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1.
Gerard Gruau Herve Martin Bernard Leveque Raymond Capdevila Alain Marot 《Precambrian Research》1985,30(1):63-80
Nine samples of metavolcanic rock from the lower parts of greenstone belts in central French Guiana (the Paramaca series) and 14 granitic samples from the intrusive gneisses (the Degrad Roche and Arawa gneisses) were selected for Sm—Nd and Rb—Sr analysis.The Sm—Nd results from the metavolcanic series (including two tholeiites, five peridotitic komatiites and two andesites) yield an isochron age of 2.11±0.09 (2 σ) Ga with an initial ratio (INd) of 0.51002±9 (2 σ), corresponding to ?Nd(T) = + 2.1 ± 1.8. This isochron is interpreted as representing the age of initial volcanism of the Paramaca series. Acid intrusives were dated by the Rb—Sr method. A whole rock Rb—Sr isochron, including data points from both the Degrad Roche and Arawa gneisses, yields an age of 2.00±0.07 (2 σ) Ga with initial ratio (ISr value) of 0.7019±4 (2 σ). This result is considered to be the time of emplacement of the orthogneiss protoliths.The positive εNd value (+ 2.1 ± 1.8) obtained from the metavolcanic rocks of French Guiana suggests that their mantle sources have evolved in reservoirs slightly depleted in Light Rare Earth Elements (LREE). This result confirms the possible existence of ancient LREE-depleted reservoirs within the lower Proterozoic mantle. Moreover, the high εNd(T) value for these rocks excludes any significant crustal contamination during magma genesis.The French Guianese orthogneisses yield a low ISr value (0.7019±4 (2 σ)) which, together with geochemical considerations, suggests that their granitic protoliths could have originated by partial melting of short-lived crustal precursors of basaltic to granodioritic composition.The present geochronological and isotopic study suggests that the Guiana Shield may represent a major continental accretion event during the lower Proterozoic. 相似文献
2.
The Luna 16 materials were dated by the Rb-Sr method.An internal isochron age of 3.4 ± 0.2 has been determined for a 6 mg fragment.The Luna 16 total soil is poorer in radiogenic Sr than any other analyzed soil from the Moon. Apollo 14 and 15 soils have also been studied; all of them fall nearly on a 4.65 b.y. isochron with the ADOR initial ratio.A comparison of the integrated of the basalt source region and the of the rocks suggests that these basaltic fragments have been generated with only minor fractionation.The existence of an old Rb-rich subcrust which contaminated the basalts is also in agreement with the present results. 相似文献
3.
The RbSr and UPb methods were used to study gneisses in the Lake Helen quadrangle of the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming. Two episodes of magmatism, deformation and metamorphism occurred during the Archean. Trondhjemitic to tonalitic orthogneisses and amphibolite of the first episode (E-1) are cut by a trondhjemite pluton and a calc-alkaline intrusive series of the second episode (E-2). The E-2 series includes hornblende-biotite quartz diorite, biotite tonalite, biotite granodiorite and biotite granite.A RbSr whole-rock isochron for E-1 gneisses indicates an age of 3007 ± 34 Ma (1 sigma) and an initial 87Sr/86Sr of 0.7001 ± 0.0001. UPb determination on zircon from E-1 gneisses yield a concordia intercept age of 2947 ± 50 Ma. The low initial ratio suggests that the gneisses had no significant crustal history prior to metamorphism, and that the magmas from which they formed had originated from a mafic source.A RbSr whole-rock isochron for E-2 gneisses gives an age of 2801 ± 31 Ma. The 87Sr/86Sr initial ration is 0.7015 ± 0.0002 and precludes the existence of the rocks for more than 150 Ma prior to metamorphism. The E-2 magmas may have originated from melting of E-1 gneisses or from a more mafic source. 相似文献
4.
Fred Barker Zell E. Peterman Robert A. Hildreth 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1969,23(4):271-282
The Precambrian trondhjemitic Twilight Gneiss (Twilight Granite of Cross and Howe, 1905b) of the West Needle Mountains, southwestern Colorado, and its interlayered amphibolite and metarhyodacite yield a Rb-Sr isochron of 1,805±35 m.y. A low initial Sr87/Sr86 ratio of 0.7015 implies that metamorphism of these rocks to amphibolite facies took place soon after their emplacement. The mild metamorphism of Uncompahgran age, prior to 1,460 m.y. ago, and Laramide volcanism did not affect the Rb-Sr system in the Twilight. Rb contents of 26.5 to 108 ppm, Sr contents of 114 to 251 ppm, and K2O percentages of 1.23 to 3.64 in the Twilight Gneiss, in conjunction with high K/Rb ratios and the low initial ratio of Sr87/Sr86, lend support to geologic data that suggest the Twilight originated as volcanic or hypabyssal igneous rocks in a basaltic volcanic pile.Publication authorized by the Director, U.S. Geological Survey. 相似文献
5.
