四川盐源西范坪斑岩铜矿石英二长斑岩锆石U-Pb同位素定年及其意义

四川盐源西范坪斑岩铜矿处于扬子地块西缘,靠近盐源-丽江坳陷带与甘孜-理塘缝合带的结合部位,该矿区侵入岩体主要为石英二长斑岩组成。西范坪铜矿石英二长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(100.8±0.7)Ma(MSWD=0.2),表明了斑岩侵位时代为早白垩世。石英二长斑岩富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、P),LREE富集、HREE亏损,为高钾准铝质花岗岩。w(Si O2)为64.06%~65.24%,具有高w(Al_2O3)(15.58%~16.55%)、w(Sr)(719×10~(-6)~1221×10~(-6))及Sr/Y比值(49.2~82.5),低w(MgO)(1.30%~1.63%)、w(Yb)(1.08×10~(-6)~1.55×10~(-6))及w(Y)(13.7×10~(-6)~14.8×10~(-6)),Eu异常(0.83~0.90)不明显,轻重稀土分异明显((La/Yb)N=29.94~52.14),具有埃达克岩特征。西范坪埃达克岩富钾贫钠(K_2O/Na_2O=0.78~2.44),低Cr、Ni,高Th、Th/U以及相对低的Sr/Y等特征,表明其为加厚下地壳部分熔融形成。西范坪早白垩世(100.8Ma)地壳增厚作用可能受控于甘孜-理塘洋闭合后的造山运动,该斑岩体为印支期褶皱造山后(200 Ma),喜马拉雅期碰撞造山之前(65 Ma),陆内由挤压向伸展转换期岩浆作用的产物。     

内蒙古大苏计斑岩钼矿床花岗质杂岩年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

内蒙古卓资县大苏计斑岩钼矿化与区内花岗质杂岩(石英斑岩、正长花岗斑岩和花岗斑岩)有密切的成因联系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得石英斑岩、正长花岗斑岩和花岗斑岩的结晶年龄分别为(234±3)Ma、(225±4)Ma和(220±4)Ma。杂岩体富硅(w(SiO_2)=70.37%~78.84%)、富碱(w(Na_2O+K_2O)=4.52%~8.77%),均属高钾钙碱性系列,普遍具有低的w(Na_2O)(0.15%~2.69%)和高的铝指数(ASI介于1.13~3.35)。稀土元素总量介于48.2×10~(-6)~527.0×10~(-6),石英斑岩稀土元素含量(48.2×10~(-6)~83.1×10~(-6))最低,正长花岗斑岩稀土元素含量(272.1×10~(-6)~527.0×10~(-6))最高,花岗斑岩稀土元素含量为162.5×10~(-6)~236.8×10~(-6);杂岩体δEu介于0.15~0.93之间,(La/Yb)N介于3.0~65.5,自正长花岗斑岩、花岗斑岩到石英斑岩,其Eu负异常逐渐増大,而(La/Yb)N逐渐减小。岩体普遍富集Rb、Th、U、K、Nd、Zr、Hf等,强烈亏损Sr、P、Ti等。正长花岗斑岩具有中等Ba、Ta、Nb亏损。石英斑岩和花岗斑岩均属于高分异花岗岩,而正长花岗斑岩属于I型花岗岩。主量、稀土和微量元素特征表明,杂岩体具有后碰撞或后造山花岗岩特征,形成于后碰撞或后造山环境。杂岩体锆石的Hf同位素显示,3种岩石的εHf(t)值介于-21.1~-8.1,二阶段模式年龄tDM2介于1775~2587 Ma。石英斑岩来自于古元古代地壳物质的部分熔融;正长花岗斑岩来自于古元古代晚期地壳物质的部分熔融;花岗斑岩也主要来自于古元古代地壳物质的部分熔融,但有少量新太古代地壳物质参与。     

