新疆地震应急救援快速制图研究

针对地震发生初期地震现场情势不明朗、交通状况不清等问题,利用遥感数据、基础地理数据、社会经济数据及由本地化模型计算的地震影响场,在快速成图软件及辅助决策软件的支持下,实现地震应急救援专题地图快速制作,解决了新疆之前地震应急制图存在的时效性差、规范性低、内容针对性不强等问题,为新疆地震应急决策和灾后救助提供及时有效的信息支撑。     

青海省地震应急基础数据管理初探

以青海省地震应急基础数据建设情况为背景,简要介绍省级地震应急基础数据管理的建设过程,在此基础上对青海省地震应急基础数据进行思考,针对地震应急数据存在的问题提出建议。     

新疆尼勒克、巩留县交界6.0级地震测震应急流动台站架设及经验探讨

对新疆尼勒克、巩留交界6.0级地震测震应急流动台站的架设工作进行总结,针对应急流动台站的台址勘选、仪器设备的安装架设形式及数据实时传输等方面进行分析,总结经验,发现不足.期望对今后的地震现场应急流动测震台站的安装架设起到一定的参考作用.     

基于国普数据的芦山县地震应急基础数据更新及其应用研究

通过研究地理国情普查数据和四川省芦山县地震应急基础数据库的数据类型、数据结构及二者间的关系,完成了地理国情普查数据向芦山县地震应急基础数据的转换与更新;并以芦山地震为例,利用城镇地震应急快速评估系统验证了更新后数据的可靠性。     

基于多比例尺技术的南京市地震应急数据库建设

为实现不同比例尺地震应急数据的融合与集成,在分析城市地震应急数据库功能的基础上,设计了基于多比例尺空间数据库技术的南京市地震应急数据库框架。论述了其中不同尺度基础地理信息数据的处理、转换方法,以及多比例尺基础地理信息数据的融合建库方法。接着阐述了地震应急专题数据库的设计和与多尺度基础数据的联接。最后通过开发南京市地震突发事件救灾应急平台,展示了多比例尺应急数据库在地震应急平台中的应用。     

基于Geodatabase面向对象的地震应急数据库的设计与实现——以镇江市为例

地震应急基础数据库是各级应急部门开展应急工作的基础,通过对镇江市地震应急基础数据库设计方法的研究,以实现应急数据库的快速设计和物理实现,为城市应急指挥体系数据不足的问题提供解决方案。研究基于Geodatabase面向对象数据库的建库方法,采用UML设计语言对应急数据库进行逻辑设计,并利用Arc GIS Diagrammer建模工具,实现应急数据库的快速搭建。最终,成功设计并搭建了镇江市地震应急数据库。     

基于应急指挥技术系统的具有影响场的地震专题图绘制

从绘制影响场的常规方法入手,探讨了从应急指挥指挥技术系统中快速提取地震影响场图层的方法。依托地震应急指挥技术系统和新疆应急基础数据,可以做到在地震发生后较短时间内给出相关地震专题图,并且制作成专题图模板,快速生成所需要的图件。与常规方法比较,这种方法具有时间短、烈度范围具有区域性特征等特点,保证了快速、准确提供地震应急基本信息,为地震应急救援工作提供有力的技术保障。     

新疆地震应急卫星网络常见问题处理

从新疆地震局应急卫星网络的实际工作出发,介绍了新疆地震应急卫星网络的构成,运行过程中经常出现的问题,给出了常见问题的解决方案,总结了卫星网络运行维护经验,为应急系统类似设备提供案例以及分析方法。     

海南地震应急技术系统联动一体化实现

海南地震应急指挥技术系统由网络基础平台、地震应急视频系统、应急基础数据和应急评估决策系统构成,重点论述各构成平台在地震应急系统工作中发挥的重要技术支撑作用,以及全省地震应急技术系统联动一体化的工作目标的实现。      

地震应急评估与决策指标体系的构建

地震应急的损失评估与决策工作是地震应急救援的基础,需要在基础数据的支持下,对震害损失和决策目标相关信息进行科学的预估.然而,灾情评估中存在基础数据精度不够高、内容不足、没有一个成体系的、完整的工作标准可遵循等问题.本文从应急决策的需求出发,构建了地震应急评估与决策指标体系,试图利用数据指标化的方法解决上述问题.     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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