北黄海辽宁海湾水质和底质污染状况再探

本文总结了北黄海辽宁青堆子湾，常江奥，小窑湾，大窑湾５个海湾水 和底质的化学污染物的分布特征。水质污染主要是无机氮和无机磷超标。底质污染为磷酸盐，硫化物和重金属多类污染要素超标。     

大连湾海域水质污染因子权重分析

在评价大连湾海域水质状况的基础上,以无机氮,无机磷、石油类及COD四项四子构造判断矩阵,通过计算矩阵的最大特征根所对应的特征向量,得出四项因子的权重,其权重排序表明无机氮,无机磷在该湾污染因子中占有较大权重,应依据海域功能区划及环境治理目标,控制该湾陆源污染物入海总量,逐步降低海水无机氮,无机磷及石油类等污染物的浓度,使海域环境质量得以改善。     

春、秋季考洲洋海水质量状况及评价方法初探

文章利用2017年11月（秋季）和2018年4月（春季）对惠州考洲洋海域开展的两个航次水环境调查数据,分析了考洲洋海域表层溶解氧（DO）、化学需氧量(COD)、无机氮(DIN)、无机磷(DIP)和石油类（OIL）等典型水质因子的水平分布和季节变化情况。结果表明,秋季溶解氧、化学需氧量、石油类分别在盐洲岛以东附近海域、考洲洋湾顶海域和盐洲岛东南海域出现高值区,而无机氮在整个考洲洋无明显区域分布差异,无机磷含量呈现考洲洋内湾到湾口逐渐递减的趋势;春季化学需氧量、无机磷均在考洲洋湾顶出现高值区域,无机氮在盐洲岛以东附近海域出现高值区,而溶解氧和石油类无明显变化。从季节变化来看,秋季考洲洋海域溶解氧、化学需氧量和石油类平均含量均比春季高;无机氮、无机磷则相反,平均含量秋季低于春季。同时,文章还分别利用单因子和综合因子方法对海水有机污染状况进行评价并对其进行比较分析,结果表明,有机污染评价指数法可充分考虑多种水质因子,更适合对考洲洋水环境质量进行评价,得到较为客观的综合评价结果。     

天津市建成较为完善海洋环境管理体系

从天津市环保局、市海洋局获悉,按照海洋环境规范的要求,该市近期在三种水质海区,分别在三个水期对本市近岸海域水质进行了常规监测,结果表明,该市近岸海域受到无机氮、无机磷、石油类等指标污染恶化的趋势得到控制,其他海洋环境质量指标保持良好的状态.     

厦门湾营养盐长期动态变化与陆源污染关系分析

近年来快速城镇化和人类活动导致沿海地区营养盐含量显著增加,导致海湾富营养化现象日趋严重。了解水体营养盐含量分布特征与陆源污染之间的关系,是对海湾进行有效环境管理的前提。本研究以2010—2019年福建省厦门湾近岸海域水质监测数据为基础,分析长期性、季节性水质空间分布特征,并利用富营养化指数法对海湾富营养化状态进行评价,为氮、磷污染物治理提供措施建议。结果表明：厦门湾自2013年以来无机氮、无机磷含量波动降低,但同安湾无机磷含量近年来有明显增加。春季和秋季无机氮、无机磷含量明显高于夏季,不同季节氮、磷含量均呈现由湾内向湾外递减的分布趋势,反映出典型的陆源输入特征。硝酸盐氮是厦门湾无机氮的最主要成分,其与无机磷的比值普遍高于Redfield比值。无机氮、无机磷是导致九龙江口、西海域、同安湾富营养化指数较高的主要因子,受径流调控明显,无机磷在秋季还受到沿岸排污口的显著影响。厦门湾亟需加强对所有入海河流氮、磷污染的总量控制,建议强化沿岸排污口的管控。     

定海西蟹峙海洋倾倒区周边海域环境质量综合评价

文章根据2012年9月定海西蟹峙海洋倾倒区及周边海域的水质监测结果,采用水质单因子指数评价法、有机污染指数法和富营养化指数法对水质污染状况进行分析评价,并对其潜在性富营养化进行了评价。结果表明:西蟹峙海洋倾倒区及周边海域水质重金属、化学需氧量、溶解氧含量符合《海水水质标准》第二类,无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量超标严重;该海域水质有机污染指数值较大,水质污染严重;该海域处于富营养化水平,富营养化较严重;潜在性富营养化评价结果为磷中等限制潜在性营养。     