德兴含铜埃达克质斑岩的地球化学特征、成因及地质意义

德兴斑岩铜矿位于扬子地块江南隆起带东缘,含矿斑岩类型为花岗闪长斑岩。岩石主矿物组合为斜长石(中长石、更长石)+石英+钾长石+角闪石+黑云母,常见副矿物为磁铁矿、磷灰石、榍石、钛铁矿和锆石。斑岩主量元素具有高硅(SiO2=63.59%)、高铝(Al2O3=15.54%)、低镁(MgO=2.2%)的特征,岩石富钾贫钠(K2O=3.06%;Na2O=3.67%),高K2O/Na2O(0.89)比;ALK=6.66%,A/CNK=1.086,σ=2.18,A.R=2.07,显示岩石为弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素特征表现为轻稀土富集(121.81×10-6),重稀土亏损(8.8×10-6),具有较大的LREE/HREE比值(13.93);微量元素表现为富集大离子亲石元素LILE(Rb、Ba、La、Sr)和亏损高场强元素HFSE(Nb、Ta、Y),具低Y(11.21×10-6)和Yb(1.23×10-6)含量特征,有较高Sr/Y(57.29)、La/Yb(28.93)比值,具较高的87Sr/86Sr比值(0.7040),弱的负Eu异常(δEu=0.91),以及负εNd值等特征,表明德兴花岗闪长斑岩为"C"型高钾钙碱性埃达克岩,埃达克岩浆来源于活动陆缘加厚下地壳的部分熔融。     

青藏高原北部查保马组火山岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和地球化学特点及其成因意义

查保马组火山岩位于青藏高原北缘、可可西里东部,为一钾质C型埃达克岩,形成于新近纪中新世(N_1)时期,锆石SHRIMP U-Pb谐和年龄为13.2±0.6～18.3±1.1Ma。火山岩具有SiO_2为59.48%～64.63%,富碱(Na_2O k_2O=7.52%～8.30%),高K_2O(4.21%～4.62%),高MgO(0.76%～2.48%)和高Mg~#值(0.26～0.51),以及钾玄岩系列的岩石地球化学特征。稀土总量非常高(∑REE=482.26×10~(-6)～592.11×10~(-6)),轻稀土强烈富集(LREE=466.47×10~(-6)～571.69×10~(-6)),重稀土显著亏损(HREE=14.00×10~(-6)～20.43×10~(-6)),Y含量(13.29×10~(-6)～19.87×10~(-6),平均16.27×10~(-6))和Yb含量(1.11×10~(-6)～1.66×10~(-6),平均1.37×10~(-6))普遍偏低。稀土元素配分模式呈轻稀土强烈富集的右倾斜型,(La/Yb)_N值为61.02～91.67。负铕异常不明显(Eu/Eu*=0.74～0.86)。Sr含量及Sr/Y比值高,分别为949×10~(-6)～1497×10~(-6)和54～108,微量元素比值蛛网图上强烈地表现出Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Y的负异常。查保马组(N_1c)钾质C型埃达克岩是青藏高原北部在中新世时期因大陆地壳巨量增厚(75～80km)引起榴辉岩相的下地壳物质发生部分熔融的岩浆产物。     

