学分析

针对深海光电复合缆绞车牵引系统的复合缆和卷筒的设计缺乏理论依据的关键问题,根据光电复合缆的特性和大容量收放的特点,运用微积分和MATLAB仿真的方法对复合缆在双卷筒上的受力进行详细分析,得到牵引卷筒上复合缆力学模型,进而讨论了牵引卷筒上复合缆的张力衰减情况。最后,基于ANSYS软件对复合缆进行有限元分析验证缆绳应力变化。仿真结果证明,所建立的牵引卷筒上缆绳的力学模型符合条件,为大载荷绞车的牵引系统设计提供了理论依据,有一定的工程意义。     

海洋电缆弯曲加强器参数化设计与分析

为建立海洋电缆弯曲加强器参数化设计方法,使用有限元模型进行了弯曲加强器设计参数研究.基于海缆及其弯曲加强器的几何结构及受力特点,建立了基于多相耦合梁单元的平面有限元模型,可以计算并分析海缆及其弯曲加强器在一定角度的张力作用下的形变与等效应力分布.通过多个案例系统性地分析了弯曲加强器的主要设计参数,即根部直径、锥体段长度及材料弹性模量,对海缆弯曲挠度、曲率及等效应力分布的影响.文中原创性地提出了弯曲加强器组合设计参数φ(t,L,E).通过定量分析确定了其与海缆最大曲率之间的近似线性关系,并由此设计了参数化的弯曲加强器设计流程.通过设计实例验证了组合参数与海缆最大曲率之间关系的准确性和参数化设计流程的有效性.     

Research on Analytical Method of Fatigue Characteristics of Soft Yoke Mooring System Based on Full-Scale Measurement

By focusing on the vulnerability of the structure of marine equipments, together with considering the randomness of meta-ocean load in statistics, a kind of analytical method of fatigue characteristics of marine structure based on full-scale and actual measurement of prototype is proposed. On the basis of short-term field measurement results of structural response, research is carried out on the fatigue analysis of hinge joints at the upper part of the Soft Yoke single point Mooring System (SYMS) by simultaneously monitoring the environmental load and considering the design criteria of offshore structure. Through analysis of finite element modeling, the time-histories of typical stress response are obtained, and then the assessment of fatigue damage at key hinge joints is conducted. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can accurately analyze the fatigue damage of offshore engineering structure caused by the effect of wave load. The present analytical method of fatigue characteristics can be extended on other offshore engineering structures subjected to meta-ocean load.     

Parametric study of geometrical effects on the degree of bending (DoB) in offshore tubular K-joints under out-of-plane bending loads

In this paper, results of comprehensive finite element (FE) analyses carried out on 81 generated models of tubular K-joints are presented. Results of FE models were verified against experimental data and parametric equations. The fatigue life of a tubular joint, which is commonly found in offshore industry, is not only dependent on the value of hot-spot stress (HSS), but is also significantly influenced by the through-the-thickness stress distribution characterized by the degree of bending (DoB). Data extracted from FE analyses was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the DoB values in tubular K-joints subjected to two types of out-of-plane bending (OPB) moment loads. The determination of DoB values in a tubular joint is essential for improving the accuracy of fatigue life estimation using the stress-life (S–N) method and particularly for predicting the fatigue crack growth based on the fracture mechanics (FM) approach. Geometrically parametric investigation was followed by a set of nonlinear regression analyses to develop DoB parametric formulas for the fatigue analysis of K-joints under OPB loadings.     

海洋重现期波高统一化计算方法

重现期波高是港口海岸及海洋工程设计中不可回避的一个重要设计参数,尤其对深水海港、海上平台、海底油气管道、沿海核电站等重大涉海工程设计具有巨大的经济价值和深远的社会效益。但是,现有重现期波高推算缺乏统一的计算方法,导致计算结果相差悬殊。研究重现期波高的统一化计算方法,分析重现期波高计算中存在的各种不确定因素,提出减少这些不确定因素的新方法,建立误差小、应用方便、方法统一的重现期波高计算方法。基于澳大利亚悉尼站的长期连续观测波浪数据,研究发现:广义帕累托函数(generalized Pareto distribution III,GPD-III)和威布尔(Weibull)是重现期波高计算的最佳候选极值分布函数,新推导的函数形状参数计算公式较好提高重现期波高的计算精度,极值波高数据的分析方法和样本大小是影响重现期波高计算精确度的两个重要因素,短期波浪资料和年极值法可能高估重现期波高值。逐个风暴的极值波高数据分析法及最佳候选极值分布函数GPD-III和Weibull建议应用于涉海工程设计的重现期波高推算。     

