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1.
中国区域可持续发展状态及类型划分   总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18  
贾若祥  刘毅 《地理研究》2003,22(5):609-617
可持续发展的内涵就是人口、资源和环境的相互协调 ,目的是谋求社会和经济的持续发展。区域作为可持续发展的载体 ,在实施可持续发展战略中占据重要地位 ,它具有明显的区域性、复杂性和相对性等特征。影响区域可持续发展的主要因素有经济发展状况、社会发展状况、资源环境状况和可持续发展能力 ,据此 ,本文建立了区域可持续发展状态评价指标体系 ,对中国 31个省市区的可持续发展状态进行了评价 ,按照评价结果 ,全国共分为 6种不同类型 ,并得出中国区域可持续发展状态大体呈从沿海→沿边→中部→中西部递减的结论  相似文献   

2.
新时期中国区域发展状态的比较研究   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7  
任东明 《地理科学》2000,20(2):97-101
90年代以来,特别是“八五”计划期间,我国经济超高速增长。尽管各地区的社会经济取得了巨大进步,但各地的人口、资源与环境问题却逐渐显露。从区域的可持续发展的观战出发,建立了全国的区域发展指标体系,对全国31个省市区的经济发展、社会进步、资源与环境保障及区域发展能力进行了综合评价。阐述了我国新时期经济高速增长条件下各省市区的区域发展状态。  相似文献   

3.
区域经济的增长过程是个长期的演化过程,在这个长期演化过程中,有些区域可能一直处于上升和繁荣状态中;有些区域则可能长期处于下降或衰败状态中。例如,在我国区域经济增长中,东部沿海自19世纪末叶以来一直处于较繁荣的发展状态,而西部的一些地域则一直处于经济上相对落后的状态。因此,怎样通过对区域经济长期增长机制的研究,促使繁荣区域维持长期增长,衰败区域经济得以振兴,是区域经济学研究的重大课题。 影响区域经济长期增长的要素不外乎人口、工资、价格、资源、技术以及收入分配。这些要素的  相似文献   

4.
现代城市的发展,主要是由整个社会产业结构和城市经济状态的不断进步促成的,即第二产业和第三产业的形成和集聚。城市不仅是区域发展的经济中心,也是区域的交通,文教、科技、信息等社会活动的中心。在人类对城市的综合功能提出越来越高要求的今天,如何全面地评价城市发展水平成为值得认真探讨的问题之一。  相似文献   

5.
我国区域可持续发展状态的综合测度   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
区域可持续发展的内涵是在确保经济稳定增长和社会发展的同时,使自然资源得到合理利用,生态环境保持良性循环。因此,有必要从系统运行中提取具有标识性意义的定量化信息,来监控区域可持续发展的方向和能力。文章依据一定的原则,选取了4大类28个指标对我国大陆31个省、市、自治区的可持续发展状态进行了综合测度,提出了区域可持续发展综合能力组合类型,并对其发展状态进行了综合分析评价。  相似文献   

6.
基于中国在推进以“人”为核心的新型城镇化过程中人口、资源、环境与经济、社会发展诸要素相互促进或相互制约的复杂关系视角,借鉴人口承载力思想,提出区域PRED系统承载力概念及其表征方法,参考压力—状态—响应模型(PSR),构建了区域PRED系统的承载力—压力—状态—响应评价指标体系(CPSR 模型),在此基础上提出区域PRED系统综合响应度与应急响应级别划分标准,通过多目标规划与决策方法对区域PRED系统进行综合评价。以2000-2012 年大连市PRED系统为例进行实证分析,结果显示:① 研究时段内大连市PRED系统一直处于超载状态,人口承载力由363 万人降至291 万人;② 大连市PRED系统压力低于全国平均水平,区域PRED系统负荷指数由0.97 降至0.85,区域PRED系统综合响应级别始终处于Ⅱ级橙色预警或Ⅲ级黄色预警状态。评价结果基本符合近年来大连市有关资源、环境及经济、社会发展的客观实际,评价结果可视性较强、可靠性较高。区域PRED系统承载力概念以及基于CPSR模型的区域PRED系统综合评价指标体系、多目标决策评价方法,为定量评价区域可持续发展提供了一种新的思路和方法,对新型城镇化背景下的相关政策制定具有一定参考价值。  相似文献   

7.
区域经济成长理论及其实践   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
一、极化效应与扩散效应理论区域经济成长在其空间结构演变上,始终存在着两种效应:即极化效应和扩散效应。二者既相互依存,又相互制约,并在一定条件下相互转化。极化效应使区域经济从孤立、分散的均质无序状态,走向局部聚集不平衡发展的低级有序状态。扩散效应则使聚集逐步向全区域推进,终而走向区域经济相对均衡发展的高级有序状态。极化与扩散效应的相互作用,是区域经济空间结构演变的主动因,其作用的结果,使区域经济空间不断扩大,非经济空间逐渐变小,生产部门、生产要素、生产环节的空间组合日趋复杂化和多样化。这是不以人的意志为转移的区域经济成长的一般过程和规律。  相似文献   

8.
该文通过对长江三角洲地区的区域特征和生态环境现状分析,建立了区域环境质量评价层次模型,结合区域生态经济综合发展目标,揭示出区域生态环境建设规划的内涵及其在资源开发利用中的重要性。提出区域生态环境建设规划方案选优方法,以及区域持续发展对策  相似文献   

9.
选取2000~2015年为研究时段,运用了定性和区位熵、锡尔系数、产业同构系数、SSM模型等定量评价方法,对滇中城市群的产业专业化程度、总体经济差异、产业同构化、经济整合的主要动力机制进行了分析评价。研究发现:2000年以来滇中城市群产业结构逐步优化,第三产业正成为区域主导性产业,经济发展呈现整合状态且稳步推进态势明显;内部调整产业结构、政府宏观政策、区域空间合作格局成为推动经济整合的主要驱动力。据此针对性地提出了更好推进滇中城市群经济整合发展的参考建议。  相似文献   

10.
吉林省中部粮食主产区城乡关联的空间分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
基于24个空间单元的统计数据和实地调查资料,运用BP神经网络模型和ESDA方法,在GIS技术支持下,定量评价吉林省中部粮食主产区城乡关联度,并分析各县域城乡关联状态与空间差异。研究结果表明:(1)区域城乡综合关联Moran ’s I指数仅为-0.1205,表明各县域城乡关联呈分散状态;经济、社会和基本建设非均衡发展是制约城乡协调发展的关键因素。(2)区域城乡关联的区域差异明显,地级市辖区城乡关联性显著高于各县(县级市);经济、社会和基本建设关联性分别呈现"圈层"、"十字型"和"块状"的空间结构。(3)区域城乡关联表现出较弱的集聚趋势。空间差异较小的县域主要沿哈大线呈带状分布,空间差异较大的县主要分布在5个地级市辖区和东南部低山丘陵区;经济、社会和基本建设关联性分别表现为弱扩散、强极化和强扩散状态。  相似文献   

11.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.  相似文献   

12.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.  相似文献   

13.

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

14.
Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world's largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.  相似文献   

15.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .  相似文献   

16.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.  相似文献   

17.
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

18.
19.
《寒旱区科学》2014,(4):I0002-I0003
1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions (SCAR) is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,  相似文献   

20.
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