《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1986,50(4):625-631
A Sm-Nd study of mafic amphibolite which occurs as lensoid masses in migmatitic quartz dioriticto-granitic gneiss was undertaken in order to determine if it has an early Archean age. Six amphibolite samples define an isochron yielding an age of 3.50 ± 0.08 b.y. with an initial ϵNd value of +3.3 ± 0.3.. Three samples of quartz dioritic gneiss lie close to this isochron, and have Sm-Nd model ages of ca. 3.5 b.y. referenced to a “epleted mantle” source. A sample of K-feldspar-rich granitic gneiss gives a younger model age of about 2.9 b.y. The non-zero initial ϵNd value of the mafic amphibolites can be compared with chondritic meteorite samples measured in this laboratory, and is, therefore, precisely determined. If the initial ϵNd value can be regarded as representative of the original igneous rocks, then it indicates that the mantle magma source was severely depleted with respect to magmaphile elements. This suggests that the geochemistry of the early Archean mantle may have been similar to that of the modern upper mantle and may require that a large pre-Archean continental crust have been present on the earth. 相似文献
6.
Bernard Dupré Catherine Chauvel Nicholas T Arndt 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(10):1965-1972
Isotopic analysis of two Archean komatiitic flows from Alexo, Ontario, gives a Pb-Pb isochron age of 2690 ± 15 Ma and a Sm-Nd isochron age of 2752 ± 87 Ma. These ages agree well with U-Pb zircon ages from underlying and overlying volcanics. The variations in element ratios that define the isochrons were not produced during crystallization of the lavas. The spread in U/Pb was caused by submarine alteration soon after eruption, and the spread in Sm/Nd resulted from (a) differences in the composition of the residue of melting, and (b) contamination of the upper komatiite flow through thermal erosion of the lower flow.The 147Sm/144Nd ratio of uncontaminated komatiite is 0.25 which reflects the depleted nature of its mantle source. The Th/U ratio of about 3.4 is probably also representative of depleted mantle. The initial ?Nd of +2.44 ± 0.51 indicates that the mantle depletion took place long before magma formation. 相似文献
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9.
R Vollmer 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1976,40(3):283-295
The isotopic composition of Pb and Sr and the abundances of Rb, Sr, U, Th, and Pb were determined for whole rock samples from all major volcanic centres of the Cenozoic alkaline volcanism of Central and South Italy, together with some samples from the contemporaneous anatectic Tuscan volcanism. The Sr and Pb isotopic compositions of the alkaline rocks show a negative correlation combined with a regional trend: the ratios decrease from 0.711 in the north-west to 0.704 in the south-east, while the ratios increase from 18.7 to 20.0. Variations in both isotopic compositions are generally small throughout erupted rock sequences for any volcanic centre.The Pb and Sr isotopic abundance variations are interpreted on the basis of two alternative models, which correspond to two groups of geological processes: variations can result (i) from a time dependent development in subsystems with different or ratios or, (ii) from mixing of Sr or Pb with different isotopic compositions. Combining both Pb and Sr isotope abundance measurements it is shown that the source of each volcanic centre is formed by various degrees of mixing between two components. One component and the most southern Tuscan anatectic rocks most likely have a common source, whereas the other component of the mixing process is suggested to be a liquid fraction derived from a small degree of partial fusion of a hydrous mantle. Thus at least a two-stage evolution of the Italian alkaline rocks is indicated: first a mixing process leading to the formation of the parental material followed by differentiation processes leading to the formation of the erupted rock sequences.The geodynamic model which explains the data best is that of a lateral inhomogeneous mantle. The lateral inhomogeneities in the mantle would be the result of mixing between originally mantle and crustal derived material. The mixing process itself would not have any primary connection with the Quarternary volcanic activity. 相似文献
10.
V Rama Murthy 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1975,39(12):1679-1689
The Vermilion district of northerneastern Minnesota is a classic example of a lower Precambrian greenstone-granite terrane. It is a complex volcanic-sedimentary pile, characterized by repeated periods of volcanism and the presence of intercalated pyroclastic, volcanoclastic and epiclastic rocks. The volcanic-sedimentary pile is surrounded and intruded by contemporaneous granitic batholiths. Several rock units from the district have been dated by the whole-rock Rb-Sr method. The isochron ages and the corresponding initial Sr87/Sr86 ratios (= I) are:
Ely Greenstone | ||
Newton Lake Formation | ||
Granitic pebbles |