二连盆地赛汉塔拉凹陷宝拉格地区赛汉组层序地层与砂岩型铀成矿关系

赛汉塔拉凹陷是二连盆地主要的油-煤-铀富集凹陷之一,近年来在凹陷北东部宝拉格地区落实了一处砂岩型铀矿产地。文章应用层序地层学基本理论,以典型钻孔为例对宝拉格地区含矿建造赛汉组进行了沉积旋回划分和剖面对比,并结合地震资料,在下白垩统赛汉组中识别出3个层序界面,以此将赛汉组划分为1个长期旋回、4个中期旋回,建立了研究区下白垩统赛汉组层序地层格架。通过层序内部沉积体系、砂体、氧化带及铀矿化特征研究,提出赛汉组下段扇三角洲砂体、赛汉组上段辫状河三角洲砂体在垂向上相互叠置,在平面上具有一定的连通性,砂岩渗透性好,富含有机质,有利于垂向的潜水氧化、侧向的潜水-层间氧化和层间氧化作用发育。潜水-层间氧化带发育在赛汉组上段下降体系域（FST）中,矿体主要赋存于辫状河三角洲平原-前缘（水下）分流河道砂体中,层间氧化带发育在赛汉组下段湖侵-高位体系域（TST-HST）中,矿体主要赋存于扇三角洲平原-前缘（水下）分流河道砂体中,具有较大的勘探潜力。     

二连盆地中东部赛汉组古河谷砂岩型铀矿床控矿成因相研究

二连盆地为中国北方重要的油、煤、铀能源盆地,盆地内沉积型铀矿床主要分布于中东部赛汉组古河谷内,典型的矿床有巴彦乌拉大型铀矿床、巴润小型铀矿床、赛汉高毕中型铀矿床和哈达图矿床。古河谷内矿床表现为"同河谷多矿床、同河谷多类型"的特点。古河谷砂岩型铀矿床(体)受古河谷内河流沉积体系和氧化还原界面的控制。本文在赛汉组古河谷铀源、沉积体系、控矿结构面和典型矿床研究的基础上,总结了控矿成因相特征,建立了古河谷内矿床的控矿成因相模式。将赛汉组古河谷内典型矿床的控矿成因相模式划分为辫状河-潜水/辫状河潜水-层间氧化型和曲流河-潜水氧化型。     

腾格尔坳陷建造与铀矿找矿模式

在钻探资料基础上,通过对腾格尔坳陷赛汉组铀成矿环境、构造建造特征、控矿成因等研究基础上,建立了腾格尔坳陷的找矿模式。研究认为,研究区铀源条件优越,有良好的成矿层位赛汉组。赛汉组上段主要控矿沉积体系为辫状河沉积体系、辫状河三角洲体系。在辫状河沉积体系中矿体主要赋存于河道边缘、富含有还原介质的河道中央及切穿目的层的构造带上,辫状河三角洲体系中矿体主要赋存于辫状河三角洲前缘灰色砂体中,从而可确定在该区我们的可通过探索河道边缘、河道中央、切穿目的层的构造带及辫状河三角洲前缘的灰色砂体是寻找铀矿的有利地段。     

腾格尔坳陷建造与铀矿找矿模式

在钻探资料基础上,通过对腾格尔坳陷赛汉组铀成矿环境、构造建造特征、控矿成因等研究基础上,建立了腾格尔坳陷的找矿模式。研究认为,研究区铀源条件优越,有良好的成矿层位赛汉组。赛汉组上段主要控矿沉积体系为辫状河沉积体系、辫状河三角洲体系。在辫状河沉积体系中矿体主要赋存于河道边缘、富含有还原介质的河道中央及切穿目的层的构造带上,辫状河三角洲体系中矿体主要赋存于辫状河三角洲前缘灰色砂体中,从而可确定在该区我们的可通过探索河道边缘、河道中央、切穿目的层的构造带及辫状河三角洲前缘的灰色砂体是寻找铀矿的有利地段。     

内蒙古巴彦塔拉盆地砂岩型铀矿地质特征与主沉积物体系归属

从盆地沉积体系研究入手，以沉积微相研究为基础，划分了盆地含矿主岩的沉积体系和成因相带，明确了找矿目标层及其分布范围。腾格尔组上段为扇三角洲沉积体系，其中扇三角洲前缘砂体中发育潜水—层间氧化带型铀矿化。赛汉塔拉组为河流沉积体系，可按沉积微相及古气候特征分为上、下两段。下段为辫状河沉积，发育良好的砂体、富含有机质，它是本区重要的找矿目标层，产底河道型砂岩铀矿化。通过对后生蚀变和矿化特征的分析，认为早期为潜水氧化蚀变成矿；晚期为潜水—层间氧化蚀变成矿，同时还有来自天窗补给的含铀、含氧地下水被沿断裂上升的含H2S的油气还原叠加改造成矿。     

