东南极格罗夫山：普里兹造山带中一个典型的泛非期变质地体

提要：距我国中山站以南约400 km的格罗夫山是普里兹造山带向南极内陆的延伸部分,其基底地体由约在920?910 Ma期间侵入的镁铁质－长英质火成岩和少量中元古代的沉积岩构成,这些岩石仅在泛非期（约570?500 Ma）经历了单相变质－构造旋回,因此是一个典型的泛非期变质地体。泛非期高峰变质作用并不象前人所认为的那样仅为中低压麻粒岩相,而是高达770?840?C、1.18?1.40 GPa,并在随后经历了近等温减压（约0.6 GPa）的P-T演化过程。大规模的A型紫苏花岗岩和花岗岩在同造山－后造山阶段侵位,并造成了麻粒岩地体近等压降温的P-T轨迹。这些花岗质岩石是由长期富集地幔的底侵物质（碱性玄武质岩石）经部分溶融而形成的。结合相邻地质体的研究资料,我们认为普里兹造山带可能发育在太古宙－格林维尔期基底地体之上,这些基底地体可能与新元古代（？）盖层卷入到了统一的泛非期造山作用过程。在泛非期造山作用过程中,地壳曾被增厚约达40?50 km,而后又经历了厚约20 km的地壳伸展垮塌和剥蚀。所以,普里兹造山带应代表东冈瓦纳陆块内部由板块缝合作用所形成的一条泛非期碰撞造山带。     

东南极格罗夫山地区冰碛石碎石带中高压麻粒岩和正片麻岩的锆石年代学研究及其构造意义

东南极的格罗夫山是普里兹造山带向南极内陆的延伸部分。对格罗夫山不同碎石带中收集的高压麻粒岩和正片麻岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学研究。四个高压麻粒岩的锆石多数为变质新生锆石,仅少数保留有继承核,其年龄为2633—2502 Ma。在变质锆石中获得~570 Ma和~555—545 Ma两个阶段变质年龄,锆石微量元素特征显示为重稀土亏损,结合前人研究结果,推测这两阶段年龄分别代表了变质作用过程中的进变质和高压峰期变质年龄。两个正片麻岩的锆石普遍发育核-边结构,由一个发育振荡环带的岩浆核和均匀无环带的变质边组成。正片麻岩的原岩年龄存在差异,在样品GR14-3-4的锆石核部获得了1060±40 Ma的上交点年龄,其原岩可能来自格罗夫山东南部的冰下高地,而在样品GR14-5-4的锆石核部获得的原岩年龄为917±4 Ma,与格罗夫山基岩中的基性麻粒岩和正片麻岩的原岩年龄一致。在锆石边部获得的变质年龄较为一致,为~530 Ma,与以前在高压麻粒岩中获得的退变质年龄相当。本次研究确认了高压麻粒岩在格罗夫山地区不同碎石带中分布的广泛性,表明其可能普遍存在于格罗夫山冰下高地之中。同时也进一步证明格罗夫山冰下高地并没有受到格林维尔期构造热事件的影响,而是只经历了泛非期的单相变质构造旋回。     

中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究召开“千人计划”-新疆项目专家论证会

正2014年6月16日,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所组织召开了"千人计划"-新疆项目专家论证会,对新获批的四位千人:蔡克大、郑宏伟、苏布达和高宵鹏的项目分别进行了论证。所学术委员会共19位委员作为专家参加了会议。"中亚阿尔泰、天山造山带古生代构造演化与成矿背景对比研究"项目(蔡克大主持),旨在对中亚造山带和阿尔泰地区的构造演化历史进行解读,探索该巨型增生造山带的大陆动力学过程和长矿元素迁移聚集规律,从而为新疆的找矿重大突破和社会经济发展服务。     

中国省域经济韧性与生态效率测度及其协同演化分析

统筹经济韧性与生态效率间的动态平衡关系是实现区域可持续发展的重要抓手。以中国30个省份为研究对象,采用组合权重模型、全局非期望超效率SBM模型分别测度国内省级区域适应性循环理论与驱动-压力-状态-响应（DPSR）模型分析框架下的经济韧性、投入产出理论下的生态效率,并通过改进的哈肯模型刻画经济韧性与生态效率间的协同演化特征。结果表明：（1）经济韧性能力在样本观测期内显著上升,区域差异明显扩张,南北区域发展不平衡,存在一定的“东-中-东北-西”阶梯效应。（2）生态效率水平总体呈下降的趋势,区域差异历经“扩张-缩小-再扩张”变化,存在显著性阶梯失衡现象,空间呈“沿海-内陆”递减分布。（3）经济韧性与生态效率的协同演化历经稳定、下降及稳定三阶段,区域间基本不存在阶梯性失衡现象,经济韧性作为协同演化的序参量,主导区域可持续发展。     

近159年东亚夏季风年代际变化与中国东部旱涝分布(英文)

Based on the drought/flood grades of 90 meterological stations over eastern China and summer average sea-level pressure (SLP) during 1850–2008 and BPCCA statistical methods, the coupling relationship between the drought/flood grades and the East Asian summer SLP is analyzed. The East Asian summer monsoon index which is closely related with interdecadal variation of drought/flood distribution over eastern China is defined by using the key areas of SLP. The impact of the interdecadal variation of the East Asian summer monsoon on the distribution of drought/flood over eastern China in the last 159 years is researched. The results show that there are four typical drought and flood spatial distribution patterns in eastern China, i.e. the distribution of drought/flood in southern China is contrary to the other regions, the distribution of drought/flood along the Huanghe River–Huaihe River Valley is contrary to the Yangtze River Valley and regions south of it, the distribution of drought/flood along the Yangtze River Valley and Huaihe River Valley is contrary to the other regions, the distribution of drought/flood in eastern China is contrary to the western. The main distribution pattern of SLP in summer is that the strength of SLP is opposite in Asian continent and West Pacific. It has close relationship between the interdecadal variation of drought/flood distribution patterns over eastern China and the interdecadal variation of the East Asian summer monsoon which was defined in this paper, but the correlation is not stable and it has a significant difference in changes of interdecadal phase. When the East Asian summer monsoon was stronger (weaker), regions north of the Yangtze River Valley was more susceptible to drought (flood), the Yangtze River Valley and regions south of it were more susceptible to flood (drought) before the 1920s; when the East Asian summer monsoon was stronger (weaker), the regions north of the Yangtze River Valley was prone to flood (drought), the Yangtze River Valley and regions south of it were prone to drought (flood) after the 1920s. It is indicated that by using the data of the longer period could get much richer results than by using the data of the last 50–60 years. The differences in the interdecadal phase between the East Asian summer monsoon and the drought/flood distributions in eastern China may be associated with the nonlinear feedback, which is the East Asian summer monsoon for the extrinsic forcing of solar activity.     

近159年东亚夏季风年代际变化与中国东部旱涝分布(英文)

Based on the drought/flood grades of 90 meterological stations over eastern China and summer average sea-level pressure (SLP) during 1850–2008 and BPCCA statistical methods, the coupling relationship between the drought/flood grades and the East Asian summer SLP is analyzed. The East Asian summer monsoon index which is closely related with interdecadal variation of drought/flood distribution over eastern China is defined by using the key areas of SLP. The impact of the interdecadal variation of the East Asi...