印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛砾岩型红土镍矿床地质特征及成因

红土型镍矿是基性、超基性岩在热带、亚热带地区常年高温、多雨的环境下,经过风化--淋滤--沉积富集而成。基性、超基性岩是此类矿床的成矿母岩。因此,以往针对红土型镍矿的找矿勘探首先是寻找基性、超基性岩。笔者近期在印度尼西亚苏拉威西省Kolaka县发现了一种新型红土镍矿床,该矿床成矿母岩并非是基性、超基性岩,而是砾石成分以超基性岩为主的一套砾岩。为了区分传统意义上由基性、超基性岩风化淋滤形成的红土型镍矿,笔者将其称为砾岩型红土镍矿。该矿床的结构分带由上往下可分为:腐植土层、红土层、强风化砾岩层、半风化砾岩层、砾岩层,镍矿体主要分布于半风化砾岩层中。初步认为矿床是由砾岩经过风化--水解-淋滤-沉淀富集等作用形成的。     

西澳Darling Range地区红土型铝土矿地球化学特征及源区研究

Darling Range位于西澳大利亚地区,红土型铝土矿资源丰富。本文对Darling Range地区红土型铝土矿及相关岩石开展了元素地球化学分析,并对铝土矿中的碎屑锆石和其下伏的花岗岩开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,目的是探讨西澳地区红土型铝土矿的成矿作用及其源区。结果表明,西澳地区红土型铝土矿的主量元素以Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2和TiO2为主,Al2O3与SiO2呈显著的负相关关系,与TiO2则呈现显著的正相关关系,表明铝土矿的形成过程是一个去Si富Al、Ti的过程。铝土矿微量元素富集Th、U、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti,相对亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Sm;稀土总量较低,为1.36×10~(-6)~65.58×10~(-6),稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布曲线略微向右倾斜,富集轻稀土。铝土矿碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于1167Ma和1267Ma与2539~2696Ma(16颗)两个年龄段,分析锆石来源前者可能来自Albany-Fraser造山带;后者加权平均年龄为2579±15Ma(MSWD=1.16),与研究区本次获得的太古宙花岗岩加权平均年龄2585±12Ma(MSWD=0.83)在误差范围内一致,表明铝土矿中的锆石除了来自本区太古宙花岗岩,还有少量的锆石来自Albany-Fraser造山带。结合元素地球化学钛率(Al2O3/TiO2)、lgCr-lgNi、微量元素比值、稀土元素配分模式对铝土矿源区进行示踪表明,Darling Range地区的太古宙花岗岩为红土型铝土矿的主要物质来源。     

桂西岩溶堆积型铝土矿床成矿作用及控矿因素

桂西岩溶堆积型铝土矿赋存于岩溶洼地中的红土层中，具有矿床规模大、矿石质量优的特点。成矿物质来源于上二叠统底部的古风化壳型铝土矿层，成矿时代为早更新世，矿床成因与岩溶作用、红土化作用有关。成矿受矿源层、地层岩性、气候、构造、地貌等因素控制。     

桂西地区沉积型铝土矿床控矿规律及找矿预测

桂西沉积型铝土矿床属古陆喀斯特型铝土矿床,为晚二叠世吴家坪期火山尘覆盖层陆地风化成因,其成矿模式:地壳隆升→火山尘沉积风化淋滤形成红土型铝土矿→海侵保存→成岩变质作用形成沉积型铝土矿.矿床受层位、构造和古地理环境三个因素同时控制.采用地层、构造和古地理环境三位一体的找矿预测方法,能较准确地圈定找矿靶区,可根据成矿古地理...     

几内亚共和国红土型铝土矿床成矿探讨

在全球广泛分布着中生代(Mz)基性岩浆岩,但由此形成的风化残积红土型铝土矿床主要集中在低纬度带。也就是说,除成矿母岩外,低纬度带的自然气候环境是红土型铝土矿成矿的另一决定性因素。但在低纬度带的成矿母岩分布区域内,是否成矿或矿体的优劣,取决于矿源层的厚薄、地形地貌特征以及水文地质条件等。铝土矿的形成过程,是自成矿母岩风化初始阶段至红土形成阶段,铝铁物质逐渐富集的过程。     

广西邓广圩-太平铝土矿的控矿因素及找矿前景分析

邓广圩-太平铝土矿床赋存于第四系残坡积红土层中,有埋藏浅、规模大、分布广的特点.矿床受矿源层、地层岩性、构造、地貌、气候等因素控制.结合区域矿床对比,初步认为该矿床成因类型为堆积型三水铝土矿床.在矿床地质背景基础上,着重研究分析了矿床的控矿因素,认为该区具有较好的铝土矿成矿地质条件和找矿前景,是寻找大中型铝土矿的有利地区.     

广西那坡县龙合矿区铝土矿地质特征

通过找矿勘探,在那坡县龙合矿区发现一处大型规模的堆积铝土矿矿床,为广西区铝工业发展提供后备资源基地。堆积铝土矿赋存于岩溶洼地内更新世岩溶堆积红土层中,成矿物质来源于上二叠统合山组底部的古风化壳型铝土矿(岩)层,主要成矿时代为更新世,主导成矿作用为岩溶作用、红土化作用。矿化富集主要受矿源层、地层岩性、构造运动、气候和地貌等因素控制。     

山西铝土矿床成矿物质来源

山西铝土矿矿石中鲕、豆、碎屑等组构均具红土性质，结合化学成分特征、稀土元素特征、氧同住素特征、锆石等副矿物特征及含矿岩系底部岩层与下伏中奥陶纪灰岩关系和矿床分布与古陆、古岛的依赖关系等方面分析，铝土矿的成矿物质多是异源的，多为古陆上的铝硅酸盐岩红土风化产物，经流水以机械碎屑形式被搬运至海盆，沉积成矿     

怎樣寻找和勘探铝土礦床

一、铝土矿矿床类型及其在我国的分布规律根据铝的地球化学特性,铝主要是在外生条件下聚集成矿的,因此,可按外生条件的不同而将铝土矿庆分为风化红七型铝土矿床及沉积型铝土矿床两类。 1.风化红土型铝土矿床: 主要生在气候温湿的古代或现代红土风化壳发育的地区内,是在富含长石质的硷性岩、含矽酸少的基性岩或变质岩分佈区,经过红土化作用而产生的矿床。常成连续的盖层复于母岩之上,其下界则常成为囊状。厚度变化一般由几公尺到十几公尺,分佈的面积颇为广濶。本类矿床的矿石以三水铝土矿(水铝氧     

云南省砚山县红舍克铝土矿床地质特征、找矿标志及资源潜力分析

通过对云南省砚山县红舍克铝土矿成矿地质特征研究,认为该区沉积型铝土矿主要经历了以下三个阶段：（1）基岩升隆、剥蚀,含铝矿物风化堆积;（2）切割、夷平和喀斯特化,含铝矿物迁移、脱硅,形成红土化堆积;（3）沉积、海解、去硅、铝土富集.而堆积型铝土矿床主要为沉积型铝土矿经近代岩溶化阶段所形成的次生淋滤矿床.地层层位、古侵蚀面、褶皱构造及地形地貌是该区寻找铝土矿的重要标志.该区铝土矿资源前景乐观.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861