埕岛油田海底管道工程海域环境现状及质量评价

利用实测资料采用《中国近海水质评价方法》对工程海域环境现状进行分析和质量评价。结果表明工程海域水体主要污染为有机污染和石油污染,主要污染物为无机氮、无机磷、石油类、铅、海域为三类海水。靠近采油平台、油井组的站位水质差,远离平台、井组水质较好,说明海上石油开发带来了一定的污染。工程海域内的底质尚未受到污染。     

大鹿岛海域富营养化程度研究

根据１９９０年夏季大鹿岛海域无机氮，无机磷，化学耗氧量及溶解氧调查资料，计算该海域富营养化及有机污染指数，揭示出大多数站位水质已呈富营养化状态，有机污染严重，模糊聚类分析将该海域水质划分出４种类型，分别是贫营养型，开始富营养化型，高ＣＯＤ富营养化型及高氮，磷富营养化型。     

大连市近岸海域水质污染类型及趋势研究

根据1991－1999年大连市近岸海域的水质监测资料对该区域水体的质量作了分析和评价，监测结果表明，大连市近岸水域水质的主要污染因子是无机氮，无机磷和油，并对整个个海域的污染趋势进行了研究，根据污染特征，分析了影水质的影响，并在此基础上提出了相应的防治措施。     

1994年中国海洋环境简况

1 中国近海环境质量状况 1994年我国沿岸海域主要污染物是无机氮和无机磷,各海域严重超标。东海沿岸无机氮的超标率最高,黄海沿岸最低,东海沿岸无机磷的超标率最高,南海沿岸最低,油类污染比1993年有所减轻,但在大连湾、胶州湾、珠江口等局部海域污染仍较严重。水质中重金属含量无超标现象,符合国家一类海水水质标准。     

营口市海水浴场资源环境容量分析

营口市位于辽宁省的中南部,面对渤海的辽东湾,背依鞍山市平原丘陵,东邻辽东崇山峻岭,西接盘锦市沿海平原,有辽河蜿蜒人海,海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响．营口市四季分明,气候宜人,蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源,海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩;尤其是海水浴场,条件极为优越,与国际上一流的海水浴场相比．毫不逊色,在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。     

A method of estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys

A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys.     

Estimates of fishery potentials of the EEZ of India

An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled.     

韩国的海岸带综合管理

1992年，联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念，并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标，而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中，沿海国家面临着巨大的困难，即：为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部（MOMAF）。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察，即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力，特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作，文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。     

天然气水合物地球化学特征

天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重     

海鸟系列CTD数据预处理分析

介绍了海鸟系列温盐深测量仪(CTD)原始数据预处理的方法和步骤,解释各个过程中的原理,根据规范和工作实际对处理过程中存在的问题进行分析,提出解决方案,针对资料的标准化提出建议和意见。     

A model of the dynamics of the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov

We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Analysis of photographic images of the structure of the surface of the sea near a speck of light

Values of root mean square slope ₀ and its variations -₀ are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When ₀ and -₀ are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5     

Hierarchy of the models of classical mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids

The methods of perturbation theory and integral representations are used to analyze the general properties of a system of equations of the mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids including the equations of momentum, mass, and temperature transfer. We also consider various submodels of this system, including the reduced systems in which some kinetic coefficients are equal to zero and degenerate systems in which the variations of density or some other variables are neglected. We analyze both regularly perturbed and singularly perturbed solutions of the system. In the case of reduction or degeneration of solutions, the order of the system decreases. In this case, regularly perturbed solutions are preserved (with certain modifications) but the number of singularly perturbed components participating in the formation of the boundary layers on contact surfaces and their analogs in the bulk of the fluid, i.e., the elongated high-gradient interlayers, decreases. The interaction between all components of the currents is nonlinear, despite the fact that their characteristic scales are different.