滇西马厂箐复式岩体岩浆混合作用:岩石学与地球化学证据

滇西马厂箐铜矿区含矿斑岩体中的暗色包体与其寄主富碱花岗斑岩具有相似的地球化学的特征。寄主花岗斑岩Si O2含量为65.10%~70.60%,Al2O3为14.65%~17.55%,Mg O为0.80%~1.70%,Ca O为0.43%~1.92%,Na2O+K2O为8.25%~12.23%。受混染包体Si O2为62.50%~77.30%,Al2O3为10.00%~15.70%,Mg O为0.75%~3.82%,Ca O为0.86%~2.15%,Na2O+K2O为7.68%~10.22%。二者稀土配分曲线都是典型的右倾型配分模式,轻重稀土分馏明显,富集轻稀土、亏损重稀土。寄主岩具有高Sr(392.00×10-6~919.00×10-6)、低Y(10.10×10-6~17.10×10-6)、低Yb(1.00×10-6~1.40×10-6),高Sr/Y(33.24×10-6~104.43×10-6)、高(La/Yb)N(36.08×10-6~89.09×10-6)特点;暗色包体也具有高Sr(314.00×10-6~652.00×10-6),低Y(7.20×10-6~15.10×10-6)、低Yb(0.60×10-6~1.50×10-6)特征。通过对混染MME地球化学特征分析,结合前人对未混染或弱混染包体的研究资料,提出马厂箐复式岩体和其中的MME可能与该地区地幔玄武岩的底侵作用有关,而这种玄武岩底侵导致的不同岩浆混合作用可能是马厂箐铜矿的部分成矿条件。     

西准噶尔托里县都伦河东岩体埃达克岩特征及其地质意义

都伦河东岩体位于西准噶尔达尔布特断裂西南端,岩性主要为石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩,岩体内接触带有较强硅化、黄铁矿化等矿化特征显示。岩石富w(Na2O)(3.63%~4.70%),贫w(K2O)(0.56%~2.91%),Na2O/K2O比值为1.33~6.75,w(SiO2)多56%(54.57%~69.67%),w(A12O3)多15%(14.53%~18.03%),w(MgO)多3%,个别高于6%,Mg#值51.62~66.60,低Y18×10~(-6)(仅1样19.88×10~(-6))和Yb1.9×10~(-6)(仅1样2.05×10~(-6)),Sr均400×10~(-6)(466×10~(-6)~1066×10~(-6)),Sr/Y均20(23.43~83.74);富集LREE而亏损HREE,Eu多具正异常,少数弱负异常(δEu=0.81~1.24),大离子亲石元素Rb,Ba,Sr和Th相对富集,高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti,Zr相对亏损,因而显示典型的埃达克质岩属性,近同于包古图一带含矿小斑岩体地球化学特征,显示良好的与埃达克岩相关的找矿信息,为区域晚古生代埃达克质岩浆活动和Cu,Au成矿作用研究提供新佐证。     

南秦岭花红树坪花岗闪长岩年代学及地球化学特征

对出露于南秦岭陕西省凤县境内的花红树坪花岗闪长岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,获得岩体表面年龄为214.3±2.7Ma(MSWD=2.6),表明其形成时代为晚三叠世。岩体的SiO_2=61.45%~65.10%,TiO_2=0.52%~0.63%;Al_2O_3=14.97%~15.74%,Mg O=2.33%~3.02%,Mg#=51.31~53.61,高Sr(485×10-6~563×10-6)和Sr/Y(28.2~30.4),低Y(17.0×10-6~19.1×10-6)和Yb(1.46×10-6~1.83×10-6),微弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.83~0.99),具有明显高镁埃达克岩地球化学特征。结合区域地质背景,认为花红树坪岩体是后碰撞构造环境下加厚下地壳拆沉熔融与先存地幔岩浆交代混染作用下的产物,其可能与凤太矿集区多金属矿成矿关系密切。     

西准噶尔北部早二叠世石英正长斑岩的地球化学特征及意义

朱鲁木特石英正长斑岩出露于西准噶尔北部。地球化学研究结果显示,它们的SiO2含量在74.5%~77.6%之间,显示高的K2O(4.60%~5.58%)、全碱(8.14%~9.61%)含量和高的K2O/Na2O比值(1.25~1.38),属于高钾钙碱性岩系列。铝饱和指数(A/CNK)=1.04~1.18,为过铝质岩石系列。稀土元素总量在128×10-6~236×10-6之间。它们显示了轻稀土富集[(La/Yb)N=6.0~10.4],重稀土相对平坦[(Gd/Yb)N=0.96~1.12],强烈的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.23~0.26)为特征。微量元素显示亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高强场元素,富集Rb、K、U和Th等大离子亲石元素和La、Nd和Zr等元素。岩浆源区可能经历了斜长石,磷灰石,钛铁矿等矿物的分离结晶作用。石英正长斑岩具有正的εNd(t)和εHf(t),年轻的t2DM(Nd)(474~572 Ma)和t2DM(Hf)(357~931Ma)模式年龄,可能是古生代新生地壳物质的部分熔融的产物。它们具有较高的锆石饱和温度(834~865℃),与西准噶尔北部的A型花岗岩几乎同时形成,表明西准噶尔地区在早二叠世处于一种拉张高温的环境。     

