火成碳酸岩Sm-Nd等时线定年技术

选取庙垭铌-稀土矿床中5件新鲜的碳酸岩样品,依据内部等时线法原理,依次采用醋酸、王水、氢氟酸对其进行分步溶解,并分别对其醋酸溶解相、王水溶解相、氢氟酸溶解相和全岩进行了Sm-Nd 同位素组成分析。结果显示不同溶解相之间147Sm/144Nd同位素比值变化全岩之间由0.02 扩大为0.09,5件样品共计17个点拟合获得的等时线年龄为233±12 Ma (MSWD=2.7),其中单件样品的分相Sm-Nd等时线定年结果为235±17 Ma (MSWD=1.4)。这些结果与在该套碳酸岩中的独居石SHRIMP U-Th-Pb 年龄(233.6±1.7 Ma)(Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2014,143: 189 - 206.)、独居石LA-ICP-MS Th-Pb年龄(~240 Ma)以及铌铁矿LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄(232.8±4.5 Ma)(Lithos, 2017, 290 - 291:159 - 171.)在误差范围内基本一致,表明火成碳酸岩分相Sm-Nd定年结果可靠。     

大别山金河桥榴辉岩矿物O—Nd—Pb同位素体系及其对扩散速率的制约

对大别山太湖金河桥超高压榴辉岩作了矿物Sm-Nd内部等时线定年研究和激光氧同位素分析。石榴石+绿辉石Sm-Nd等时线给出了较低年龄210±3Ma,石榴石+金红石Sm-Nd等时线给出了较高年龄237±4Ma。岩相学观察发现,绿辉石具有角闪石退变质边。氧同位素分析表明,石榴石与绿辉石之间的氧同位素体系处于不平衡状态。据此,石榴石+绿辉石Sm-Nd同位素体系因退变质作用导致Nd同位素不平衡而给出不合理偏低年龄。较老的石榴石+金红石Sm-Nd年龄有可能指示了榴辉岩相前期阶段的时代,且在温度变质峰期没有使它们之间的Nd同位素再次均一化,它指示Nd在金红石中的扩散速率较慢,可能与石榴石相当。矿物对氧同位素测温得到,石英—石榴石对温度为695±35℃,石英—金红石对为460±15℃,与根据金红石U—Pb内部等时线估计的Pb扩散封闭温度470±50℃一致。对比表明,O在石榴石中的扩散速率与Nd相当或略低,而O和Pb在金红石中的扩散速率相近,且均比Nd快。     

贵州低温热液型汞、锑、金矿床成矿谱系——以晴隆大厂、兴仁紫木凼和铜仁乱岩塘为例

贵州是我国低温热液型汞、锑、金矿的重要产区,但对其成矿时代一直存在不同看法.本次研究采用Sm-Nd同位素等时线法对晴隆大厂锑矿、兴仁紫木凼金矿和铜仁乱岩塘汞矿区的萤石、方解石分别进行了同位素年代学的研究,结果表明晴隆大厂锑矿中的方解石(Sm-Nd等时线年龄为148±13 Ma,钕初始值为0.512256)和萤石(Sm-...     

华北克拉通南缘太古—元古宙界线安沟群火山岩的年龄及地球化学

河南登封地区登封群和安沟群记录了华北克拉通南缘太古宙—元古宙界线两侧地层较完整的演化历史.Kr?ner et al.(1988)曾获得登封群顶部老羊沟组变英安岩中锆石的SHRIMP年龄为(2 512±12)Ma.本研究获得不整合覆盖在登封群之上的安沟群同源双峰式拉斑玄武岩和英安岩7个样品全岩Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄为(2 507± 96)Ma, MSWD=6.3, 初始143Nd/144Nd=0.509 560±0.000 093, ε_Nd(2.5 Ga)=3.27±1.82.上述年龄制约了登封群顶部长英质火山岩与安沟群底部的双峰火山岩之间的年龄相差最多应不超过113 Ma.安沟群演化程度较低的拉斑玄武岩La/Nb比值为0.66~ 1.14, 与软流圈地幔的比值接近, 而明显不同于岛弧玄武岩(La/Nb < 2.0).结合安沟群火山岩的双峰特征, 这些说明太古宙末或元古宙初期至少华北克拉通南缘已进入陆内裂谷伸展环境.      

