海平面上升与海滩侵蚀

世纪性的海平面持续上升，加大了海岸水下斜坡深度，逐渐减小波浪对沉溺古海岸的扰动作用而形成海底的横向供沙减少，却加强激浪对上部海滩的冲刷。逐渐上升的海平面，降低了河流坡降而减少了入海沙量。因此世界海滩普遍出现沙量补给匮乏。海平面上升伴随着厄尔尼诺现象与风暴潮频率的增加，水动力加大。这两者的综合效应，使海滩遭受冲刷，沙坝向陆移动。如按ＩＰＣＣ估计，至２１００年海面上升５０ｃｍ时，中国主要旅游海滨的沙滩将损失现有面积的１３％─６６％。主要对策是海岸防护与海滩人工喂养。     

渤海西岸平原海平面上升危害性评估

本文按照ＩＰＣＣ第三工作组海岸管理小组拟定的国际共同研究大纲与方法，在对渤海西岸平原海平面上升的危害性进行评估时，应用ＴＭ遥感影像与地理信息系统，由土地利用类型、海岸蚀积动态叠加１─６ｍ等高线编制成环境地形图，再与地面形变图等辅助图件对照分析，预测海平面上升对环境和社会经济的危害。     

A STATISTICAL TEST OF FLORISTIC ZONES AS INFERRED FROM THE POLLEN RECORD: SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND

This study presents the stratigraphic and floristic interpretations of data collected from a 6.49 m core taken within the Rowley River Marsh, Massachusetts. Twenty-five samples were collected at 28 centimeter intervals from the core in this Holocene coastal marsh. Based on stratigraphic control, the age of the core samples includes a time sequence extending back 4,600 years from the present. Analysis of the core stratigraphic units suggests the environment has essentially been a low energy estuarine system for the past 4,600 years. The 25 samples were also processed for pollen taxa present since 4,600 years B.P. A discriminant function analysis was used to test the floristic zonal similarity of the diagnostic taxa (Picea, Pinus, Carya, Tsuga, Quercus) from the core with those same taxa used to establish the floristic zones for the southern New England region. The results of the analysis demonstrated that 84% of the samples were correctly classified by floristic zone. Although the distribution of diagnostic taxa from this study is generally in agreement with the previously established floristic zones, the Tsuga taxa are present throughout the temporal sequence, suggesting the occurrence of a cooler climate regime for the sampling site since 4,600 years B.P.     

苏北低地系统及其对海平面上升的复杂响应

苏北低地位处我国沿海中部，地面平均高程３ｍ左右，平均坡降多在０．２‰－２‰之间，河渠水面比降平均迷０．０４‰，极易发生洪涝灾害。未来海平面上升，将对这一洪涝灾害频发地区带为严重的危害。本文通过剖析苏北低地系统状态与结构，考察低地系统对海平面上升的复杂响应过程，以寻求系统对未来全球变化的积极适应方式。     

海平面上升对长江口三岛影响的预测研究

根据国际权威机构ＩＰＣＣ １９９０年对２１世纪全球海平面上升的最佳估计值和本区地壳沉降速率以及地面沉降趋势,确定下一世纪长江口相对海平面上升１．０ｍ左右。在此基础上,预测了相对海面上升对海岸工程,交通水利设施湿地损失,洪涝灾害及盐水入侵的影响。     

IMPACTS OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON MAJOR PROJECTS AND URBANDEVELOPMENT IN CHINA''S COASTAL PLAINS

LIntroductionSeaIevelnse(SLR)isacertainresu1tcausedbyclimaticwampandunreasonableanthropogedcaCtivities,itwillbringaboutaseriesofnegaivethesonenvironmentalevoltalonandsocio-econonucdevelopmentincoastalarea.Cboaisavastcowtrywithl8,OOOkmand14,OOOkmofcontinentalandislandcoastlinesrespeCtively.Over3Ohaddleandbigcitiesandneariy2Oimportantharbours,includingTianJin,ShanghaiandGuanghouarelocatedinthecoastalareawhere4lpercentofthenation'spopulahonandoveY5operedofGNP(GrossNationalProduCt)iscon…     

