全极化SAR数据反演桥面高度

根据高分辨率SAR图像上建筑区的影像特征, 提出了基于灰度共生矩阵(gray-level cooccurrence Matrix, GLCM)纹理分析的建筑区提取方法, 该方法由初步定位和边界调整2个步骤组成, 均遵循特征计算、基于Bhattacharyya距离的特征选择和KNN分类流程, 所不同的是2个步骤中分别采用了逐块和逐点计算纹理特征的方式以兼顾纹理分析的效率和准确性。文中对不同SAR传感器获取的图像进行了实验。实验结果表明, 选用具有最大Bhattacharyya距离值的3或4个特征可以获得较好的初步定位结果, 建筑区的检测率超过80%, 虚警率低于10%;随着边界调整的进行, 检测到的建筑区边界逐渐接近于真实边界。实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

面向城市地物分类的SAR图像纹理特征提取与分析

合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像含有丰富的纹理信息,特别是进行城市地物分类时,纹理特征对于图像的解译具有重要的意义。本文对基于灰度共生矩阵和Gabor变换两种纹理特征提取方法进行了研究,将灰度和不同纹理特征组合应用于SAR图像城市地物分类,并以ALOS PALSAR影像为数据源进行了实验。通过对不同分类结果进行定性和定量分析,结果表明,引入纹理特征后的SAR图像分类结果要优于无纹理信息参与的分类结果,基于不同纹理特征组合的SAR图像分类结果要优于基于单一纹理特征的分类结果。     

面向城市地物分类的 SAR 图像纹理特征提取与分析

合成孔径雷达（ SAR）图像含有丰富的纹理信息,特别是进行城市地物分类时,纹理特征对于图像的解译具有重要的意义。本文对基于灰度共生矩阵和Gabor变换两种纹理特征提取方法进行了研究,将灰度和不同纹理特征组合应用于SAR图像城市地物分类,并以ALOS PALSAR影像为数据源进行了实验。通过对不同分类结果进行定性和定量分析,结果表明,引入纹理特征后的SAR图像分类结果要优于无纹理信息参与的分类结果,基于不同纹理特征组合的SAR图像分类结果要优于基于单一纹理特征的分类结果。     

综合Span图和纹理特征的高分三号影像建筑区提取

建筑区的识别和提取是城市环境规划与研究至关重要的工作。本文采用高分三号全极化SAR影像,提出了一种综合Span图和纹理特征的建筑区提取方法。首先基于Span图利用灰度共生矩阵算法提取图像的7种原始纹理特征,通过目视解译选择出4种纹理效果较好的统计量,然后利用主成分分析法去除他们之间的相关性,筛选出2个最佳纹理特征与Span图结合,最后对组合影像进行分类提取。本文将提取结果与综合灰度和纹理特征建筑区提取、无纹理特征提取方法结果进行对比,实验结果表明:本文方法提取建筑区边界轮廓更加清晰,精度可达92%,提取效果明显得到了优化。     

多特征加权融合的高分SAR影像建筑区提取方法

机载SAR影像分辨率的不断提高使得图像纹理信息更加丰富,对地物分类和提取具有重要意义。针对建筑区的纹理特点,该文提出了一种综合统计和结构多特征加权融合的建筑区提取方法。分别采用经典的灰度共生矩阵方法提取统计纹理特征和采用变差函数方法提取结构纹理特征,并考虑方向信息;然后利用提出的巴士距离特征权值计算方法,将所选特征进行加权融合;利用K均值聚类算法对融合后的特征图像进行非监督分类,对分类图像进行后处理并提取外部轮廓。以国产机载P波段全极化SAR影像为数据源进行了实验,并对结果进行了定量分析,表明该方法能够高精度地有效提取高分辨率机载SAR影像中的建筑区。     

辅以纹理特征的SAR图像分类研究

随着微波遥感的发展 ,SAR图像的应用越来越受到人们的重视。因为它不仅具有全天时 ,全天候的特性 ,而且它还能提供不同于红外和可见光传感器的不同的信息。但是 ,由于 SAR图像的成像特点 ,它的图像也表现出散斑多 ,波段少等缺点 [1 ]。在分析几种纹理统计分析方法的基础上 ,针对 SAR图像的特点 ,试图通过不同纹理分析方法达到提高 SAR图像解译精度的目的。试验表明 ,纹理分析对于提高 SAR图像解译精度是一种有效且重要的方法     

