共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Wu Li Chen Jianping Engineering Faculty China University of Geosciences Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(2)
INTRODUCTIONInjointedandfracturedrockmasses ,itisoftendifficulttoachieveasmoothfractureplanebetweenblastedholes.McKown(1984)indicatedthatwhentheanglebetweenrockstructuralplanesandtheblast inducedplaneislessthan 6 0°,itisdifficulttoachieveasmooth blastingsurf… 相似文献
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Analysis of Critical Excavation Depth for a Jointed Rock Slope Using a Face-to-Face Discrete Element Method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary The critical excavation depth of a jointed rock slope is an important problem in rock engineering. This paper studies the
critical excavation depth for two idealized jointed rock slopes by employing a face-to-face discrete element method (DEM).
The DEM is based on the discontinuity analysis which can consider anisotropic and discontinuous deformations due to joints
and their orientations. It uses four lump-points at each surface of rock blocks to describe their interactions. The relationship
between the critical excavation depth D
s
and the natural slope angle α, the joint inclination angle θ as well as the strength parameters of the joints c
r
,φ
r
is analyzed, and the critical excavation depth obtained with this DEM and the limit equilibrium method (LEM) is compared.
Furthermore, effects of joints on the failure modes are compared between DEM simulations and experimental observations. It
is found that the DEM predicts a lower critical excavation depth than the LEM if the joint structures in the rock mass are
not ignored. 相似文献
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主要介绍了在Ⅱ、Ⅲ类围岩中施工城市浅埋隧道的施工技术,以“短开挖、快封闭、强支护、勤量测”为指导,将隧道分成上、下两个台阶进行开挖,及时进行初期支护,保证施工始终处于安全状态。 相似文献
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应用PLAXIS 2D/3D有限元分析软件,对某黄土洞室进行了二维、三维分步掘进、三维一次掘进等工况的弹塑性有限元分析,研究分析了不同工况下洞室围岩位移的变化规律,并对掌子面的空间效应进行了分析。分析结果表明,二维与三维分步计算的最终位移基本一致,可以用二维的计算结果来估算洞室开挖的最终位移。三维分步掘进的分析表明,不同埋深的洞室其位移比的变化规律基本一致,当L/B<1时(L为掘进深度,B为洞室跨度),位移比呈线性增加;当L/B>1时,位移比呈非线性增加;当L/B>3时,其最大位移接近最终位移。掌子面的空间效应分析表明,在掌子面处的位移约为最终位移的1/3,距掌子面0.5倍跨度处的位移约为最终位移的2/3,距掌子面2.5倍跨度处的位移基本达到了最终位移。 相似文献
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Effect of Surcharge on the Stability of Anchored Rock Slope with Water Filled Tension Crack under Seismic Loading Condition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. K. Shukla S. Khandelwal V. N. Verma N. Sivakugan 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2009,27(4):529-538
In this paper, an analytical expression is derived for the factor of safety of the rock slope incorporating most of the practically
occurring destabilizing forces as well as the external stabilizing force through an anchoring system. The slope stability
is analyzed as a two-dimensional problem, considering a slice of unit thickness through the slope and assuming negligible
resistance to sliding at the lateral boundaries of the sliding block. A detailed parametric study is presented to investigate
the effect of surcharge on the stability of the rock slope for practical ranges of governing parameters such as inclination
of the slope face, inclination of the failure plane, depth of tension crack, depth of water in tension crack, shear strength
parameters of the material at the failure plane, unit weight of rock, stabilizing force and its inclination, and seismic load.