SHRIMP Ion Microprobe Zircon U—Pb Age and Sm—Nd Isotopic Characteristics oof the NE Jiangxi Ophiolite and Its Tectonic Implications

The new SHRIMP zircon U-Pb isotopic study suggests that the crystallization age of a highly fractionated magma in the NE Jiangxi ophiolite suite is 968±23 Ma. Re-calculated Sm-Nd isochron age of 955±44 Ma is within analytical errors. consistent with the zircon U-Pb age. With the exception of two anomalous Sm-Nd data, the remaining 15 analyses so far obtained for the ophiolite gave^εNd (T) values falling into a limited range from +4.3 to +6.7, indicating that the ophiolite was derived from a relatively strongly depleted mantle source. Sm-Nd isotopic systematics in some samples may have been strongly affected by post-magmatic events, such as alteration, deformation and metamorphism, resulting in anomalous^εNd (T) values. Combined with published⁴⁰Ar³⁹Ar age data, it can be concluded that the collision between the Yangtze and South China Blocks occurred during 0.97-0.80 Ga. This work was financially supported by the President Grant of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

金沙江中段元古宙变质岩的Sm-Nd同位素年龄报道

金沙江中段的古老变质岩由多期变质的元古宙变质岩石单元组成。利用Sm-Nd同位素方法获得了雄松群二云母片岩全岩同位素等时线年龄1594Ma和1723Ma、2011Ma两组模式年龄。前者代表了成岩年龄,后者代表金沙江中段地层的基底年龄,这与金沙江流域乃至整个华南地壳最初形成的年龄十分相似。表明,川西、藏东地区雄松群变质岩可能属于华南地壳的组成部分。其形成时间应在早元古代或更早的时期内。     

东昆仑东端扎那合惹地区元古宙蛇绿岩

扎那合惹地区元古宙蛇绿岩由超镁铁质堆晶岩组成，堆晶岩岩石化学成分、矿物组成变化较大。痕量元素、稀土元素表现出富集不相容元素的特征，而Nd同位素地球化学特征显示其源于亏损的地幔源区。超镁铁质堆晶岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄为1480±3Ma，与之紧密伴生的榴闪岩40Ar／39Ar坪年龄为（881.8±4.7）Ma（石榴石）和（852.2±1.0）Ma（角闪石），分别代表了古昆中洋扩张及俯冲消减的时限。     

Direct Isotope Dating of W(−Y) Mineralization at Kyzyltau (Mongolian Altai): Preliminary Results

Absolute ages of granite magmatism, as well as of tungsten mineralization, are poorly constrained in the Mongolian Altai and adjacent areas. There are no reports focusing on special isotopic investigations of the tungsten deposits. For the deposits in the Achit nuur and the Zagaan-Shibetin tectonic zones, two concepts that are discussed in the literature assume Paleozoic or Mesozoic ages for mineralization and related granite magmatism. We report the first results of a combined Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotope investigation of rocks and vein minerals of the Ulaan uul tungsten deposit at Kyzyltau; the results suggest Paleozoic ages for vein mineralization and for albitization of the host granite. The Sm-Nd isotope system, and the structure of vein minerals used for isotopic dating, were only slightly affected by late alteration processes. Sm-Nd mineral isochrons for wolframite and fluorite from the veins define an age of 303 ± 17 Ma (MSWD = 1.8, εNd = +0.9 ± 0.2). The Rb-Sr isotope system of the vein-hosting granite was strongly influenced by alteration processes. The Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron (282.2 ± 2.4 Ma, Sr_i = 0.70667 ± 0.00032, MSWD = 0.53) is interpreted as a mixing line and the age so defined has no direct geological meaning. Nevertheless, using Rb-Sr model ages and data on the degree of alteration of the samples, an age somewhat below 316 Ma can be estimated for albitization of the vein-hosting granite. This age estimation is in good agreement with the Sm-Nd isochron age for the vein mineralization. High εNd values obtained for wolframite and fluorite from the ore veins indicate an important role for material derived from the upper mantle in the ore formation processes.     