浅论中国北方主要产铀盆地含矿目标层沉积相对砂岩型铀矿的制约

北方砂岩型铀矿已成为我国铀资源扩大的重点类型,在现有铀矿山开采中占绝对主力地位。本文在分析中国伊犁盆地南缘、鄂尔多斯盆地东北部、二连盆地中部和松辽盆地南缘等重要产铀盆地主要含矿目标层沉积相的基础上,探讨了沉积相对砂岩型铀矿床的控制作用。获得主要认识有:①伊犁盆地南缘水西沟群Ⅰ～Ⅳ旋回为冲积扇沉积体系、Ⅴ旋回为辫状河三角洲沉积体系、Ⅵ旋回为浅湖沼泽沉积体系、Ⅶ旋回为曲流河三角洲沉积体系,其中有利成矿的沉积体系为辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲和冲积扇体系,有利成矿的部位为三角洲前缘河口坝及席状砂亚(微)相、三角洲平原辫状河流亚相、三角洲平原分流河道亚(微)相以及冲积扇沉积体系的扇中-扇端亚相;②鄂尔多斯盆地东北部有利成矿的沉积体系为直罗组辫状河三角洲沉积体系,有利成矿部位为砾质辫状河、砂质辫状河、三角洲平原和三角洲前缘亚相的相变部位,如纳岭沟铀矿床位于砾质辫状河向砂质辫状河过渡的区段,罕台庙铀矿床则位于辫状河三角洲平原亚相向前缘亚相转换带附近;③二连盆地中部赛汉组沉积相可划分为冲积扇相、河流相、三角洲相、湖泊相4大类,与铀成矿关系最密切的沉积相为辫状河河道(古河道),其次为冲积扇相,如果在该区...     

准东喀木斯特地区中侏罗统头屯河组沉积相与铀矿化

以含矿目的层中侏罗统头屯河组为主要研究层位,通过岩性特征、岩石学特征、沉积构造、沉积体系分析及单井—联井剖面对比,从沉积学的角度解释喀木斯特地区铀矿化砂体特征.研究认为:喀木斯特地区头屯河时期发育两种沉积体系组合,一种是扇三角洲-湖泊沉积,一种是辫状河三角洲-湖泊沉积,并识别出扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘、辫状河三角洲平原、辫状河三角洲前缘和滨浅湖5种亚相.镜下鉴定结果表明,含矿目的层头屯河组砂岩类型主要为长石岩屑砂岩,其次为长石岩屑杂砂岩、岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,岩石具有典型的低成分成熟度、低结构成熟度特征.喀木斯特头屯河时期沉积相展布具有"北辫南扇"、"盆大水浅、河长扇短以及坡缓"等特点.头屯河组沉积相对喀木斯特地区铀矿化具有明显控制作用,主要体现在以下几个方面:①低位体系域的粗碎屑产物可为铀成矿提供较大的容矿空间;②辫状河道砂体是控制氧化带发育及矿体富集程度的主要因素,砂体的稳定连通为流体运移和成矿提供良好的条件;③特殊的大型"泥-砂-泥(煤)"结构有利于层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿化发育.     

伊犁盆地含煤系地层沉积相特征及其与层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿成矿关系

本文从研究伊犁盆地不同地段含煤系地层岩性变化特征入手，提出冲积扇快速入湖的扇三角洲沉积相模式，并讨论了４个沉积亚相，即冲积扇、扇前辫状河、滨湖三角洲、湖沼相的沉积相特征及其空间展布规律，研究了含煤系沉积相与层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的成矿关系，指出了滨湖三角洲相砂体是寻找层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的主要部位。     

准噶尔盆地东部地区八道湾组层序地层及油气勘探有利区带预测

运用层序地层学与沉积学的原理和方法,建立滴水泉地区侏罗系八道湾组层序地层格架,划分沉积相,在此基础上分析层序充填及沉积演化特征,预测研究区岩性油气藏的类型及分布。研究结果表明:八道湾组为“一个半”层序,包括5个体系域。整体经历了一个先退积、后进积、再退积的过程。研究区发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲和湖泊3种沉积相类型、5种沉积亚相类型和10种沉积微相类型。JSQ1层序低位体系域以辫状河沉积为主,湖侵体系域主要发育滨浅湖沉积,高位体系域以辫状河三角洲沉积为主;JSQ2层序低位体系域主要发育辫状河三角洲沉积,而湖侵体系域以滨浅湖沉积为主。滴水泉地区八道湾组发育的有利储集砂体是辫状河和辫状河三角洲砂体,主要发育于低位和高位体系域。研究区八道湾组沟谷型古地貌可与JSQ1低位体系域广泛分布的辫状河道砂体组合形成地层-岩性圈闭,是研究区最有利的勘探目标。     

阿其图乌拉地区下白垩统赛汉组层序地层与铀成矿远景预测

阿其图乌拉凹陷位于苏尼特隆起内,凹陷周缘铀源条件较好,通过实地工作及前人资料整理,研究该地区沉积相、沉积构造和测井相等特征,建立测井相、测井相标志。研究认为该地区下白垩统赛汉组发育浅水辫状河三角洲-滨浅湖沉积体系。层序地层分析可精细研究不同时期沉积充填序列,并可进行等时地层对比。通过标准层序地层分析,将赛汉组共分为4个体系域类型,分别为湖侵体系域、高位体系域、下降期体系域及低位体系域,其中高位体系域及下降期体系域具有铀储层好、岩石还原容量高的特点。矿化异常主要产于高位及下降期体系域内。通过各体系域"层序-氧化带-岩相古地理"编图,提出"层序地层-储层-氧化带预测技术",并圈定Ⅰ、Ⅱ号成矿远景区,并认为Ⅱ号成矿远景区辫状河前缘砂体具有铀储集性能好、还原容量高的特点,可先开展钻探验证工作。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861