基于GLCM的侧扫声纳影像纹理数据库设计

根据侧扫声纳影像的特征,提出了基于灰度共生矩阵(gray level co-occurrence matrix,GLCM)纹理分析的声纳影像纹理提取方法,对不同的纹理特征参数进行量化分析,生成侧扫声纳纹理图像,并建立侧扫声纳图像纹理数据库,实验结果验证了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

利用纹理分析方法提取TM图像信息

以北京市丰台区为试验区 ,采用纹理分析方法对高分辨率图像的纹理信息进行分析 ,选取统计指标熵 ,通过确定熵的最佳阈值 ,进行边界匹配和图像的分割 ,将光谱混淆地物菜地和耕地分割开来 ,然后将此分割结果与TM图像分类结果进行叠合 ,得到最终的分类结果。并将该结果与最大似然分类结果以及单纯依靠纹理特征得到的分类结果进行了对比。试验结果表明 :将纹理分析方法应用于图像分类中可区分光谱混淆的地类 ,光谱与纹理特征结合得到的分类精度要远高于单纯光谱和单纯纹理的分类精度。     

基于灰度共生矩阵提取纹理特征图像的研究

在遥感影像分类的过程中非光谱特征起着重要的辅助作用。纹理特征作为一种重要的非光谱特征对于遥感影像分类精度的提高也有很重要的作用。本文主要研究了通过灰度共生矩阵提取纹理特征图像的方法,对该方法提取纹理特征图像进行了相关的实验分析。并将其在分类中的应用进行实验,证明了灰度共生矩阵提取的纹理特征对图像分类精度提高起到一定的作用。     

基于纹理和光谱信息的高分辨率遥感影像分类

提出了一种基于纹理和光谱信息的高分辨率遥感影像分类方法,阐述了其基本原理,并通过试验的对比和分析,证明了利用光谱特征与纹理特征相结合进行分类比单纯运用光谱特征进行分类效果更好。     

Fast algorithm for maneuvering target detection in SAR imagery based on gridding and fusion of texture features

Designing detection algorithms with high efficiency for Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) imagery is essential for the operator SAR Automatic Target Recognition(ATR) system.This work abandons the detection strategy of visiting every pixel in SAR imagery as done in many traditional detection algorithms,and introduces the gridding and fusion idea of different texture fea-tures to realize fast target detection.It first grids the original SAR imagery,yielding a set of grids to be classified into clutter grids and target grids,and then calculates the texture features in each grid.By fusing the calculation results,the target grids containing potential maneuvering targets are determined.The dual threshold segmentation technique is imposed on target grids to obtain the regions of interest.The fused texture features,including local statistics features and Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix(GLCM),are investigated.The efficiency and superiority of our proposed algorithm were tested and verified by comparing with existing fast de-tection algorithms using real SAR data.The results obtained from the experiments indicate the promising practical application val-ue of our study.     

Fast algorithm for maneuvering target detection in SAR imagery based on gridding and fusion of texture features

Designing detection algorithms with high efficiency for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is essential for the operator SAR Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) system. This work abandons the detection strategy of visiting every pixel in SAR imagery as done in many traditional detection algorithms, and introduces the gridding and fusion idea of different texture features to realize fast target detection. It first grids the original SAR imagery, yielding a set of grids to be classified into clutter grids and target grids, and then calculates the texture features in each grid. By fusing the calculation results, the target grids containing potential maneuvering targets are determined. The dual threshold segmentation technique is imposed on target grids to obtain the regions of interest. The fused texture features, including local statistics features and Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), are investigated. The efficiency and superiority of our proposed algorithm were tested and verified by comparing with existing fast detection algorithms using real SAR data. The results obtained from the experiments indicate the promising practical application value of our study.     

An improved building detection approach using L-band POLSAR two-dimensional time-frequency decomposition over oriented built-up areas

The objective of this study is to efficiently extract detailed information about various man-made targets in oriented built-up areas using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) images. This paper develops an improved approach for building detection by utilizing Two-Dimensional Time-Frequency (2-D TF) decomposition. This method performs outstandingly in distinguishing between man-made and natural targets based on the isotropic behaviors, frequency-sensitive responses, and scattering mechanisms of objects. The proposed method can preserve the spatial resolution and exploit the advantages of TF decomposition; specifically, the exact outlines of buildings can be effectively located, and more types of features (e.g., flat roofs, roads, and walls that are oblique to the radar illumination) can be distinguished from forests in complex built-up areas by 2-D TF decomposition. The coarser-resolution subaperture images that are produced in the azimuth direction, which correspond to different looking angles, are beneficial for detecting man-made structures with main scattering centers oriented at oblique angles with respect to the radar illumination. In the range direction, the obtained subaperture images, which correspond to various observation frequencies, can be helpful in distinguishing flat roofs and roads from forests. This method was successfully implemented to analyze both NASA/JPL L-band AIRSAR and L-band EMISAR data sets. The building detection results of the proposed method exhibit a significant improvement over those of other methods and reach an overall accuracy over 80%, with approximately 20% higher than the accuracies of K-means clustering and the entropy/alpha-Wishart classifier and approximately 10% higher than the accuracy of the support vector machine method. Moreover, building details can be precisely detected, obliquely oriented buildings can be identified, and the distinction between buildings and forests is significantly improved, as both visually and statistically indicated. This method is highly adaptable and has substantial application value.     

