Protected areas in Saudi Arabia: Sustainable use of natural resources

The present paper reviews the conservation movement in Saudi Arabia as measured against the established protected areas, as well as the basic philosophy regarding natural resource management. The degree of representation of the biophysical diversity of Saudi Arabia in the established protected areas is discussed by using three areas as case studies: Harrat Al-Harrah (lava field), Urug Bani Mu'arid (Cuesta and Sand), and Raydah Escarpment (High Mountain).     

SIMSAG: Integrated computer system for use in evaluation of mineral and energy resources

A system of interactive graphic computer programs for multivariate statistical analysis of geoscience data (SIMSAG)has been developed to facilitate the construction of statistical models to evaluate potential mineral and energy resources from geoscience data. The system provides an integrated interactive package for graphic display, data management, and multivariate statistical analysis. It is specifically designed to analyze and display spatially distributed information which includes the geographic locations of observations. SIMSAG enables the users not only to perform several different types of multivariate statistical analysis but also to display the data selected or the results of analyses in map form. In the analyses of spatial data, graphic displays are particularly useful for interpretation, because the results can be easily compared with known spatial characteristics of the data. The system also permits the user to modify variables and select subareas imposed by cursor. All operations and commands are performed interactively via a graphic computer terminal. A case study is presented as an example. It consists of the construction of a statistical model for evaluating potential areas for explorations of uranium from geological, geophysical, geochemical, and mineral occurrence map data quantified for equalarea cells in Kasmere Lake area in Manitoba, Canada.     

The importance of applied Quaternary geology for planning of land use and natural resources

Book reviewed in this article:
De Mulder, F. J. & Hageman, B. P. (eds.) 1989: Applied Quaternary Research     

自然资源分类现状与面向未来的统一分类研究

科学合理地划分自然资源类型是实现自然资源统一管理的基础,也是开展自然资源统一调查监测工作的前提。在分析研究国内外自然资源概念与内涵的基础上,系统梳理已有自然资源分类体系,通过研究认为,围绕自然资源的属性、分布、用途等特征进行的分类依然是国际上采用的主流分类方式,自然资源分类与资源管理联系越发紧密,服务实践管理的分类是目前各国较实用的分类形式,中国自然资源分类正在向理论与实践、学理与管理相结合的统一分类发展。面对中国当前及未来自然资源统一管理的新需求,以地球系统科学为理论指导,探索性地提出自然资源统一分类的原则与思路,初步建立了8个一级类和34个二级类的自然资源分类系统,以期为中国自然资源统一管理提供参考。     

地质环境问题的地质指标体系框架及其构建方法

面对复杂、多变、脆弱的地质环境和不断加剧的人类工程经济活动,急需建立面向多种地质环境问题的地质指 标体系。针对中国地质环境工作现状,借鉴国际地质指标工作组最新的成果和经验,对地质指标的定义、内涵进行了 修订和拓展,创建了包括调查指标体系（影响指标、状态指标、后果指标）和监测指标体系（压力指标、状态指标、 响应指标）的地质指标体系框架,并建立了从面向单一地质环境问题的地质指标体系的构建思路、实际范例,到面向 一个国家或地区的地质指标体系的构建步骤,为地质指标的创建、完善和应用指明了方向。     

地质环境质量评价的态势分析法

探讨了将SWOT态势分析法应用于地质环境质量评价中的具体步骤。通过长江江苏段过江隧道工程的地质环境质量等级评价的实例,从地质体本身的优势、劣势,外部条件的有利(机会)、不利(威胁)等4个方面对评价对象进行全面、系统、准确的研究,最后得出地质环境质量的评价等级。     

地质环境容量评价指标初步研究

首先分析了地质环境的特殊性以及它与人类活动相互作用的关系,指出地质环境具有三个基本要素,讨论了地质环境容量的涵义,它可以由三个指标进行评定,即：地质环境的地质结构与状态改变的最大忍受程度（临界值）、地质资源阈限量、有害物的阈限值。     

自然资源分类体系探讨

从自然资源管理要求、自然资源相关立法分类入手,以自然资源空间为基础,以“自然资源属性与功能并重、与国家法律相衔接、与以往专业调查成果对接”为分类原则,探索性地建立了土地资源、湿地资源、草地资源、海域海岛资源、水资源、森林资源、矿产资源等7类资源以空间分布为基础的一级分类体系,以自然资源属性和功能划定相结合的二级分类体系,以与第三次全国国土调查分类结果相对接的三级分类体系.     

Romania's water resources and their use

In relation to population Romania's water supplies are quite modest. They are provided by the rivers, which meet 89% of the present demand (48% from the Danube and 41% from the interior rivers), and by the underground sources which account for 11%. Mean specific runoff is 4.57 1/sec. km² but there are significant variations through both space and time. The factors responsible for both maximum and minimum runoff are discussed and particular reference is made to the floods of 1970. Load and turbidity levels are also discussed. Underground water sources are described and a review of demand gives particular attention to hydroelectricity and water transport. Principles for future management of water supplies are summarised in conclusion.     