陡波形立管涡激振动疲劳损伤参数敏感性分析

基于柔性杆理论和尾流振子模型计算陡波形立管的涡激振动响应;综合使用S-N曲线法、雨流计数法、Palmgren-Miner线性累积疲劳理论对立管涡激振动导致的疲劳损伤进行计算分析.并以MATLAB为平台编写相应计算程序,将本文计算得到的静力分析结果、固有频率和疲劳损伤分别与专业海工计算软件O rcaFlex和已发表文献进...     

考虑涡激运动下海洋柔性立管的疲劳损伤分析

基于ABAQUS/AQUA模块,当Spar平台发生涡激运动时,对与平台相连接的柔性立管进行时域动态响应分析,得到了不同折合速度下柔性立管的应力响应曲线.对立管触地区域和悬垂段进行了细化的分析,并利用S-N曲线和Miner线性累积损伤理论对平台涡激运动引起的柔性立管疲劳损伤进行了计算.研究结果表明:平台涡激运动对立管触地区域和悬垂段的影响较大,这两部分最容易在长时间的工作中产生疲劳损伤.特别是平台运动到近点时,立管触地区域受到的应力急剧增加,这个区域是立管工作的危险区域,应该特别注意.该研究结论可以作为立管结构设计和海底铺设时的参考,通过增加立管触地区域的结构强度和优化铺设方式,从而来提高立管的疲劳寿命和系统的安全性.     

海底管道整体屈曲的枕木-浮力耦合法研究

不埋海底管道在高温高压作用下,易发生水平向整体屈曲。实际工程中,常通过在管道路由上设置整体屈曲触发装置,实现对水平向整体屈曲的有效控制,其中以枕木法的成功应用最为多见。本文分析了枕木法的主要影响因素并验证了采用枕木法会出现管道屈曲段应力集中的现象,对比了枕木法、分布浮力法和枕木-浮力耦合法对管道整体屈曲变形规律的影响,采用数值模拟方法系统研究了枕木及浮力参数对管道水平向屈曲和后屈曲的影响规律。研究表明,在枕木两侧设置浮力段的人工触发装置可有效触发管道整体屈曲,同时促使管道虚拟锚固点间轴力的释放,降低了管道中屈曲段的应力,相较枕木法,枕木-浮力耦合法可将管道中的最大应力降低23%。     

Material selection for the gas containment system of a compressed natural gas carrier fleet

In this work, the possible exploitation of fiber-reinforced composites in the context of maritime transportation of compressed natural gas (CNG) is investigated. In addition to a more conventional steel configuration, two different fiber materials, carbon and glass, are considered as construction materials for pressure vessels (PVs) to be stored on board ships, with thickness optimized by FEM analysis.The considered scenario is represented by the transportation of CNG from an offshore well to a terminal on shore. Fleets of ships carrying CNG in pressure vessels manufactured with the investigated materials are generated by means of a ship synthesis model (SSM) software and compared on the basis of technical and economical indicators.The choice of the construction material influences considerably the weight of the PVs, which represent a major item of total ship weight and reflects directly on the general transport performances in terms of resistance, seakeeping and reliability in the service. On the other hand, capital as well as operating expenditures are considerably affected by the choice. When exploring the design space, the ship synthesis model is able, at a preliminary stage of the design, to account for the various technical and economical aspects, their implications and relationships. Results are presented of computations carried out in a specific case, identified by the annual gas production and other characteristics of the well terminal and a cruising route for the ships. The comparison is carried out on the basis of the cost per transported unit of gas and of the percentage of success in the transportation process. The computations show that the choice of the PV material has a key influence on the results in terms of optimal number, dimensions and speed of the ships.     