海平面上升对珠江三角洲咸潮入侵的影响

海平面上升,潮汐作用加强,在无其它因素影响下,通常认为必然导致包括盐水入侵灾害加剧。根据河口盐淡水混合扩散原理,结合珠江三角洲河口整治延伸规划及河口淤积发展趋势,动态分析了海平面上升对珠江三角洲咸潮入侵的影响,认为海平面上升后,盐水入侵对珠江三角洲的影响总的来说不会加剧,而且还会逐步减弱。     

冰后期海面上升对长江中下游影响的探讨

本文通过地质、地貌和古水文调查资料的分析,并结合计算机数值模拟研究讨论了冰后期海面上升对长江中下游河床泥沙加积、水位变化,沿岸湖泊发育及荆江河曲形成的影响。     

海平面上升对长江三角洲和苏北滨海平原海岸侵蚀的可能影响

本区海岸现有30％的岸段为侵蚀海岸,海平面上升将使海岸侵蚀加剧。海平面上升因素在海岸侵蚀诸因素中的比重较国外同类研究结论偏小,这与本区海岸的特殊演变原因有关。海平面上升通过潮流、波浪和风暴潮作用增强,海岸潮滩和湿地损失,岸滩消浪和抗冲能力减小等途径引起海岸侵蚀加剧。其结果是,侵蚀岸段扩大,淤涨岸段减少甚至转为侵蚀,潮间带宽度变窄,坡度加大,从而使沿岸海堤等挡潮工程的标准要相应提高。     

IMPACT OF NEOTECTONICS ON THE RECORD OF GLACIER AND SEA LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN, SOUTHERN CHILE

ABSTRACT. This paper presents evidence for a neotectonic influence on Late Pleistocene/Holocene records of environmental change in the southern Strait of Magellan. We concentrate on one site, Puerto del Hambre, a key location for reconstructing palaeoenvironmental change in southernmost South America. We report geomorphological, structural geological, seismic and topographic data that all show the site has been affected by postglacial faulting. There is also indirect evidence from the site stratigraphy that the site has been displaced. Also, recent faulting explains some of the puzzles associated with interpretation of the palaeoenvironmental record at Puerto del Hambre. The implication of this work is that neotectonic faulting had a pervasive influence in the southern part of the Strait of Magellan and southernmost Tierra del Fuego, and thus affects glacial or sea level reconstructions in the area.     

海平面上升对中国沿海重要工程设施与城市发展的可能影响

由于自然和人为双重因素作用，２１世纪前半期中国沿海平原地区相对海平面上升幅度可能达到全球平均值的２－３倍，由此将给沿海地区自然环境演变和社会经济发展带来一系列不利影响，本文分析了未来相对海平面上升５０ｃｍ对中国沿海重要的海岸防护、水利与港口码头工程以及城市供水、防洪与滨海旅游业的可能影响方式与程度。     

台湾沿岸全新世海平面波动

本文汇集了一批台泫沿岸全新世隆起海相沉物样品的＾１４Ｃ年代，高程数据，尝试以华南海平面变化曲线为参照系。从相对海平面变化中剔除构造运动的影响，恢复台湾古海平面的高度，进而探讨海平面的波动变化。并与闽、粤沿岸海平面变化进行比较。     

西北太平洋海面总加热强度的时空特征

本文计算分析了西北太平洋海面辐射平衡,热量平衡及其各分量的时空特征,并在此基础上进一步分析了西北太平洋海面总加热强度的时空分布特征,为深入探讨海—气相互作用的物理过程以及长期天气变化和气候异常的原因提供依据。     

珠江口伶仃洋海平面变化趋势研究

根据珠江口伶仃洋三灶,赤湾,香港三个站的验潮记录,应用傅氏变换方法对月均潮序列先做离散傅氏变换,并将周期小于４ａ的波动幅设为零,再进行反傅氏变换,以消除小于４ａ的周期波动对确定海平面变化趋势的影响,最后由低通序列一元线性回归分析确定穆江口各站的海平面变化趋势。     

THE GEOGRAPHY OF URBAN COMMUTING FIELDS: SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM NEW ENGLAND

Cities have become increasingly interdependent. Yet we continue to think of the urban landscape in terms of mutually exclusive, monocentric regions. Data from New England suggest a richer, overlapping geography of metropolitan-area commuting fields. New ways of conceptualizing flow-based systems are needed to understand urban settlement patterns better.