基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解的线性时变SDOF系统参数识别

对于参数时变的SDOF系统,提出一种基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解的参数识别方法。该方法能将SDOF系统的强迫振动响应自适应地分解为稳态响应和瞬态响应。从系统的稳态响应可得到外部激振力的频率估计;对系统的瞬态响应用多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解方法进一步分解,可得到系统的瞬时频率估计,进而可得到系统的刚度和阻尼,从而实现对SDOF系统的参数识别。刚度线性变化、刚度突变与刚度周期缓变3种情况下的参数识别仿真算例表明,本文方法能有效识别线性时变SDOF系统参数,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

小波多分辨率分析时变系统参数识别算法的鲁棒性研究

针对多自由度时变系统参数识别问题,基于Daubechies小波多分辨率展开的时变参数辨识方法分析影响参数识别鲁棒性的各个因素。通过数值分析针对突变、线性慢变以及谐波快变的时变参数进行识别,研究结果表明:当基函数dbN一定时,在预先确立的分解尺度范围内,识别精度随分解尺度的增加而增加;待识别参数的频率特性对分解尺度的选择有很大影响,快时变参数比慢时变参数对分解尺度更为敏感;基函数dbN并不是影响识别精度的主要因素;在分解尺度相同的情况下,可以通过提高采样频率增加快时变参数识别精度。     

基于连续小波变换的时变结构瞬时模态参数识别

为体现时变结构动力特性,定义随机冲击荷载作为时变结构输入激励,提出了基于连续小波变换的时变结构瞬时模态参数识别方法。在短时时变假定条件下,建立基于模局部极大值的连续小波变换时变参数识别原理,利用结构的输出响应进行瞬时模态参数识别,采用三自由度的时变结构体系进行数值模拟,该方法能够准确识别时变结构的瞬时模态参数值。通过设计具有质量参数可变的两层钢框架模型进行测试,验证了方法的有效性与可行性。     

地震资料自适应时变卡尔曼反褶积

应用卡尔曼滤波的一步预测方法,并根据卡尔曼滤波方程适用于时变系统的特点,给出了利用卡尔曼滤波进行地震资料自适应时变反褶积的方法,文中给出了理论和实际资料处理的例子.     

地震资料自适应时变卡尔曼反褶积

应用卡尔曼滤波的一步预测方法,并根据卡尔曼滤波方程适用于时变系统的特点,给出了利用卡尔曼滤波进行地震资料自适应时变反褶积的方法,文中给出了理论和实际资料处理的例子.     

基于多目标差分进化算法的结构物理参数辨识

优化算法在用于结构的物理参数辨识时,测量数据的不完备和噪声严重影响了参数的辨识精度.针对这一问题,为得到理想的辨识精度,将时程响应数据和频率数据定义为多目标函数,并利用多目标差分进化算法(DEMO)进行优化求解.在数值模拟中,利用10层剪切型框架结构和31个单元的桁架桥结构作为算例.计算结果表明,该多目标函数和DEMO...     

地震资料自适应时变卡尔曼反褶积

应用卡尔曼滤波的一步预测方法,并根据卡尔曼滤波方程适用于时变系统的特点,给出了利用卡尔曼滤波进行地震资料自适应时变反褶积的方法,文中给出了理论和实际资料处理的例子.     

跨断层形变的慢时变结构分析与异常识别初探

甘肃及与青海、宁夏交界区布设有50多处跨断层短水准观测场地,20世纪80年代末起测并基本于每年的3,7,11月观测,2004～2008年曾加密为每年6期;控制了祁连山—海原—六盘山断裂带及西秦岭构造区;多数测线跨度数百米、个别测线达1km左右.其形变测值时序变化能直接反映所控制断层段的运动变化过程,具有强震预测的中短期前兆意义.     

应用动态时变参数多层递阶法进行地震预报研究

本文研究了动态时变参数多层递阶法的原理及其在地震预报中应用的具体实施步骤。该方法充分考虑了系统的时变特性,使内符精度较高,在较小的震级误差范围内一步预报结果与实际情况相吻合。因此该方法有一定的应用价值,值得进一步推广。     

时变地震谱估计的非参数方法评价及应用

针对工程中常见的非平稳地震动激励,进一步建立了时变功率谱估计的理论框架。首先,在多个样本情形下,采用信号处理中的时频分析方法对非平稳激励的时变谱估计理论进行了讨论。当激励样本数量有限时,对Priestley提出的估计方法进行了介绍。其次,以地震工程中常用的Kanai-Tajimi谱模型为目标,分别对均匀调制与一般调制谱的估计结果以及不同估计方法的精度与收敛性进行评价后,提出了能够方便工程应用的建议。最后,针对SMART-Ⅰ(Strong Motion Array in Taiwan,Phase Ⅰ)密集台阵第45次地震记录的多组三维样本,揭示了EW、NS、UD三个方向时变谱的典型特征以及各方向间的时变相干性。结果表明:与短时Fourier变换相比,复Morlet小波与广义谐和小波估计谱具有较好的精度与收敛性,Priestley方法估计单个样本具有优势;SMART-Ⅰ台阵地震动具有强度和频率的双重非平稳性,三个方向具有弱相干性。研究结论可为拓展谱估计理论的工程应用以及后续大跨结构多维多点非平稳地震响应的分析提供参考。     

Identification of modal parameters of non‐classically damped linear structures under multi‐component earthquake loading