土钉墙支护设计的非线性有限元法

土钉墙支护是1种经济、安全、可靠的基坑支护型式。采用非线性平面应变有限元方法对土钉墙支护设计进行数值模拟。与传统的极限平衡法相比具有显著优越性。该方法将土钉与岩土介质作为1个系统研究,对十钉支护的作用机理、变形、和土钉墙内的受力进行分析,计算开挖最终阶段的变形量。与工程实例的对比检验,证实该方法的合理性。研究结论对土钉墙支护的设计与施工具有较高的应用价值。     

海床式静力触探在黄河口海底土工程特性研究中的应用

海床式静力触探设备工作效率高,能够实现从垂向上对地层的连续探测,数据分辨率较好。通过对黄河口海域3个静力触探孔和1个地质钻孔的分析,将研究区20m以浅地层自上而下划分为粉土、粉质黏土、粉土夹粉砂或粉砂、粉质黏土、粉土五层,静力触探曲线对粉土层中的硬壳层和粉质黏土层中的贝壳夹层等特殊地质现象有很好的反映。对粉质黏土的静力触探参数与物理力学参数进行相关性分析,得到适合该区域的回归方程。采用基于CPT数据的液化判别法,对研究区表层粉土液化可能性进行评判,通过Seed简化法计算的周期应力比(CSR)与Olsen法计算的周期阻力比(CRR)的大小比较,得出当抗震设防烈度为7度时,研究区表层粉土不会液化,当抗震设防烈度为8度时,粉土层将发生液化,计算最大液化深度3.7m。     

“二元”基坑中内支撑支护结构的三维数值分析与监测

排桩与内支撑相结合的基坑支护结构是近几年兴起并迅速发展的1种支护方式。如何通过有效控制其变形使基坑工程安全又经济,是人们不断探索的课题。本文以青岛地区某实际深基坑为研究对象,运用理正深基坑三维协同计算对基坑开挖、支护进行了整体计算。对内支撑的平面布置进行分析,提出了水平桁架式、大直径环撑辐射式、多跨压杆式不同的支撑样式对基坑的整体受力及变形的影响参考值。对本工程内支撑的支撑间距进行分析,提出了合理的支撑间距值。另外,依据有关规定制定了监测方案,对监测结果进行了整理,并与理论计算值进行比对分析,得出一些有价值的结论,可以为类似工程的设计、施工和监测提供一些借鉴。     

自由站立式立管总体运动疲劳分析

由于良好的疲劳特性,自由站立式立管(FSHR)正广泛应用于深海油气田的开发当中。首先根据设计参数建立FSHR详细的有限元模型,然后利用谱分析方法对FSHR进行总体运动疲劳分析,以确定FSHR总体设计参数是否满足运动疲劳要求。最后对工作于相同环境下的钢悬链立管(SCR)进行总体运动疲劳分析,探讨哪种立管系统的疲劳性能更为优良。计算结果表明FSHR系统中刚性主管最大运动疲劳损伤出现在刚性主管顶部,FSHR总体设计参数满足规范要求;FSHR总体运动疲劳寿命要远大于SCR,体现了FSHR系统对浮体运动与刚性主管之间具有良好的解耦作用。     

耐压柱壳参数化设计与灵敏度分析

为提高耐压柱壳设计效率,设计了耐压柱壳参数化分析流程。研究了有限元分析所涉及的材料属性、载荷施加、边界条件设置等内容,确定了采用弧长法分析耐压柱壳稳定性。利用Python语言对于ABAQUS软件进行了二次开发,利用Isight软件实现了ABAQUS的集成,实现了耐压柱壳有限元分析模型的网格自动划分、自动分析计算等。选择样本点进行参数化分析,利用响应面模型对于样本点进行了拟合,得到了具有较高拟合精度、满足工程需要的近似模型,进行了设计变量的灵敏度分析。研究结果表明:参数化分析流程可实现耐压柱壳的自动分析、近似模型及灵敏度分析,可降低耐压柱壳分析难度,均可提高耐压柱壳设计效率。     

Evaluation method for Green jack-up drilling platform design scheme based on improved grey correlation analysis

This paper presents an evaluation method for green jack-up drilling platform(GJDP) design scheme based on the improved grey correlation analysis(IGCA). Under the situation of the low-carbon economy it is important and complicated for jack-up drilling platform design to select the optimum design scheme from the feasible schemes. In this paper, the evaluation index system for GJDP has been proposed which includes 3 factors: advanced technology, economic feasibility and environmental coordination, as well as 13 sub-indices. At the same time, a multi-objective combinatorial optimization model is established by using IGCA, in which the analysis hierarchy process (AHP) is used to obtain the weight values of the indices. The IGCA method is fully considered the connection of the indices reflecting the objective true nature of the things, and the subjective interest of the platform owner and the needs of the designer. This research can not only conduct to green design of jack-up drilling platform, but also can contribute to the development, popularization and application of low-carbon technology on offshore platform. Finally, the case study results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed evaluation method.     