海洋自然资源分类体系探究

系统科学的海洋自然资源分类是海洋自然资源管理和综合调查的基本要求,是完善我国自然资源分类体系的重要工作手段,是自然资源部统筹管理全国范围内自然资源的理论基础。通过梳理总结国内外自然资源体系研究进展,基于我国基本国情,以自然资源科学和地球系统科学理论为指导,面向自然资源综合管理为基本原则,结合资源自然属性和国家相关法律法规,初步提出了涉及多学科、多门类的海洋自然资源三级分类体系,划分6个海洋自然资源一级类,以及相应的27个二级类和27个三级类; 并针对海洋自然资源综合调查的内容和基本要求,基于分类体系对海洋自然资源综合调查工作提出了相关建议,以期为生态文明建设和海洋经济高质量发展提供理论支撑。     

全国矿山地质环境调查与综合评估技术方法探讨

就全国矿山地质环境调查与评估的技术方法进行了探讨。介绍了矿山地质环境调查的内容、技术路线和工作方法,在调查数据的基础上提出了矿山地质环境影响评估的指标体系和方法,并结合6省的矿山地质环境调查数据,按照不同的矿类对采矿造成的矿山地质环境影响进行了分区评估,为下一步开展全国矿山地质环境调查综合研究及成果集成奠定了基础。     

The natural resources development debate in Canada

The current debate concerning natural resources developed in Canadais examined against the background of population distribution, electoral distribution, variations in regional economies, foreign investment, federal versus provincial jurisdiction over resources, and the demands for constitutional reform. These have resulted in an essential division between the resource producing regions of the west and, to a lesser extent the extreme east, and the resource consuming region in the centre. After establishing the context for resource development, the paper goes on to assess the debate as it has evolved with respect to offshore fishery resources on the Atlantic Coast, potash in Saskatchewan and petroleum and natural gas in the western provinces.     

世界天然铀资源、勘查及生产状况

国际铀价自2003年开始一路攀升,之后于2007年中旬开始下滑,受此影响,近期世界铀资源、勘查和生产发生了新的变化。在综合近几期＂红皮书＂和相关资料的基础上,介绍了近年世界铀资源和生产情况,分别介绍九大铀生产国的铀资源、勘查和生产活动。     

Integrated, watershed-based management for sustainable water resources

Water scarcity is a becoming a critical issue globally, driven largely by the demands of an exponentially growing human population and complicated by the impacts of climate change on the amounts and distribution of precipitation. It is also due to mismanagement as scarce water resources are being used simultaneously for irrigation, power generation, public and industrial water supply, flood reduction, and wastewater disposal without consideration of the cumulative impacts to the water resources themselves. This paper outlines eight ecologically based principles and associated guidelines as the basis for integrated and watershed-based management of the world’s water resources.     

全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价机制与方法研究

本文采用对比分析与归纳分析法,在明确全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价机制定位的基础上,充分借鉴和参考现有相关考核评价制度的设计思路,围绕“考核谁、谁来考、怎么考、考什么、结果怎么定、结果怎么用”等关键问题,从考核评价对象和实施主体、考核评价方式和实施、考核评价结果应用、考核评价内容和指标体系构建、考核评价结果评定方法等方面,提出构建全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价机制和方法的思路,为推进生态文明建设和自然资源资产产权制度改革提供支撑。     

Regional geologic environs and natural resources of Badia Sector, Jordan

 This paper summarizes the information on the geology and natural resources of the Jordan Badia Research and Development Programme. The research focused on the issue of the environment in arid lands as an aid to provide practical options for sustainable development. This paper presents results of field studies in the following areas related to the sustainable development of the Safawi area in the northern Jordan Badia; geomorphology, including landform, soil, lands, processes and hazards, geology and physical resources and surface water hydrology. Tertiary-Quaternary continental basalt flows and tuffs cover approximately 11 000 km², the majority of the Safawi area. In addition to extensive basalt lava flows, the programme area includes a variety of geological outcrops and potential sources of economic products that include the following: Tuff/Scoria, Zeolite/Olivine, Porcellanite, potential sources of aggregate/construction materials, ornamental stone, building stone, basalt for manufacturing of rock wool, and materials suitable for producing lightweight aggregate. The whole of the eastern Badia exhibits major fault systems, many of which were identified from Landsat TM images. The system of wadis which drains the Badia is extensive, with the general flow from the north to the south and south-west. A noticeable geomorphic surficial deposit occuring throughout much of the Badia is fine-grained, water-lain sediments that vary in size and character. The local designation for the fine sediment deposits is Qaa. An MSS scene for the area under consideration has been studied. Twelve major geomorphic subdivisions or zones can be identified. Individual land system units have been identified by traversing the programme area. Key sites have been visited based on Landsat TM image interpretation. To a large extent, key areas were subdivided after their initial identification on the Landsat scene and corroboration in the field. The surface drainage of the Badia region can be broadly divided into wadi systems, areas of distinct channelized flow, and Qaa, predominantly fine-grained sedimentary basins of low relief. Spatial variability in infiltration rates across the wadi-Qaa system were determined from field experiments. Infiltration rates were found to be medium-high in the wadi channels but decrease rapidly for the Qaa materials. Apparently runoff from wadi side slopes will be high, and water storage occurs along the wadi channels while ponding occurs in the Qaa areas. Received: 13 March 1997 · Accepted: 13 January 1998