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京西北盆岭构造区中发育有怀涿、蔚广、延矾、阳原、灵丘、怀安和涞源等一系列断陷盆地单元,这些断陷盆地的边缘大都受到了NE向活动断裂带的控制.该区内的蔚广盆地就是一个受南部边界正断层控制的、南深北浅的不对称的半地堑盆地.而蔚广盆地南缘断裂带即为控制该盆地南边界的正断层系,也就是本文的研究对象. 相似文献
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蔚广盆地南缘断裂带唐山口段山前断层活动性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蔚广盆地是山西地堑系北端京西北盆岭构造区内的一个半地堑盆地,蔚广盆地南缘断裂带为控制该盆地形成的边界断裂。该断裂带位于唐山口段的山前断裂在冲洪积扇体上形成了线性特征显著的断层陡坎。横跨断层陡坎开挖的探槽表明该条山前断裂属于全新世活动断裂,探槽揭示了2条活动断层以及相应的3次古地震事件。在距今约9ka时其中一条断层首次活动,之后在距今约7.3ka时该条断层再次活动并引发了另一条断层的形成与同步活动。最后它们又发生了第三次活动,而最新一次活动的时间由于相应地表沉积的缺失而无法获得。这3次古地震事件的累积垂直位错约为8.1m。估算出整条山前断裂的平均复发周期约为1.7ka、平均滑动速率约为1.6mm/a。此外还依据经验公式估算出了各次古地震的参考震级。 相似文献
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滑动速率是研究断裂运动学特征、地震活动性和区域应变分配的重要参数和依据。前人关于甘孜-玉树断裂带滑动速率的研究结果存在较大差异,因此,其晚第四纪滑动速率有待进一步调查研究。本文基于卫星影像解译和野外实地考察,对甘孜-玉树断裂带西段(玉树断裂)上典型断错地貌点进行测量分析,得到玉树断裂晚第四纪走滑速率为6.6±0.1-7.4±1.2mm/a。通过与前人对甘孜-玉树断裂带东段(甘孜断裂)滑动速率的研究结果进行对比,发现甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段滑动速率不一致,其原因是甘孜断裂的左旋滑移在向西传递的过程中,一部分应变被分配到了巴塘盆地南缘断裂上。巴塘盆地南缘断裂的存在很好地解释了玉树断裂的走滑速率比甘孜断裂偏低的原因。但是,从区域变形来看,巴塘盆地南缘断裂分配的滑动速率恰好说明了甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段及鲜水河断裂带的水平构造变形是协调一致的。 相似文献
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红河断裂带是青藏高原东南缘发育的重要断裂构造,研究其形成演化过程对理解青藏高原东南缘构造演化、地貌变迁、水系演化和含油气沉积盆地形成等都具有重要意义.莺歌海盆地和琼东南盆地结合部(简称莺琼结合部)是开展红河断裂带向海延伸属性研究的关键点.本研究以区域长地震剖面、三维地震数据和钻井岩芯资料为基础,对莺琼结合部开展了详细的... 相似文献
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通过卫星影像解译、野外实地调查与数字地形分析,研究了成都盆地南缘构造变形特征及与地貌的响应关系,重点为邛西构造和熊坡背斜的晚第四纪构造变形。结果表明:中更新世是成都盆地南缘地区一个较重要的构造变形阶段,邛西构造与熊坡背斜的发育与演化也主要集中在这一阶段,并导致了古青衣江数次改道,遗留下规模巨大的冲洪积扇——名邛台地。熊坡背斜亚流域盆地的面积—高程积分值(HI值)自SW向NE总体呈逐渐减小的趋势,反映了熊坡背斜主要受到来自南部的动力作用,并呈现自SW向NE扩展变形的过程,显示成都盆地南缘地区流域地貌对其构造变形存在着明显的反馈作用。 相似文献
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本文重点论述了四川中新生代沉积盆地变形构造格局、盆内地震活动规律、变形构造形成演化与地震活动的时空耦合关系等。提出盆内浅源地震主要受盆内薄皮构造中的冲起构造带控制,并认为地震活动随变形构造的前展式扩展有逐渐向盆地中央迁移的趋势。 相似文献
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根据1:10000条带状地质填图所获资料,分析了育王山山前断层的几何结构和新活动时代。断层北起岙张水库大坝东北,向南经河头蕉-竺家-陈家-钱家-俞家-王家一线以西,止于詹家西南,由2条次级段呈羽列式展布,北段为岙张水库-红岩水库段,南段为红岩水库东南-詹家段。剖面上断层地貌显示清楚,西侧为侏罗系构成的育王山低山,东侧为大楔盆地。各条断层皆由多个断面构成宽几米-几十米的断层带。根据探槽、天然剖面特征和OSL、ESR样品年龄测试结果综合分析,断层至少有两期活动,早期活动性质为逆断层,时间为早更新世,晚期活动性质为右旋走滑兼正断或逆断层,时间为中更新世,最新活动时代为中更新世晚期。通过探槽揭露,确定育王山山前洪积扇陡坎是人类活动造成,而非断层陡坎。 相似文献
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深井盆地南缘断裂特征与活动性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
深井盆地是山西断陷盆地带北段内部一个规模很小的次级盆地,为中更新世以来发育的三角型山间小型盆地。盆地附近断裂发育,构造复杂,深井盆地南缘断裂为主控边界断裂,控制着盆地的发展演化。本文通过对地形地貌、断裂剖面、地层测年及地震活动等方面的分析和研究,获得了断裂活动时代和活动速率等参数,综合阐述了断裂的空间展布及活动特征。研究表明:深井盆地南缘断裂晚第四纪期间仍在活动,最新活动时代为晚更新世晚期;断裂具有分段性,西段长约6km,多处可见断裂错断晚更新世地层剖面,属正断倾滑性质;东段表现为盆地与黄土斜坡直接接触,由西向东断裂地貌表现逐渐减弱,未见明显的断裂剖面,止于NW向构造,附近发生的4次4 3/4级地震与该段断裂关系密切。 相似文献
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珠江口盆地及其邻近地区的活动断裂与地震活动 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
珠江口盆地位于南海北部,属于大陆地壳的陆缘张裂型盆地,其形成与地幔向上隆起和地壳拉张减薄有密切关系,自中新世纪晚期以来,珠江口盆地的坳陷为沉积区,盆地的隆起及外围为剥蚀区。 相似文献
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Yuan Daoyang Lei Zhongsheng Liu Baichi Cai Shuhu Liu Xiaofeng Wang Yongcheng 《中国地震研究》2002,16(4):351-362
