基于ArcGIS的西安市地震小区划数据管理系统

建立基于GIS平台的数据管理系统是陕西省防震减灾“十一五”重点项目西安市地震小区划项目中的一项重要工作,通过对该项目多源成果数据的分析,确定以ArcGIS软件为开发平台,建立地震小区划数据管理系统.提出了实现该系统须具备的基本功能、系统的基本框架,并对概念模型设计、逻辑模型设计、物理模型设计等关键环节进行了数据库详细设计.最后,对入库数据的数据准备、数据生成、数据入库等技术环节做了详细论述,这些工作将有助于实现西安市地震小区划成果数据的有效组织与管理.     

前兆数据文件差错检查的管理系统

本文在现有前兆数据观测采集传输、存储的基础上,开发研制了前兆数据差错管理系统。该系统基于Windows平台上采用Access数据库,用ADO作为连接数据对象,使用Visual Basic6．0开发工具与数据库技术相结合,实现了数据文件检查、观测日志检查、差错情况管理等多种功能。保证了数据文件的连续、完整和准确,科学有效地对数据进行质量控制。     

云南数字化地震编目软件的研发

云南数字化地震编目软件是在Scounix和Windows平台上开发的。该软件具有自动产出地震月报目录、地震观测报告、上网文件、地震波形数据和震相分析文件等功能，同时可以和云南遥测台网速报系统相衔接，使云南的地震资料分析、速报、编目成为一个有机整体。     

网管系统与电源监控结合在黑龙江省地震台网的应用

通过介绍黑龙江省地震台网运行的网络监控管理系统和智能电源监控平台,以及将上述两套监控系统的关键数据提取融合并再次开发的运维管理系统,从多种监控数据综合判定远端台站故障原因,提高台网故障响应能力和运维效率.     

Adapt 区域数字遥测地震台网数据

数字遥测地震台网通用数据采集和处理软件包(Adapt)是一套通用的数字地震采集和处理系统,能够记录实时地动信号,地震事件发生时能报警,快速检测、识别和定位地震事件,自动产生地震月报等.Adapt采用简体中文Windows NT工作平台,系统最小可以接收4路地震数据,最大可以接收128路.介绍了该系统的功能、技术途径以及实际应用.     

黑龙江省设备信息运维管理系统开发及功能实现

根据黑龙江省地震监测台站发展的需要,结合黑龙江省区域维修中心工作任务和技术系统的特点,通过对全省台站监测设备信息收集和整理,运用SQL、PHP、Web、My SQL数据库等计算机程序开发出一套基于Windows平台的设备信息运维管理系统(以下简称管理系统),实现了对全省地震监测设备信息的统一管理,实用性良好。介绍了管理系统的总体设计,包括总体架构设计、网页设计、数据库设计、前台网站功能模块设计和后台网站功能模块设计,以及部分设计实现代码。     

地震映像数据的时频分析方法及应用

本文研究地震映像数据的时频解释方法.采用短时傅立叶变换方法获得地震映像记录频谱的时间与空间分布,根据介质对地震波频谱影响的基本规律,通过分析已知地质断面地震映像记录频谱的时间与空间分布,研究了综合利用频率域和时间域信息进行地震映像数据解释的效果.时频分析方法提取了地震波的频谱中关于地层岩性、构造方面的信息,为地震映像数据的处理和解释提供了更多的参考信息.实例证明,利用时频分析解释地震映像数据,有助于了解覆盖层下岩性变化、薄层的分布范围、探测隐伏土洞、确定混凝土构件中缺陷位置,提高地震映像数据的解释精度和准确性.     

云南数字化地震编目

云南数字化地震编目软件是在Sco unix和Windows平台上开发的。该软件具有自动产出地震月报目录、地震观测报告、上网文件、地震波形数据和震相分析文件等功能,同时可以和云南遥测台网速报系统相衔接,使云南地震从分析到速报、编目成为一个有机整体。     

