基于耦联分析的二次结构动力反应

以数值积分法为动力计算方法,在耦联计算主附结构体系动力反应的基础上,分析了二次结构质量、刚度、阻尼比及其所处楼层对其动力反应的影响。研究表明,二次结构与主体结构非共振时,其质量增加、所处楼层增高使其动力反应增大。二次结构与主体结构共振时,其动力反应明显增大;其质量增加使其最大相对位移减小,最大绝对加速度增大,其所处楼层增高使其动力反应增大。此外,二次结构阻尼的变化对其动力反应几乎无影响。     

主体结构隔震的二次结构减振分析

二次结构常常在大震甚至中小地震中发生损坏或中断工作，急需寻找安全有效的设计方法。对一幢典型结构，考虑不同场地条件、主体结构隔震以及二次结构不同阻尼比的影响，计算各层的楼面绝对加速度与相对位移反应谱。分析表明，主体结构隔震或同时增大二次结构阻尼是取得二次结构较好减振效果的有效途径，主体结构的隔震阻尼不宜太大，主体结构隔震后二次结构对所在楼层位置的敏感性大大降低。     

平转耦联隔震结构的动力特性及地震作用效应计算分析

建立了平转耦联隔震结构地震作用效应的计算方法，并在此基础上对结构的动力性能及隔震效果作出了比较和分析。     

平扭耦联隔震体系隔震支座阻尼分布影响分析

为了研究铅芯橡胶隔震支座的阻尼分布对平扭耦联隔震体系隔震效果的影响,本文对一个三层两跨钢框架,通过调整上部结构负重块位置及下部铅芯橡胶隔震支座的分布位置,进行不同偏心工况下平扭耦联隔震体系地震模拟振动台试验,获得了不同偏心工况、不同阻尼分布情况下结构位移和加速度的时程曲线。试验和分析表明:隔震层阻尼中心与上部结构的质心位置接近,或者增大隔震层的阻尼半径,可显著地降低上部结构的扭转反应。     

隔震减震主次结构体系非线性随机地震反应分析

为研究隔震、减震装置非线性恢复力特性对2自由度主次结构体系均方根位移反应的影响规律,以隔震、减震装置微分型恢复力模式的滞回参数为变量,地震地面运动模拟成高斯白噪声过程,利用等效线性化方法得到主体结构和二次结构均方根位移反应的表达式.分析表明,主体结构隔震装置非线性恢复力特征对主、次结构的均方根位移反应的影响占主导地位;隔震、减震装置的恢复力特征产生适度非线性有利于减小主、次结构的均方根位移反应.     

平扭耦联隔震体系的简化模型及有关参数变化的计算分析

本文根据隔震结构的动力学特点，提出了空间平扭耦联隔震结构简化计算模型，该模型仅有四个自由度，做定性分析和近似计算十分方便，力学概念明确可靠，文中并对这种体系的动力特性和反应，采用反应谱方法进行分析计算。还对平扭耦联隔震结构的重要特征参数对结构的动力特性和动力反应的影响，进行了较为全面的分析研究。     

单轴平扭耦联基础隔震结构动力简化分析

为了建立单轴平扭耦联基础隔震结构的动力简化分析方法,探讨了影响结构扭转反应的参数取值规律,首先基于层单元模型,通过假定上部结构楼层回转半径、偏心距、弹力半径相等,推导了单轴平扭耦联基础隔震结构线性化的动力计算方程;其次,运用该简化分析方程,通过一算例进行了动力响应的参数分析。结果表明:调整隔震层刚心使其与上部结构质心位置接近,可显著降低偏心隔震结构扭转反应;增大隔震层刚度半径及阻尼半径可有效减少或抑制结构扭转反应;所建简化分析方程能有效模拟偏心隔震结构动力响应。     

碟形弹簧竖向减震体系的分析与研究

对碟形弹簧竖向减震体系利用时程分析方法对其进行动力分析，并输入不同场地、不同频谱的地震波考察其减震效果，验证了碟形弹簧在合理控制其刚度的前提下可以起到有效减小竖向地震的作用。     

基础隔震结构反应谱拟谱与真谱差异研究

基于反应谱理论的隔震结构简化计算需要寻求并建立适合长周期和大阻尼比情况下的反应谱.文中指出规范反应谱及其拟相对位移反应谱在长周期部分存在的问题,对规范反应谱是否可用于隔震结构简化计算进行了分析,然后通过建立隔震结构反应谱,比较了隔震结构反应谱拟谱与真谱差异,分析了造成这些差异的原因,最后以算例具体分析规范反应谱理论的由地震作用求地震作用效应方法在隔震结构中的适用性.     

基础隔震结构的能量设计方法

本文以能量分析方法为基础,解释了基础隔震结构体系的能量设计原理和设计准则。根据作者建立的标准能量设计反应谱曲线,结合我国现行的抗震设计规范,建立了基础隔震结构体系的能量设计方法,通过能量平衡关系对隔层的变形反应进行预测．最后通过算例说明能量设计方法具有一定的可靠性,为该类体系的进一步推广奠定了基础。     

考虑桩土-隔震层-罐体相互作用的隔震储罐地震响应分析

为了研究桩土、隔震层与罐体相互作用对15×104m3隔震储罐地震响应的影响,桩与隔震层采用弹簧-阻尼单元,罐体采用壳单元,流体采用势流体单元,基于ADINA建立数值仿真分析模型,在8度E1 Centro地震动激励下,应用Newmark数值积分方法进行地震响应分析.结果表明:隔震储罐基底剪力和基底弯矩相对于非隔震储罐明显降低,储罐罐壁加速度沿罐壁高度方向近乎平动,但对波高的控制效果不明显;除罐壁顶部外,动液压力明显降低;隔震后,罐壁有效应力和环向应力减震效应明显,对轴向应力和径向应力影响较小,建议从安全角度考虑,储罐非隔震设计时不考虑桩土作用,隔震设计时考虑桩土对罐体的影响.     