Detailed examination of historical data of earthquakes and field investigations of loess landslide caused by the earthquake and tracing of active faults in Lanzhou area indicate that the Yijitanpu town,one of six towns of Jincheng city,was devastated by the 1125 Lanzhou earthquake.The citly is now located in the Vinylon Factory south of Hekou(River Mouth)in the Xigu distict of Lanzhou city.We delermined that the six old towns mentioned in historical records lie in an area stretching from the south of Xigu district to Hekou in Lanzhou.This is consistent with the distibution of loess landslides caused by the earthquake,the extension of Holocene active faults,and the distribution of traces of the seismic rupture zone.A comprehensive analysis shows that the seismogenic structure for the 1125 Lanzhou M7.0 earthquake should be the Xianshuigou fault segment at the western termination of the north-border active fault zone of the Maxianshan Mountains which are located in south of Lanzhou city with the distance of only 4km. 相似文献
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祁连山活动断裂带中东段冷龙岭断裂滑动速率的精确厘定 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
冷龙岭活动断裂是青藏高原东北缘祁连山断裂带的重要组成部分, 位于祁连山断裂带中东段。 根据野外考察结果认为, 该断裂全新世以来活动强烈, 主要表现为左旋走滑运动, 并伴有正倾滑性质, 断错地貌特征明显。 通过高分辨率SPOT卫星数字影像和大比例尺航空照片处理确定断层的位置, 利用断错地貌测图、 热释光(TL)和碳十四(14C)测年方法, 厘定了冷龙岭断裂的晚第四纪滑动速率, 冷龙岭断裂晚更新世以来的平均水平滑动速率为(4.3±0.7)mm/a, 全新世晚期以来的平均水平滑动速率为(3.9±0.36)mm/a。 相似文献
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渤海位于渤海湾盆地的东部,是我国华北地区新构造活动最强烈的地区之一,盆地内的沉积盖层(N-Q)中断裂极为发育。许多研究者从不同角度对渤海新构造进行过研究,但认识不一。笔者基于以往的工作,对该区新构造作了较深入的分析,确定渤海新构造运动起始于中新世晚期(12~10Ma BP)。从三维空间分析盖层断裂,并按其与盆地基底断裂的成因关系,将新构造活动的断裂分为继续活动断裂和新生断裂,并划分出3条主要的新构造活动断裂带:北东(偏北)向营口-潍坊断裂带北段是继续活动构造带,右旋逆平移活动,活动性弱;北西西向北京-蓬莱断裂带亦为继续活动构造带,左旋正平移活动,活动性较强;北东向庙西北-黄河口断裂带为新生构造带,右旋平移活动,活动性强。后两者组成一对以庙西北-黄河口断裂带为主的偏共轭活动构造带,该区域地震活动与之关系密切。最后探讨了渤海地区新构造期北东东-南西西至近东西向水平挤压的构造应力场及其与新构造活动断裂带发育的关系。提出新构造应力场与古近纪盆地裂陷阶段的应力场截然不同,新构造为地壳共轭剪切破裂系统,古近纪盆地构造是发育于地壳上部的伸展构造系统,这是两期不同体制的构造系统。 相似文献
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The Hetao depression zone, located to the north of Ordos block, is a complex depression basin that consists of two sub-uplifts and three sub-depressions. The depression zone is subject to the regional extensional stress field driven by the Indo-Asian continental collision and the westward subduction of the Pacific Plate. The Baotou uplift that separates the Baiyanhua sub-depression and Huhe sub-depression is mainly composed of Archean gneiss and is overlaid by Quaternary sedimentary strata. The two sub-depressions are bordered by the Wula Mountains and Daqing Mountains to the north, respectively. The bedrock exhumed in Wula Mountains and Daqing Mountains consists mostly of Precambrian granitic gneiss, and the piedmont depressions are infilled by thick Cenozoic strata. The Wulashan piedmont fault and Daqingshan piedmont fault extend along the range front of Wula Mountains and Daqing Mountains, respectively. The subsidence is controlled by the two boundary faults. Previous studies have preliminarily documented the characteristics of the northwest boundary fault of Baotou uplift. Combining shallow seismic exploration, active fault mapping, and geological drilling, this paper presents a detailed study on the tectonic characteristics of the Baotou uplift.