三维地震属性技术在湖区的应用效果

微山湖湖区表层地震地质条件十分复杂,芦苇丛生,三维地震勘探野外数据采集采用自行研制的钻井平台加套管护壁的成孔工艺,沼泽检波器加上加长尾椎,提高了检波器的耦合效果,获取了高信噪比的三维地震数据。资料解释应用了三维可视化、相干数据体、地震属性技术进行三维构造精细化解释,明显提高了地震解释识别地下小地质构造及地震异常体的能力,它完善和发展了三维高分辨率地震勘探技术,扩大了地震勘探的应用范围,为解决煤矿开采阶段所遇到的构造、煤层等地质问题提供了一种综合应用的解释方法,在湖区的勘探开发中,取得了明显的地震地质效果。     

地震资料小波剖面制作系统

对不同的小波变换算法和小波基函数进行了研究，得到了适用于地震资料处理的最佳小波基函数，并用Visual C 语言开发了基于Windows操作平台下的地震资料小波剖面制作系统。利用小波剖面制作系统和最佳小波基函数对煤田实际地震资料进行了处理，取得了令人满意的地质效果。     

应用非线性地震属性预测煤矿奥陶系灰岩含水性：许瞳煤矿实例(英文)

奥陶系灰岩水是中国北方地区煤矿突水的主要来源。本文介绍了利用熵、最大李氏指数及分形分维等三种非线性地震属性预测奥陶系灰岩含水的方法,分析了这三种属性的提取和应用。以许疃煤矿81、82采区为例,利用上述单属性及多属性综合分析,预测许疃煤矿81、82采区可能的奥陶系灰岩含水区域。实际应用表明,非线性地震属性是奥陶系灰岩含水性预测的有效工具。     

Seismic doublets and multiplets at Polish coal and copper mines

The following criteria for selection of doublets at Polish coal mines were accepted: the difference in magnitude (based on seismic moment) of two events not larger than 0.15, the distance between their hypocenters not greater than 150 m, and the time interval between their occurrence not longer than 10 days. Similarly, the criteria for seismic events at copper mines are: the difference in magnitude not exceeding 0.15, the distance not greater than 200 m, and the time interval not longer than 20 days. Seismic events from the Wujek and Ziemowit coal mines that occurred between 1993 and 1995, and seismic events from the Polkowice copper mine that occurred between 1994 and 1996 and from the Rudna copper mine that occurred between 1994 and 2004 were considered. Their source parameters and focal mechanisms were known in most cases from previous studies. Altogether 108 seismic pairs from coal mines and 118 pairs from copper mines were found, forming doublets, triplets and quadruplets, within the magnitude range from 0.7 to 3.5. The distance and time intervals between two events forming pairs are not dependent on magnitude of these events. The focal mechanism of seismic events forming pairs is similar in over 60 percent of pairs at coal mines and in about one third of pairs at copper mines. Spatial distributions of doublets in particular sections of coal and copper mines display dominant linear trends, characteristic for a given area, which are often in conformity with the direction of nodal planes determined by fault plane solution of one or both the events forming a doublet. In such cases, the rupture plane can be discriminated among the nodal planes.     

用地震反射波定量解释煤层厚度的方法

一、引言 工业可采煤层厚度一般为1.5m,如何从地震资料上准确圈定1m厚的煤层边界、并定量解释煤层厚度、准确计算地质储量,国外一些学者研究了薄层地震反射波的动力学特征与薄层厚度的关系后,得出了不同的薄层垂直分辨率标准,Widess用零相位子波作实验时,发现当薄层厚度为λ/8(λ是地震子波的主波长)时,反射波形正好是入射波的导数,并可直观地鉴别顶底反射;Kallweit利用可控震源研究了薄层响应的频谱后,提出了分辨地震波的极限为1/(1.4f)(f为地震子波的上限频率),经主频换算后,此     

煤田采区三维地震精细构造解释方法

虽然煤田三维地震勘探已经过了十多年的发展,但构造解释问题仍是目前需要解决的主要问题之一.随着三维地震资料解释方法的不断发展,小波分析技术、相干体技术、地震属性技术、图像处理等提高解释精度的方法相继在地震勘探领域中得到应用.另一方面,由于煤矿采区三维地震勘探资料一般具有高信噪比和高分辨率的特点,为做好三维地震资料精细构造解释提供了物质基础.本文结合小波分析技术、相干体技术、地震属性技术等多种方法,结合两个采区的实例,对小断层和小规模陷落柱做了精细构造解释.解释结果显示联合使用以上几种解释技术,能提高三维地震资料的构造解释精度和可靠信.     

