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广西地震台网数字记录爆破事件典型特征分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了2008—2012年广西地震台网数字爆破事件数字记录波形典型特征,结果表明:广西地区爆破的时间分布具有明显规律性,优势分布在中午与下午,晚上基本上不进行爆破作业,爆破地点固定。广西地震台网记录到的爆破发生在龙滩水库、扶绥昌平、南宁双定的采石场,龙滩水库的爆破震级分布主要在ML0.0~0.9,扶绥昌平、南宁双定的爆破震级分布主要在ML1.0~2.3之间,强度较低。广西地区爆破产生的P波方向呈四象限向上分布,爆破持续时间短、衰减快,S波周期较大且发育好,与天然地震波形存在明显的区别。正确识别爆破事件,对判断地震和爆破信号具有参考价值。 相似文献
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针对爆破振动对建筑物影响的测试方法、测试物理量选择、仪器性能要求、现场测试技术以及数据处理和分析要点等问题进行了较为系统的介绍,可供从事该项工作人员参考。 相似文献
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本文根据鹤壁地震台多年来深井水氡观测资料成果,分析了水氡效应特征及其机因,进而探讨了该井反应地壳应力状况敏感程度和预报地震的前景。 相似文献
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城市地震灾害与防震减灾对策 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
综合有关资料显示,地震灾害造成城市人员重大伤亡,经济损失惨重,是毁城之首。城市震灾具有许多特点,是防震减灾的重中之重,提出了城市的综合防震减灾对策,可减轻未来震灾损失,促进社会的稳定和可持续发展。 相似文献
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Earthquake-induced slope stability is evaluated by the force-equilibrium method in engineering practice. This method provides a safety factor against initiating failure or displacement according to the Newmark model along a fixed slip surface but it cannot evaluate failure deformations after failure occurs. An energy approach is proposed as an alternative means for evaluating slope failures and subsequent flow deformations. The driving energy for slope displacement is considered to be the earthquake energy and the gravitational potential energy. As a first step in the research, an energy balance is formulated for the model of a rigid block resting on an inclined plane. Then, an innovative model test is developed, in which the energy balance in a sliding slope is measured on a shake table. The earthquake energy used for the slope failure can be successfully quantified in the test and its contribution to displacement is discussed in the light of the energy balance established for the block model. 相似文献
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Nonuniform friction as a physical basis for earthquake mechanics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Amos Nur 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(4-5):964-989
A review of simple models and observations suggests that the main first-order features of active faulting-mechanical instability, the frequency-magnitude relations, seismic and aseismie slip, seismic radiation, incoherency and rupture stoppage — may be explained by a single characteristic of crustal faults: the spatial variation of the effective frictional stress, which resists slippage on faults. Faultoffset data suggest that rupture propagation ceases in regions of high resistance which act, as barriers. In these regions slippage is associated with negative stress drop. The spacing and the amplitudeA() of the barriers, as inferred from the frequency-magnitude and moment relation for earthquakes, obeys a simple statistical relationA()p. On the scale of particle motion, this variability of frictional stress provides a mechanical instability which may be associated with the concept of dynamic friction. Invariably, the rapid particle motion in the model is always preceded by accelerated creep. The particle acceleration is highly irregular, giving rise to an almost random acceleration record on the fault. The particle displacement is relatively smooth, giving rise to simple displacement time function in the far field. Rupture propagation time is approximately proportional to the gradient of frictional stress along the fault. Consequently sharp changes of this stress may cause multiple events and other long period irregularities in the fault motion.The power density spectrum associated with the frictional stress implies that stress may be related to a Poisson distribution of lengths. The autocorrelation of such type of distribution yields a correlation lengthk
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, similar perhaps toHaskell's (1964) andAki's (1967) correlation lengths inferred from spectral analysis of seismic waves. The partial incoherency of faulting implies that preseismic deformation may be significantly incoherent, consequently the prediction of small moderate earthquakes may be subject to inherent uncertainties. We conclude that frictional stress heterogeneities may be necessary and sufficient to explain active faulting associated with small and moderate earthquakes. 相似文献
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本文分析了强震刚发生,政府与公众急需知道什么信息,随着时间推移需要不断补充哪些信息,地震系统依靠台网测定、现场考察、系统内收集和汇总、预测研究等能够与时俱进提供哪些信息,并讨论了基层(市县局、台站)与省信息中心震后的互动问题. 相似文献
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提出一种地震活动期、幕最大地震M1的估计方法:利用中低震级累计频度∑N与震级近似的直线关系得到间隔地震频度N与震级的线性关系。用间隔度N与震级的线性关系估计最大地震M1。结果表明,以震级-间隔频率的线性关系估计的M1比震级-累计频度关系得到的M1更接近实际发生的最大地震震级,震级-累计频率关系得到M1通常被高估。基于震级-累计频度关系曲线的特征和震级-间隔频度的线性关系估计的最大地震M1,可为中-长期地震趋势预测提供新的信息。研究表明,中国大陆自1979年开始的地震幕即将结束,而帕米尔东北侧自1915年以来的地震平静期也将结束。 相似文献
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回顾了我国 30多年来的地震现场震情监视预报工作。该工作从目标角度考虑大致可分为二个不同的阶段, 1980年前主要是地震预报方法的探索, 而 1980年以后,更主要的是承担地震预报的社会服务。对我国赴国外地震现场的工作情况作了概述, 并提出了地震现场震情监视预报工作的可能前景。 相似文献
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地震海啸监测预警现状与进展 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
2004年12月26日印度洋地震大海啸引起了全世界公众的关注和政府的重视,如何预防地震海啸造成的灾害,建立有效的预警机制,成为政府和社会关注的话题。介绍了国内外地震海啸监测预警的历史、现状与当前的发展方向。 相似文献
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本文记述了1933年叠溪地震后的调查、报道和研究,重点介绍了中国西部科学院的叠溪地震调查及其著述《四川叠溪地震调查记》。关于叠溪地震,这是第一次科学性的现场调查和第一篇学术报告,具有重要的学术参考价值。 相似文献
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