Hydrodynamic shape optimization by high fidelity CFD solver and Gaussian process based response surface method

A computational framework for hydrodynamic shape optimization of complex ship hull form is proposed and applied to improve the calm water performance of the KRISO Container Ship (KCS). The framework relies on three key features: a novel shape morphing method based on a combination of subdivision surfaces and free form deformations, a robust three dimensional viscous computational fluid dynamic solver based on the openFOAM open-source libraries and a Gaussian process-response surface method (GP-RSM) based on ordinary Kriging model which has been created to speed-up the evaluation of the quantity of interest (QoI) of the design process.The accuracy of the hydrodynamic solver is proven by comparing the obtained results against available experimental measurements. A preliminary sensitivity analysis on the mesh size has been carried out aiming at reducing the computational burden required by the CFD predictions. Three GP-RSMs have been trained relying on increasing number of hull designs. Each surrogate model has been cross-validated by both leave-one-out and k-fold techniques. The behaviours of these multi-dimensional surfaces have been analyzed in details by sampling the investigated design space with 10⁷ points according to a Full-Factorial algorithm, highlighting the regions of maximum deviation with respect to the resistance of the reference hull. The three optimum designs provided by the corresponding GP-RSM models have been verified by using high-fidelity CFD simulations with a refined mesh configuration. Calm water resistance, wave patterns and pressure distributions over the selected hull surfaces have been discussed in the light of the generated shape variations.     

深海立管相互碰撞的响应面法研究

针对深海立管在理想环境和外部水环境中发生碰撞的情况,从立管碰撞最大径向位移和应力峰值两方面展开研究,充分利用ABAQUS仿真得到的数据,基于数值模拟和回归分析,提出四因素三水平的立管碰撞响应面分析方法。采用Design-Expert软件的BOX设计,对立管的非线性碰撞过程中的碰撞应力峰值和最大径向位移等两个试验指标进行回归分析并分别建立二次响应面回归模型。通过将响应面分析所得最优化解与有限元计算结果的对比,最终验证了响应面分析方法及所得模型的准确性。     

Formulation of reduction rate for ultimate compressive strength of stiffened panel induced by opening

The main objective of this study is to numerically investigate the characteristics of ultimate compressive strength of stiffened panels with opening and also to fit the design-oriented formulae. For this purpose, three series of well executed experimental data on longitudinally stiffened steel plates with and without opening subjected to the uniform axial in-pane load which is carried out to study the buckling and post-buckling up to the final failure are chosen. Also, a nonlinear finite element method capable of efficiently analyzing the large elasto-plastic deflection behavior of stiffened panels is developed and used for simulation. The feasibility of the present simulation process is confirmed by a good agreement with the experimental results. More case studies are developed employing the simulation process to analyze the influence of various design variables on the reduction rate of ultimate strength of stiffened panel induced by opening. Based on the computed results, two design formulae are fitted and the accuracy of design formulae is studied. Furthermore, the viability of the design formulae for practical engineering is proved.     

Parametric Equation of Stress Concentration Factor for Circular X-Joints Under Axial Loads

In engineering practice,tubular X-joints have been widely used in offshore structures.The fatigue failure of tubular X-joints in offshore engineering is mainly caused by axial tensile stress.In this study,the stress concentration factor distribution along the weld toe in the hot spot stress region for tubular X-joints subject to axial loads have been analyzed by use of finite element method.Through numerical analysis,it has been found that the peak stress concentration factor is located at the saddle position.Thereafter,80 models have been analyzed,and the effect of the geometric parameters of a tubular X-joint on the stress concentration factor has been investigated.Based on the experimental values of the numerical stress concentration factor,a parametric equation to calculate the stress concentration factor of tubular X-joints has been proposed.The accuracy of this equation has been verified against the requirement of the Fatigue Guidance Review Panel,and the proposed equation is found capable of producing reasonably accurate stress concentration factor values for tubular X-joints subject to axial loads.     

碳纤维层合板有限元分析

碳纤维材料作为一种优良的复合材料,越来越广泛地应用于水下攻防领域。 主要研究了有限元法对碳纤维层合板的分析。 首先介绍层合板理论,基于该理论对碳纤维层合板模型进行理论分析,然后利用大型有限元软件 ANSYS 对同一模型进行有限元仿真计算。 最后,对二者计算结果进行比较,讨论有限元法对碳纤维层合板的强度计算的可行性,为工程设计运用提供参考。