海南岛屯昌玄武质科马提岩Sm-Nd同位素年龄及其地质意义

海南岛屯昌玄武质科马提岩成岩时代一直未获解决。作者利用Sm-Nd同位素法测试了5件样品,获得岩石Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄1687±10Ma,及与其相近的Nd模式年龄1637-1756Ma。同时获得了钕同位素初始比值I_Nd=0.510796±0.000006(2σ),ε_Nd(T)=+6.64。表明玄武质科马提岩结晶年龄为古元古代(1687Ma),反映了海南岛在古元古时期的壳-幔分异与地壳增生的重要过程。     

Sm–Nd and Sr isotope systematics of scheelite from the giant Au(–W) deposit Muruntau (Uzbekistan): implications for the age and sources of Au mineralization

The application of the Sm-Nd isotope system of scheelite to dating of low-sulfide, quartz-vein hosted Au mineralization is still under discussion. In the present work, new Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr data for scheelite from the giant Muruntau/Myutenbai Au deposit (Kyzylkum, Western Uzbekistan) are discussed. Based on the geological relationship, mineralogical properties, and trace element characteristics, two types of scheelite can be distinguished within the deposit. The first one is represented by early bluish luminescent and weakly coloured scheelite (generation 1) found within strongly deformed flat quartz veins. The apparent isochron defined by this scheelite (351ᆪ Ma) is interpreted as a mixing line. Typically brownish to orange and yellowish luminescent scheelite from steeply dipping veins (generation 2) defines a Sm-Nd isochron age of 279ᆦ Ma ()_Nd=-9.5ǂ.3; MSWD: 1.5). No evidence for mixing or disturbance by late alteration were found for these scheelites. This Sm-Nd isochron age agrees with the Rb-Sr and K-Ar age range for wall rock alteration in this deposit reported previously. The age of 280 Ma is interpreted to date the high-grade ore formation in the Muruntau deposit. There are currently no reliable age data available on the magmatic events in the Muruntau region. Probably, there is some overlap in time of the Hercynian gold deposition with the intrusion of lamprophyric dykes. The Nd and Sr isotopic signatures of scheelite define the wall rocks (mainly metasiltstones and metasandstones) as the most probable sources for these elements in scheelite.     

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd Mineral Isochron Ages of the Metamorphic Rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic studies were carried out for metamorphic rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa. The metamorphic rocks give the Rb-Sr mineral isochron ages (whole-rock - biotite - felsic fractions) of 844±85 Ma and 811.6±6.6 Ma for the lower granulite zone and of 776.5±5.4 Ma for the upper granulite zone. The rocks yield the Sm-Nd mineral isochron ages of 1071±18 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) and 1067±158 Ma (whole-rock - hornblende - biotite rich fraction - felsic fractions) for the lower granulite zone and of 1052.0±3.6 Ma and 1002.5±1.4 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) for the upper granulite zone. These age data suggest that the granulite facies metamorphism took place at 1060-1000 Ma, and that the rocks cooled down at 850-780 Ma. The Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of metamorphic rocks are different between the lower and upper granulite zones.     

云南苍山变质带前寒武纪正变质岩的邓尚贤地球化学特征及其形成时代

元素地球化学研究结果表明，苍山变质带内发育两类正变质基性岩：一类为形成于富集型MORB构造环境的变拉斑玄武岩，另一类为形成于板内构造环境的变碱性玄武质岩墙，Sm-Nd同位素体系研究表明，变拉斑玄武岩形成于晚古元古代至中元古代（2．0－1．4G a );变碱性玄武质岩墙形成于中新元古代（1．3－0．8Ga)，已发表的Sm-Nd等时线年龄（2408Ma)其Sm/Nd比植变化很小，故没有实际的地质意义。     