基于高分SAR影像的城市用地变化检测

SAR技术的发展使得该技术在人们生活和生产中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而且高分辨率SAR影像的使用推动了SAR技术在各个方面的研究和应用,其中对城市用地的变化监测效果十分明显。本文采用4景前后时间相差11个月的Terra SAR-X数据,运用对数比值法构造差异影像,最后使用马尔科夫随机场模型提取出城市建筑物用地变化区域。最终得到的结果与人工目视解译结果的重合率达到80%以上,表明该方法行之有效,可以推广生产。     

机载SAR影像定向中像点粗差的拟准检定方法

结合距离-多普勒模型,推导了SAR(synthetic aperture radar)影像定向中像点坐标粗差对误差方程的影响,分析了像点坐标粗差探测的必要性和难点;依据粗差的拟准检定法,针对SAR影像定向中的像点坐标粗差检定问题,设计了具体的解算流程和策略,首次将粗差的拟准检定法运用到机载SAR影像定向中。并分别利用模拟和实测数据进行了系统性的实验,结果表明,该方法不仅能够准确探测出多个粗差的位置,而且能够估计出粗差的大小。与SAR影像定向通常采用的最小二乘方法相比,该方法能够明显提高SAR影像定向参数的解算精度以及后续的立体定位精度,对于修复受粗差影响的SAR影像数据具有重要意义。     

顾及分类器参数的全极化SAR图像特征选择与分类

全极化SAR获取的信息量远多于传统SAR,但信息量的增加并不能确保分类精度的提高,如何有效进行特征选择至关重要。针对自适应特征选择问题,提出一种顾及分类器参数的特征选择和分类方法。该方法以支持向量数为评估依据,结合遗传算法进行特征选择,并同时对分类器参数进行寻优;最后利用优选的特征集和模型参数进行分类。为验证算法的有效性,利用两组全极化数据进行了监督分类实验。实验结果表明,提出方法降低了SVM分类器对自身参数的敏感性,而且能在较少特征个数下具备良好的泛化性能,分类精度优于未经过特征选择和参数优化的方法。     

改进的ELU卷积神经网络在SAR图像舰船检测中的应用

随着航天技术的发展,我国SAR载荷的探测体系呈现多种类、多分辨率的发展趋势。传统的检测识别方法很难适应多分辨率、多种类的SAR图像数据,从而需要寻求一种能从多分辨率的图像数据中提取有效特征的方法。智能化发展非常迅速,本文基于SAR图像的特点,提出了改进的ELU激活函数卷积神经网络的方法,建立了结合ELU激活函数和二次代价函数的深度学习模型。同时,在训练样本中建立样本特征与所在分类中心的距离函数,用模糊支持向量机（FSVM）对提取的特征进行了分类。试验结果表明,本文方法提高了SAR图像舰船检测的抗噪性,并且检测率达到了98.6%。     

Monitoring the evolution of irrigated areas with Landsat images using backward and forward change detection analysis in the Kou watershed,Burkina Faso

The Kou watershed is characterized by important water resources used for drinking, agriculture (especially in the irrigated areas), industry and the preservation of aquatic fauna and flora. For several decades, there has been increasing pressure on the Kou's water resources, partly because of the expansion of the irrigated agricultural areas. This study was conducted to examine this issue, focusing on one specific irrigated area. In order to monitor the expansion of irrigated areas in developing countries, a low-cost remote sensing method based on Landsat images and aerial photographs was developed. The method is based on maximum-likelihood classification, followed by backward and forward change detection analysis requiring agronomic expertise. Using pixel trajectory analysis, the method connects all pixels to their consecutive states in order to correct their current states. The study showed that the irrigated area has expanded by almost 70% over 20 years, with most of this expansion occurring in the past 10 years. The method, if validated, could be used to obtain better information on past occupation in the rural irrigated areas for which there is currently no archived data, making temporal analyses impossible.