PBS 型地震仪 CF 卡 FAT32文件系统原理与实现

阐述 PBS 型地震仪 CF 卡的工作原理、硬件电路接口设计及底层驱动设计,并按照 FAT32文件系统格式,实现文件存储,可方便地震记录文件在 Windows 系统下的识读,为后期数据分析与解释提供便利。     

利用相干体技术探测煤矿微小构造方法研究

煤矿高产高效安全生产地质保障体系要求探明煤矿微小构造,相干体技术利用计算机分析检测三维地震数据体中相邻道之间地震信号的相似性,比常规解释方法更有利于小断层等小构造的识别;相干技术算法中C3比C1、C2两种相干算法在断层识别和边缘检测上具有更高的水平分辨率和垂直分辨率;相干体技术与地震属性技术、图象处理技术联合使用,形成煤田地震资料解释的新模式,能够更好地解决煤矿生产中遇到的构造、岩性等实际问题,极大提高三维地震成果的使用效率和应用水平;相干体技术在许厂、梁家等煤矿中应用取得了良好效果.     

神经网络技术在地震资料构造解释中的应用

将神经网络技术用于煤田地震勘探领域，对两个矿区的实际资料进行断层检测及煤层宏观结构的解释，提高了地震资料构造解释的水平和精度。     

SEISMIC MEASUREMENTS FOR SAFETY IN MINES*

The study of rock stresses and their changes is of great importance for safety in mines. To detect dangerous stress accumulations in coal mines an empirical method, Jahn's drilling test, is generally used. An experimental survey to solve the same problem by geophysical measurements was undertaken in a Hungarian coal mine. The basic idea was to determine the easily measurable seismic velocities instead of the more difficult to measure stresses in the rocks, since there is a monotonic relation between them. During the survey seismic transmission-type measurements were carried out in the fore-field of longwall faces between the top and tail roads. The seismic velocity data obtained were processed using an iterative algebraic reconstruction technique to determine the ‘velocity field’, i.e., the seismic velocity distribution, of the area covered by the ray paths. By periodically repeating the measurements in the same area, it was possible to follow the changes in the stress conditions caused by mining operations.     

PARAMETER ESTIMATION AND FAULT DETECTION BY THREE-COMPONENT SEISMIC AND GEOELECTRICAL SURVEYS IN A COAL MINE*

Three-component seismic and geoelectrical in-mine surveys were carried out in Lyukobanya colliery near Miskolc, Hungary to determine the in situ petrophysical parameter distributions and to detect inhomogeneities in the coal seam. The seismic measurements comprise an underground vertical seismic profile, using body waves, and an in-seam seismic amplitude-depth distribution and transmission survey, using channel waves. The geoelectrical measurements are based on the drift- and seam-sounding method. Interval traveltime-, amplitude-, multiple-filter- and polarization analysis methods are applied to the seismic data. They lead to a five-layer model for the strata including the coal seam. The coal seam and two underlying beds act as a seismic waveguide. The layer sequence supports the propagation of both normal and leaky mode channel waves of the Love- and Rayleigh type. A calculation of the total reflected energy for each interface using Knott's energy coefficients shows that the velocity ranges of high reflection energy and of normal and leaky mode wavegroups coincide. The excitation of wavegroups strongly depends on the seismic source. A simultaneous inversion of a geoelectrical drift- and seam-sounding survey prevents misinterpretations of the seismic data by clearly identifying the low-velocity coal seam as a high-resistivity bed. Calculations of dispersion and sounding curves improve the resolution of the slowness and resistivity in each layer. Both diminished amplitudes and distortions in the polarization of transmission seismo-grams and decreasing resistivities in a geoelectrical pseudosection of the coal seam are related to an inhomogeneity. A calculation of synthetic seismograms for Love and Rayleigh channel waves with the finite-difference and the Alekseev-Mikhailenko method agrees well with the field data for the main features, i.e., particular arrivals in the wave train, wavegroups, velocities and symmetries or asymmetries. This in-mine experiment demonstrates that the simultaneous acquisition, processing and interpretation of seismic and geoelectrical data improve the lithological interpretation of petrophysical parameter distributions. Coal seam inhomogeneities can also be detected more reliably by the two independent surveys than by one alone.