IEEE-488与非标准仪器接口连接

IEEE-488接口总线，是计算机与外部设备，仪器连接的通用标准并行接口，它要求被连接的仪器具有IEEE-4888标准的接口。本文计论，如何把它与非IEEE-488标准的仪器接口相连接。首先，要研究非标准的仪器接口，找出它与IEEE-488标准的异同，必要时，应改焊此仪器的接口插头线端，使那些主要信号线功能与IEEE-488要求一种的线端处于与IEEE-488插口端对应的位置，而功能不相容者不用。然后，试运行IEEE-488接口卡上EPROM中已有程序。必要时，应把三线联络方式改为两线，一线或零线联络，并根据卡上I/O芯片功能自编连接予程序。这种所用IEEE-488接口卡的功能是一种扩充。本文具体介绍了用此方法如何将TCH-瞬态仪与APPLE11IEEE-488接口卡连接，构成一个较强功能内的高速瞬态信号采集与处理系统。     

SD卡在海洋数据存储中的应用

设计了一种新型海洋要素数据采集系统的SD卡存储方案.该方案选用与8051完全兼容的高性能单片机C8051F340作为主控制器,采用SPI总线与SD卡通信.介绍了SD卡以及C8051F340芯片中SPI接口的结构和工作原理,讨论了相关的设置、硬件连接和软件设计,实现了时SD卡的读写,解决了海洋数据采集过程中,数据存储量大、存储设备不易与PC机接口的问题.     

直接测量交流电压的数字化器

本文介绍尼尔—布朗仪器系统公司出品的MARKⅡB型CTD系统中的交流数字化器,它对交流信号利用逐次逼近逻辑,它能与传感器接口信号良好匹配,并能将此信号精确地转换为二进制代码。     

怎样使用Roland DPX-4600A绘图仪

DPX—4600A平板式绘图仪是日本Roland公司的产品,它具有绘图速度快、精度高等优点。现将仪器特点及使用要求作简要介绍。 一、DPX—4600A平板式绘图仪的主要性能 数控电机,具有光滑功能。分辨率:软件分辨率0.025mm/步,硬件分辨率0.003215mm/步。绘图面积:1229.2mm×924.4mm,静电吸纸固定。1M字节缓冲区。接口通信协议自动识别。RS—     

气温,湿度和风速梯度数据采集系统

测定近海面及地面的气温、湿度和风速梯度,对于研究其间的相互作用是必要的,由于常规气象仪器不满足要求,国内也曾出现了一些梯度记录仪。其中大多不再应用,因为稳定性不够好,操作与资料处理不便。本文的数据采集系统以高性能的传感器和低耗电单片计算机为基础。传感器有良好的稳定性和互抉性。仪器无需常进行标定,输出数据为实际值。显然,它的数据处理是简便的。仪器用干电池供电和固态数据存贮,可以工作在船上、海边和荒野,无需人员值班。当观测结束,仪器可通过 RS-232接口把存贮的数据倒给便携式个人计算机。此系统已实现了全自动的数据采集和处理。它已被用于若干课题,如大气环境评价和海洋大气界面层的研究。     

DC—1A型多功能数显接口

一、概述 SDH—13A型测深仪自1990年装备部队以来,由于无相应的配套检测仪表,所以在仪器修理和长期使用后,其移相精度和校准脉冲宽度无法实时检测和校准;同时该机无数字信号输出,因而不便于实现水深测量自动化。针对这种状况,我们研制了DC—1A型多功能数显接口。 该型接口可作为SDH—13A型测深仪的水深显示器使用,亦可用作SDH—13A型测深仪的专用测试仪表,还可作为水深转换接口,以便将SDH—13A型测深仪与Falcon—Ⅳ型微波测距/定位仪或水深测量自动化装置连接起     

海洋测深数据绘图接口装置研究

所研制的海洋测深数据绘图接口装置（以下简称接口装置），采用ＭＣＳ８０３１单片微电脑管理本机的运行。它能把测量仪器测到的数据取出送往打印机打印出曲线；或把所测的数据输入接口装置的内存区，待具备打印条件时，再依次取出绘成曲线、该接口装置在研制成功后，曾用于连接ＣＳ－６０回声测深仪及九针打印机，并在一次海上测量海底地形的测深作业中使用，得到满意的效果。文章还讨论了该测深数据绘图方法结合其他类型的测量仪器和其他打印机应用的问题。     

温盐深剖面仪技术改造研究

在海洋调查技术日趋提高和海洋调查仪器逐年增多的时代背景下,如何充分利用现有仪器,深入挖掘各仪器的功能成为广大科研人员所要面对的问题.文中描述了温盐深剖面仪与声学传输装置如何进行集成,摸索出温盐深剖面仪在海洋调查中使用方法和方式的新技术.此集成系统经过实践检验证明,极大提高了海洋调查工作效率,达到仪器使用的最优效果.     

KSS 31海洋重力仪配套接口子系统开发

介绍一种采用VC 语言开发成功的KSS 31型海洋重力仪导航系统适配的接口应用程序,对如何解决引进新型号设备与现有的系统(设备)集成(连接)问题有一定的借鉴作用。     

UECM—2000型磁泡存储器电磁海流计

该型仪器是由日本联合工程有限公司制造的一种新型测流仪器。该仪器采用磁泡存储记录器,适于在近海或波浪区长期测海流。磁泡存储记录器是一种非常可靠的数据收集系统,它与MT数据记录器完全不同,不产生由测量介质引起的误差。该记录器没有机械部分,使用时不需要维修,因此使用寿命长。该仪器的标准传感器技术指标如下: 1.流速传感器:     

Microbial Biomass and Organic Nutrients in the Deep-Sea Sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin

In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.     

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中桩周土强度弱化研究

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。     

Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification

An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.     

Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans

A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level.     

Deep-Sea Sediment Compression Curves: Some Controlling Factors, Spurious Overconsolidation, Predictions, and Geophysical Reproduction

Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.     

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS

<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,     

Estimation of Sediment Properties during Benthic Impact Experiments

Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges.