网络空间中线要素的核密度估计方法

核密度估计(KDE)方法是分析点要素或线要素空间分布模式的一种重要方法,但目前线要素核密度方法只能分析线要素在二维均质平面空间的密度分布,不能正确分析交通拥堵、交叉口排队、出租车载客等线事件在一维非均质道路网络空间中的密度分布。本文提出了一种网络空间中线要素的核密度估计方法(网络线要素KDE方法),首先确定每个线要素在网络空间上的密度分布,然后根据网络空间距离和拓扑关系确定网络空间的线要素核密度与时空分布。以出租车GPS轨迹数据中提取的"上客"线事件为例,分析出租车"上客"线事件在网络空间中的密度分布,通过与现有方法比较的试验结果表明,本文提出的方法更能准确反映路网空间中线事件的分布特征。     

城市群网络空间交互情景的场源场强分析法

区域网络空间交互已逐渐成为地理学热点研究问题。本文将由城市群形成的城市化区域抽象为地理空间数据场,以城市为场源、城市间的交互作用为场强度量,构建了基于地理空间数据场的城市间多向网络交互情景分析模型。以武汉城市圈为典型区,以城市圈5年时点数据为基础,分析了城市多向网络交互作用及其在区域一体化发展过程中的动态变化。结果表明:武汉城市圈内一核众弱空间格局明显,区域整体交互差异显著不均;2006年后,城市交互强度上升速率有了较大提升,武汉城市圈政策对城市网络交互情景的影响初步显现。     

GIS中点集凸包的快速算法

对文献[1]的划分算法的时间复杂度进行理论分析,指出它的不适用范围.提出了一种计算凸包的O(n)的算法.     

基于遥感和GIS的海岸带水域生态景观格局演变研究——以杭州湾北岸上海市段为例

以杭州湾北岸上海市段为例,利用谱间关系法从多时相遥感影像中提取出1992年、2001年和2008年的水域信息,通过水域斑块数量、面积、密度、形状、分维数和景观动态度等分析其动态变化; 利用GIS空间分析方法绘制了水域密度的空间分布图.结果显示,由于受人类活动的干扰,16 a来杭州湾北岸上海段水域景观格局发生了显著变化,...     

A general framework for error analysis in measurement-based GIS Part 3: Error analysis in intersections and overlays

This is the third of a four-part series on the development of a general framework for error analysis in measurement-based geographic information systems (MBGIS). In this paper, we study the characteristics of error structures in intersections and polygon overlays. When locations of the endpoints of two line segments are in error, we analyze errors of the intersection point and obtain its error covariance matrix through the propagation of the error covariance matrices of the endpoints. An approximate law of error propagation for the intersection point is formulated within the MBGIS framework. From simulation experiments, it appears that both the relative positioning of two line segments and the error characteristics of the endpoints can affect the error characteristics of the intersection. Nevertheless, the approximate law of error propagation captures nicely the error characteristics under various situations. Based on the derived results, error analysis in polygon-on-polygon overlay operation is also performed. The relationship between the error covariance matrices of the original polygons and the overlaid polygons is approximately established.This project was supported by the earmarked grant CUHK 4362/00H of the Hong Kong Research grants Council.     

A method for groundwater prospect zonation in data poor areas using remote sensing and GIS: a case study in Kalikavu Panchayath of Malappuram district,Kerala, India

Abstract

The present study was an attempt to delineate potential groundwater zones in Kalikavu Panchayat of Malappuram district, Kerala, India. The geo-spatial database on geomorphology, landuse, geology, slope and drainage network was generated in a geographic information system (GIS) environment from satellite data, Survey of India topographic sheets and field observations. To understand the movement and occurrence of groundwater, the geology, geomorphology, structural set-up and recharging conditions have to be well understood. In the present study, the potential recharge areas are delineated in terms of geology, geomorphology, land use, slope, drainage pattern, etc. Various thematic data generated were integrated using a heuristic method in the GIS domain to generate maps showing potential groundwater zones. The composite output map scores were reclassified into different zones using a decision rule. The final output map shows different zones of groundwater prospect, viz., very good (15.57% of the area), good (43.74%), moderate (28.38%) and poor (12.31%). Geomorphic units such as valley plains, valley fills and alluvial terraces were identified as good to excellent prospect zones, while the gently sloping lateritic uplands were identified as good to moderate zones. Steeply sloping hilly terrains underlain by hard rocks were identified as poor groundwater prospect zones.