A method for parametric system identification of classically damped linear system in frequency domain is adopted and extended for non‐classically damped linear systems subjected up to six components of earthquake ground motions. This method is able to work in multi‐input/multi‐output (MIMO) case. The response of a two‐degree‐of‐freedom model with non‐classical damping, excited by one‐component earthquake ground motion, is simulated and used to verify the proposed system identification method in the single‐input/multi‐output case. Also, the records of a 10 storey real building during the Northridge earthquake is used to verify the proposed system identification method in the MIMO case. In this case, at first, a single‐input/multi‐output assumption is considered for the system and modal parameters are identified, then other components of earthquake ground motions are added, respectively, and the modal parameters are identified again. This procedure is repeated until all four components of earthquake ground motions which are measured at the base level of the building are included in the identification process. The results of identification of real building show that consideration of non‐classical damping and inclusion of the multi‐components effect of earthquake ground motions can improve the least‐squares match between the finite Fourier transforms of recorded and calculated acceleration responses. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Identification of model structure parameters via combination of AFMM and ARX from seismic response data

To identify the model structure parameters in shaking table tests from seismic response, especially from timevarying response records, this paper presents a new methodology by combining the online recursive Adaptive Forgetting through Multiple Models(AFMM) and offline Auto-Regression with eXogenous variables(ARX) model. First, the AFMM is employed to detect whether the response of model structure is time-invariant or time-varying when subjected to strong motions. Second, if the response is time-invariant, the modal parameters are identifi ed from the entire response record, such as the acceleration time-history using the ARX model. If the response is time-varying, the acceleration record is divided into three segments according to the accurate time-varying points detected by AFMM, and parameters are identifi ed by only using the tail segment data, which is time-invariant and suited for analysis by the ARX model. Finally, the changes in dynamic properties due to various strong motions are obtained using the presented methodology. The feasibility and advantages of the method are demonstrated by identifying the modal parameters of a 12-story reinforced concrete(RC) frame structure in a shaking table test.     

Probabilistic evaluation of liquefaction potential under earthquake loading

This paper presents a procedure to perform the risk analysis for ground failure by liquefaction. The first part of this study describes the differential equation of a smooth hysteretic model to characterize the behavior of the soil under random loading. The parameters of the proposed model to represent the experimental relationship are discussed. The second part of this study is to develop a method to calculate the probability that a specified volume of soil will liquefy at a given depth in the deposit. The liquefaction is defined as the result of cumulative damage caused by seismic loading. The fatigue life of soil can be determined on the basis of the N---S relationship and Miner's cumulative damage law. The rain-flow method is used to count the number of cycles of stress response of the soil deposit. Finally, the probability of liquefaction is obtained by integration over all the possible ground motion and the fragility curves of liquefaction potential. The sensitivity of the reliability against liquefaction to soil system parameters is also examined.     

Numerical analysis of the interaction of soil-structure under earthquake loading

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Multi-scale analysis of earthquake activity in Chinese mainland

IdentifyingtheactiveandinactiveperiodofearthquakesinChinesemainlandisofgreatimportanceforguid-ingmid-shortterm,especiallyshortterm,earthquakeforecast.Thisisanindispensablestepforstudyingearth-quakepredictioninourcountry.Nowanintegratedsetofconceptsandmethodsforgeneraltrendpredictionofearthquakeactivityhasbeendeveloped.BasedontheChineseearthquakedatasincethebeginningofthe20thcentury,somestatisticalmethodshavebeendevelopedtoanalyzeoccurrencefrequencyandenergyreleaseofearthquakes,distinguishacti…     

Numerical analysis of deformation behaviour of quay walls under earthquake loading

In the last 50 years, there have been many incidences of failure of gravity quay walls. These failures are often associated with significant deformation of liquefiable soil deposits. Gravity quay wall failures have stimulated great progress in the development of deformation-based design methods for geotechnical structures. In this paper, the effective-stress analysis method has been used in conjunction with a generalised elasto-plasticity constitutive model implemented into a finite element procedure. Various monotonic and cyclic triaxial paths are simulated in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the constitutive model. The FEM is validated by back analysis of a typical Port Island PC1 caisson type quay wall, which was damaged during the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake. The numerical results are compared with the observed data obtained consisting of seaward displacement, settlement and tilting. In addition, both the influence of permeability, on the generation of pore water pressure and the influence of the relative density of the backfill and foundation layers, on the residual deformation of gravity quay walls are investigated.     

Buckling of cylindrical liquid-storage tanks under earthquake loading

The earthquake response behaviour of a cylindrical wine storage tank similar to many that were damaged in Livermore, California during the January 1980 earthquake was studied on the University of California shaking table. Tests of the 9.5 ft diameter by 20 ft high tank, with simulated earthquake accelerations up to 0.95 g, induced buckling patterns similar to those observed after the actual earthquake. Observed peak axial compression stresses in the test tank wall were substantially higher than those assumed in typical design standards, demonstrating the need for further study of the buckling problem in tanks free to uplift during earthquake excitation.     

Identification of soil degradation during earthquake excitations by Bayesian inference

A Bayesian inference approach is introduced to identify soil degradation behaviours at four downhole array sites. The approach of inference is based on a parametric time‐varying infinite impulse response filter model. The approach is shown to be adaptive to the changes of filter parameters and noise amplitudes. Four sites, including the Lotung (Taiwan), Chiba (Japan), Garner Valley (California), and Treasure Island (California) sites with downhole seismic arrays are analysed. Our results show two major types of soil degradation behaviour: the well‐known strain‐dependent softening, and reduction in stiffness that is not instantaneously recoverable. It is also found that both types of soil degradation are more pronounced in sandy soils than in clayey soils. The mechanism for the second type of soil degradation is not yet clear to the authors and suggested to be further studied. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.