云南马厂箐斑岩型铜—钼—金矿床40Ar 39Ar年龄及地质意义

马厂箐矿集区铜、钼、金矿化之间的关系对于认识该矿床的成矿作用过程及地质勘查具有重要意义。利用40Ar-39Ar同位素定年方法对乱硐山矿段夕卡岩型铜钼金矿化和人头箐矿段蚀变岩型金矿石中热液白云母进行同位素定年,得到夕卡岩化矿石中白云母样品(B119)40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为35.25±0.36Ma,等时线年龄为35.0±1.8Ma,反等时线年龄为34.8±1.9Ma。蚀变岩型金矿化矿石中白云母样品(B118)40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为35.35±0.32Ma,等时线年龄为34.44±0.99Ma,反等时线年龄为34.4±1.2Ma。这与正长斑岩(35.6±0.3Ma)、花岗斑岩(35.0±0.2Ma)、斑岩型铜钼矿化成矿年龄(35.8±1.6Ma)和(33.9±1.1Ma)较为一致,显示马厂箐铜钼金矿床与正长(斑)岩+二长(斑)岩+花岗斑岩+斑状花岗岩岩性组合有关,铜钼金成矿属于同一个构造—岩浆—成矿系统的产物。     

U-Pb zircon and Sm—Nd geochronology of mafic and ultramafic rocks from the central part of the Tauern Window (eastern Alps)

Geochronological and geochemical analyses were carried out in order to identify the pre-Variscan basement of the Tauern Window (eastern Alps). Maficultramafic rocks from the central part of the Tauern window have been studied by REE-analysis and U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic analyses on whole rock, zircons, garnets and sphene. U-Pb and Sm—Nd zircon dating define both magmatic Pan-African and Cambro-Ordovician events from 650 Ma to 486 Ma within the Alpine fold belt. This indicates a time span of 150 Ma for magmatic activities in the Tauern Window of the eastern Alps. The ages of 657 Ma (U-Pb zircon) and 644 (Sm—Nd zireon) obtained from an amphibolite are the oldest dates of the Eastern Alps; they may be related to the Pan-African orogeny, and imply an early cycle of magmatic intrusion before major activity started at around 500 Ma. Sm-Nd whole rock analyses of the Precambrian rocks do not define an isochron, reflecting heterogenities within the mantle source. The initial _Nd values (+1.2 to +4.7) are very low, implying an enrichment of the magma source. The second main phase of magmatic activity (539 486 Ma) is characterized by the emplacement of mafic/ultramafic rock sequences. As no ophiolitic relies are observed in these domains, the Early Paleozoic magmatism was likely associated with extensional tectonics. Obtained ages of 301±3 and 314+4/-3 Ma point to a Variscan metamorphism. The first combined U-Pb zircon/Sm—Nd zircon data for an amphibolite from the Basal Amphibolite Formation (BAF) favoured the Sm-Nd zircon isochron age as a magmatic age, whereas the low initial _Nd value point to an enriched magma source as well as to heterogenities within the magma source. The obtained ages suggest that parts of the pre-Variscan basement within the Alpine fold belt were formed during the Pan-Africa cycle. The detection of Pre-Variscan ages within the Alpine basement must reffect a complex history involving significant pre-Variscan activity.     

贵州织金含稀土磷矿床的Sm-Nd同位素年龄及其地质意义

为探讨贵州织金含稀土磷矿床的形成时间和成矿物源, 利用Sm-Nd同位素稀释法对该矿床磷块岩中6个小壳化石及胶磷矿样品进行了年龄测定.样品的质谱分析测试结果显示, 样品的147Sm/144Nd与143Nd/144Nd构成了一条相关性良好的线性等时线; 计算结果表明织金含稀土磷矿床具有533±22Ma的Sm-Nd等时年龄, ε_Nd (t) 值为-2.44~-2.77, 表明它们具有相同的成因和相近的形成时代, 本次测得年龄代表着真实的成矿年龄; 二阶段Nd的模式年龄为1313~1338Ma.结合前人对该矿床稀土元素地球化学的研究成果表明, 织金含稀土磷矿床的成矿物源有新生地幔物质组分的加入.      