Seismic demands on secondary systems in base‐isolated nuclear power plants

Numerical models of a sample nuclear power plant (NPP) reactor building, both conventionally constructed and equipped with seismic protective systems, are analysed for both safe shutdown and beyond‐design‐basis earthquake shaking at two coastal sites in the United States. Seismic demands on secondary systems are established for the conventional and seismically isolated NPPs. The reductions in secondary‐system acceleration and deformation demands afforded by the isolation systems are identified. Performance spaces are introduced as an alternate method for evaluating demands on secondary systems. The results show that isolation systems greatly reduce both the median and dispersion of seismic demands on secondary systems in NPPs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

考虑竖向地震作用的拱式廊桥的地震响应分析

本文以某大型商业拱式廊桥工程实例为依托,利用有限元软件分别建立了整桥模型和不考虑上部建筑结构的桥梁模型以及不考虑下部桥梁结构的建筑模型,并计算了各自的自振动力特性,在此基础上通过反应谱方法分析了同时考虑水平地震作用和竖向地震作用的廊桥主拱圈和上部建筑结构柱的地震响应以及不同模型计算结果的差异,以此研究桥梁结构与建筑结构的耦合作用,为廊桥的抗震设计或分析提供一定的参考依据。     

Seismic response of rotating machines–structure–RFBI systems

The seismic response of a critical rotating machine either rigidly attached to a floor or independently isolated housed within an initially aseismically designed or uncontrolled structure are investigated. A particular isolation system, the Resilient‐Friction Base Isolator (RFBI), is employed. Finite element formulations of a rotor‐disk‐bearing model on a rigid base are developed. The equations of motion for the combined rotating machine–structure–RFBI systems are presented. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the effects of variations in system physical properties including friction coefficient, mass ratio, shaft flexibility, bearing rigidity, bearing damping and speed of rotation on the response of rotating machines for the combined rotating machine–structure–isolator systems. Comparative studies in the peak response of the rotating machine supported on various isolation systems and the corresponding fixed base system are carried out. The study indicates that the Resilient‐Friction Base Isolator can significantly reduce the seismic response of rotating components to potentially damaging ground excitations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

连接区独立的多点支撑二次结构抗震分析

目前多点支撑二次结构地震响应分析把连接构件并人二次结构，假定与二次结构具有相同阻尼，与工程实际大多不符，存在一定近似，也不宜直接用来进行二次结构减振分析。为此提出将连接构件独立于二次结构考虑，采用具有连接区的混合子结构模态综合法分析主次结构地震响应，分析连接构件刚度、阻尼的变化对二次结构地震响应的影响，对连接构件合适的刚度与阻尼参数进行了讨论。     

Design of bilinear hysteretic isolation systems

This paper concerns the design of passive base isolation systems characterized by a bilinear hysteretic behaviour. The study refers to the case where the structure to be isolated (superstructure) vibrates according to the first mode. In this case the whole isolated structure can be modelled by a two‐degree‐of‐freedom system. The base isolation effectiveness has been evaluated for different characteristics of the device, namely mass, strength, elastic and plastic stiffness, by using mainly energetic quantities. The optimum values for the base device have been obtained by minimizing the input energy and the displacement of the superstructure. Conclusions are drawn for superstructures with a fundamental period of 0.5s, a damping ratio of 5% and for three different kinds of earthquake ground motions. The study showed that the seismic input greatly affects the behaviour of the isolated structure, and therefore the design ground motion must be carefully chosen, dependent on the characteristics of the site. A simple procedure that involves mainly linear dynamic analyses is proposed for the design of base devices used in conjunction with superstructures of any fundamental vibration period. The procedure produces good results in spite of its simplicity, and therefore it is suitable for practical use by design engineers. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Horizontal floor response spectra of base‐isolated buildings due to vertical excitation

A mechanism of horizontal floor response spectra amplification in the vicinity of higher modes' frequencies is investigated. It is demonstrated, by means of a simple two‐degrees‐of‐freedom model, that in the case of unsymmetrical superstructure, such amplification may occur because of the coupling between vertical excitation and horizontal response of the non‐isolated modes. This phenomenon is further illustrated by the results of analyses of a model of a nuclear plant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Response of structures supported on SCF isolation systems

Aseismic base isolation is an effective method used to protect structures and their contents against earthquakes. An isolated structure may be designed to remain elastic throughout major ground motions as a result of the efficiency of the isolation systems. In this paper, the equations of motion of two‐dimensional elastic structures supported on a new base isolation system called the Sliding Concave Foundation (SCF) are presented and a procedure for their solution is suggested. The responses of a number of structures subjected to different earthquake records are evaluated and the results are compared with those of the same structures supported on two other famous isolation systems and also a fixed base condition. The results indicate the effectiveness of the SCF in protecting the supported structures even during very strong and/or long period earthquakes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.