The shallow seismic exploration reveals that the Baotou uplift is an asymmetrical wedge with a steep southeast wing and a gentle dipping northwest wing. The Baotou uplift is wider in the northeastern part and narrows down towards the southwest. In seismic profiles, the Baiyanhua sub-depression and the Huhe sub-depression manifest as asymmetric dustpan-like depressions with south-dipping controlling faults. Baotou uplift is bounded by the Xishawan-Xingsheng Fault to the northwest and Daqingshan piedmont fault to the southeast. The two faults exhibit significant difference in many aspects, such as fault geometry, fault displacement, the latest active time, and so on. The southeast boundary fault of Baotou uplift is the Baotou section of the Daqingshan piedmont fault which is a Holocene active fault and the major boundary fault of Huhe sub-depression. East of Wanshuiquan, the fault strikes EW-NEE; west of Wanshuiquan, the strike changes to NW. The Daqingshan piedmont fault appears as a south-dipping listric fault in seismic profiles whose dip decreases with depth and cuts through all the sedimentary strata in Huhe sub-depression; the fault extends along the late Pleistocene lacustrine platform at surface with prominent geomorphological evidences. The Xishawan-Xingsheng Fault is a buried high-angle normal fault that mainly dips to the northwest and strikes NE. The fault strike changes to NNE at the eastern tip. Based on the results of seismic exploration and geological drilling, the Xishawan-Xingsheng buried fault is an early to middle Pleistocene Fault capped by late Pleistocene lacustrine strata. We reckon that the Xishawan-Xingsheng Fault is one of the synthetic faults that dip towards the main boundary fault of Baiyanhua sub-depression.
Similarities in lithology, geometry, and structural characteristics of south boundary faults all indicate that Baotou uplift is the western extension of Daqing Mountains. Multiple factors may contribute to the formation of Baotou uplift, such as tectonic subsidence and the development of large-scale river system and mega-lake. We suggest that the upwelling of asthenosphere may play a primary role in the evolution of Wulanshan piedmont fault and Daqingshan piedmont fault. Separated by the Baotou uplift, the Wulashan piedmont fault and Daqingshan piedmont fault can be regarded as independent seismogenic faults. The Hetao depression zone is featured by complex inner structures, and many scientific issues are subject to further researches. Thus, more attention should be paid to the secondary structures within the depression zone for a better understanding on the formation and evolution of Hetao depression zone. 相似文献