Pb and Nd isotopic study of two archean komatiitic flows from Alexo,Ontario

Isotopic analysis of two Archean komatiitic flows from Alexo, Ontario, gives a Pb-Pb isochron age of 2690 ± 15 Ma and a Sm-Nd isochron age of 2752 ± 87 Ma. These ages agree well with U-Pb zircon ages from underlying and overlying volcanics. The variations in element ratios that define the isochrons were not produced during crystallization of the lavas. The spread in U/Pb was caused by submarine alteration soon after eruption, and the spread in Sm/Nd resulted from (a) differences in the composition of the residue of melting, and (b) contamination of the upper komatiite flow through thermal erosion of the lower flow.The ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd ratio of uncontaminated komatiite is 0.25 which reflects the depleted nature of its mantle source. The Th/U ratio of about 3.4 is probably also representative of depleted mantle. The initial ?_Nd of +2.44 ± 0.51 indicates that the mantle depletion took place long before magma formation.     

四顶黑山镁铁质—超镁铁质岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄及其意义

四顶黑山岩体主要由超镁铁质岩和镁铁质岩组成。超镁铁质岩由橄榄岩、角闪橄榄岩、辉橄岩、辉石岩等组成;镁铁质岩由辉长岩、角闪辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩等组成。本次对辉长岩进行了全岩Sm-Nd同位素分析,得到的等时线年龄为327±9.0Ma,初始εNd（t）=＋3.97,表明镁铁质—超镁铁质岩中辉长岩形成于早石炭世末。属于富集地幔向亏损地幔过渡类型。这一年龄的确定,为探讨北山—天山结合部晚古生代镁铁质—超镁铁质岩的成因机制和该区的区域地质演化提供了有效的年代学依据。     

南秦岭中,新元古代地层划分对比新认识

在运用板块动力学模式研究晚前寒武纪地层划分对比问题的基础上,根据南秦岭构造带区域地质的实际情况,提出在中、新元古代南秦岭曾经历了晋宁期造山作用和澄江期裂解作用两次重大构造事件,它们控制了区内不同岩石建造的形成和时,空分布,据此对区域内中,新元古代地层的划分对比提出了新的认识。     

扬子陆块庙湾蛇绿岩中橄榄岩的同位素年代学及其构造意义

扬子陆核崆岭高级变质地体内出露一套强变形的基性-超基性岩岩石组合, 主要呈似层状、透镜状分布于崆岭群中, 该套变基性-超基性岩组合对扬子陆块早期构造演化过程具有重要意义.通过同位素稀释法(isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry, 简称ID-TIMS)获得该套岩石组合中蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩全岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄为1063±12Ma, 说明Sm-Nd同位素体系可用于对超低含量、发生强蚀变作用的超基性岩样品进行定年.样品Nd同位素组成相对均一(ε_Nd(t)值为6.90~7.32), 表明形成于封闭体系中, 其对应Nd同位素两阶段模式年龄为1.13~1.09Ga, 与形成年龄接近, 说明来自亏损软流圈地幔部分熔融.结合区域上已有的中元古代末期到新元古代早期构造岩浆事件研究, 认为在该时期扬子陆块可能由多个微陆块组成, 就扬子陆核而言, 其与扬子陆块西侧之间很可能存在分隔的大洋.      

Age and source material of the Kingash ultramafic-mafic massif,East Sayan

The REE distribution patterns and Nd whole-rock and mineral isotope ratios of the Kingash ultramafic-mafic massif enabled us to propose a multistage history for its evolution at 1410 and 875 Ma. These stages reflect the magmatic evolution of the Siberian paleocontinent margin during the Late Precambrian. The age of metamorphism of the massif during collision and accretion in the Early Paleozoic (∼500 Ma) was obtained based on a Sm-Nd mineral isochron from rheomorphic veined albitite. The Nd and Sr isotopic compositions of rocks from the Kingash massif suggest mantle sources for picritic and basic magmas, which are thought to have originated by mixing of different proportions of depleted (PREMA or DM) and enriched (EM) melts. The initial isotope ratios of the parental melts transformed during interaction with Sr-rich material from the host metasedimentary complexes.