For the range of parameters considered in the present study, it is found that the factor of safety of the rock slope decreases
with increase in surcharge; the rate of decrease being relatively higher for lower values of surcharge. It is also observed
that for a specific surcharge, the factor of safety depends significantly on all other parameters, except for unit weight
of rock and higher values of inclination of stabilizing force to the normal at the failure plane. For any combination of these
variables, the surcharge plays a vital role in the stability. A perfectly stable slope at relatively low surcharge can become
unsafe with the increase in surcharge. The deterioration in the stability can be quite rapid, depending on the combination
of the factors under consideration. The analysis and the general expression proposed herein can be used to carry out a quantitative
assessment of the stability of the rock slopes. 相似文献
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动荷载作用下冻结兰州黄土的动应变幅变化特征研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
采用分级循环正弦荷载模拟车辆振动, 通过动三轴试验对冻土的动应变幅进行了研究. 结果表明: 对于频率为0.1 Hz的前5级加载和频率≥0.5 Hz的各级加载作用下的动应变幅, 可以采用等价应变幅描述每一级动荷载作用下的动应变幅. 存在一个临界频率(约为7 Hz), 当加载频率小于该临界频率时, 等价应变幅变化复杂; 当加载频率大于该临界频率时, 等价应变幅随加载级数基本保持不变. 当加载频率≥0.5 Hz时,不同加载级数下等价应变幅随加载频率的增大而减小. 围压对等价应变幅影响较小; 当频率≤0.5 Hz时, -0.5 ℃条件下的等价应变幅略大于-1.0 ℃条件下的等价应变幅; 当频率>0.5 Hz时, 不同温度下的等价应变幅近似相等. 相似文献
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Dynamic Analysis of Underground Openings 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Summary Stability analysis of the underground openings under earthquake induced dynamic loads has been carried out for the four underground openings, which exist at Koyna H.E Project, Koyna, India. Vertical and horizontal displacements, maximum compressive and tensile stresses occurring in the vicinity of these openings have been computed and are compared vis-à-vis the values obtained from the static analysis. A reasonably good agreement between the results has been noted. The minimum major principal stresses (tensile), which exist only in the vicinity of the underground openings, when static analysis is conducted are noted to spread over the entire rock mass when dynamic analysis is performed. The study presents a methodology, which can be used for checking the stability of the underground openings, under seismic loading conditions. 相似文献
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Huang Lixing 《岩土力学》1989,10(1):53-60
Fracture mechanism, initiation and propagation of cracks, and the control method of cracks in rock like brittle material under dynamic load are described in this paper. 相似文献
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用声波参数确定岩石加载破坏过程的不同阶段 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文研究了岩石在单轴和真三轴加载的破坏过程与声波参数及动力学参数之间的关系。在单轴和三轴压缩实验中,通过测量纵横波速度和振幅的变化,有效地判断岩石加载和结构的变化情况,确定岩石加载破坏过程中的几个阶段,实现对岩石破裂前兆的预测。本文还研究了三轴压缩实验中中间主应力σ_2的改变对声波速度和振幅变化曲线的影响。 相似文献
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为研究综合管廊动力边界条件对地震动力响应的影响,以厦门地区的代表性土层为例,建立动力有限元数值模型,土体本构采用小应变硬化模型,分别设定固定边界、黏性边界和自由场3种人工边界条件,进行Rayleigh波和地震底部剪切波作用下的场地响应研究;并根据变形特征及拟绝对加速度反应谱(PSA)评价3种边界的有效性,提出综合管廊地震动力分析的优化动力边界组合方法。研究表明:在地震波(底部水平加速度时程)及Rayleigh波的作用下,由于考虑了黏性边界对外行波的吸收,但未考虑地震动的输入问题及边界外半无限介质的弹性恢复性能,边界会对模型内部土体的水平位移产生限制作用,使得场地内水平位移响应偏小,而采用自由场边界则基本不存在这种限制作用,表现出强烈的振荡;采用激励侧固定边界、远离激励侧黏性边界、其余侧自由场边界的优化组合动力边界,在Rayleigh波和底部加速度时程共同作用下,二者引起的动力响应交叉干扰较少,可按线性叠加处理;同时,黏性边界对地震波引起的动力响应有一定范围的吸收,自由场边界对Rayleigh波引起的动力响应也有一定范围的变形限制影响。研究成果可供地下综合管廊结构地震响应精细化数值模拟及抗震设计参考。 相似文献
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岩体在加,卸荷条件下破坏效应的对比分析 总被引:39,自引:3,他引:39
在岩体加、卸荷试验研究的基础上,从应力-应变关系、强度特性、声发射及破坏特征等方面,对岩体在加、卸荷条件下的破坏特性进行对比分析。结果表明:同类型的岩体在相同的主差应力作用下,卸荷产生的扩容量比加荷的更大;卸荷破坏的强度比加荷的更低;卸荷产生的声发射率比加荷的更高;加荷下岩体易呈剪切破坏特征,而卸荷下岩体常呈张剪复合型破坏特征。 相似文献
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冻融循环作用下节理岩体锚固性能退化机理和模式 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
岩土锚固的长期性能和耐久性是当前岩土工程界普遍关注的热点问题,也是影响锚固工程长期安全性的关键问题之一。节理岩体存在不同尺度、程度的损伤和缺陷,为地下水的存储和运移提供场所和通道。当达到孔隙水和裂隙水的冻结温度时,岩体中产生冻胀,并伴随着水分迁移,影响锚固系统的锚固性能,在冻融循环作用下,引起锚固系统长期性能和耐久性的退化。依据孔隙介质的冻结理论,建立了砂浆、岩石、砂浆-钢筋和砂浆岩石接触面静水压力学模型,分析其冻结机理。在总结岩石冻融损伤劣化研究成果基础上,深入系统地分析了节理岩体锚固系统的冻融损伤劣化机理及其影响因素,并建立冻融循环作用下节理岩体锚固性能退化的6种模式及其数学模型。 相似文献