辽宁兴城尖山早白垩世火山机构及岩石地球化学特征

对辽宁兴城尖山火山机构的岩性--岩相学特征进行了分析,并对角闪安山岩进行了岩石地球化学研究。结果表明角闪安山岩SiO_2=58.42%~60.42%,Al_2O_3=16.17%~17.5%,MgO=1.39%~3.08%,Mg~#=31~50,Sr=(387~1 325)×10~(-6),Yb=(1.15~1.57)×10~(-6),Y=(12.1~16.8)×10~(-6)。岩石富集轻稀土元素及大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,高Sr和Sr/Y比值,低Y和Yb,显示出埃达克岩的地球化学特征,但其Mg~#较低,表明该类火山岩可能是加厚的基性下地壳部分熔融的产物,可能与早白垩世太平洋板块的俯冲构造背景有关。     

东秦岭钼多金属成矿带蟒岭矿集区南部晚侏罗世埃达克岩的厘定及成矿意义

东秦岭钼矿带蟒岭矿集区南部侏罗系华阳村组底部出露一套粗面英安岩,对其进行LA-ICP-MS锆石定年,测得锆石206Pb/238U年龄为(150.92±0.70)Ma(95%置信度;MSWD=0.19),表明其形成于晚侏罗世。地球化学特征显示该岩石类似于中国东部燕山期C型埃达克质岩,表现为高硅(w(SiO_2)=59.75%～60.97%)、铝(w(Al2O3)=15.84%～16.01%)、钾(w(K2O)=3.74%～3.89%)、锶(w(Sr)=286×10~(-6)～338×10~(-6)),高Sr/Y比值(20.85～24.53),低镁(w(MgO)=2.37%～2.66%)、镱(w(Yb)=1.30×10~(-6)～1.50×10~(-6))、钇(w(Y)=13.3×10~(-6)～15.4×10~(-6)),重稀土元素明显亏损,轻重稀土元素分异明显(LREE/HREE=10.27～12.25),具有弱的正Eu异常(1.21～1.37),大离子亲石元素如Rb、Ba、Sr、U、K富集,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti的地球化学特征,显示其为地壳加厚的构造背景下,下地壳部分熔融的产物,其源区相当于含10%的石榴子石角闪岩相。结合区域资料,认为晚侏罗世特提斯构造域和太平洋构造域构造已经发生构造体制的转换,太平洋板块向西俯冲导致地壳加厚,加厚的基性下地壳物质发生熔融形成岩浆,并沿构造薄弱带上升,喷发形成该套粗面英安岩,可能代表了燕山运动B幕的岩浆事件。综合研究认为,华阳村组粗面英安岩与调查区内多金属成矿关系作用不大,由于形成了特殊的具有埃达克岩性质的岩石,势必引起下地壳的折沉作用,随着拆沉作用的持续进行,地壳减薄导致周围软流圈地幔上涌,含有Mo、Cu等成矿元素的岩浆沿着构造薄弱地带侵入就位,并在上升过程萃取了围岩中的Pb、Zn、Ag、Au等成矿元素,形成调查区内蟒岭含矿斑岩体、蟒岭西侧含矿小斑岩体以及同期的黄家沟-上铺子一带脉状铅锌银矿体。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861