大别-苏鲁区超高压变质岩的多期构造变质演化

对大别-苏鲁地区超高压(UHP)变质岩的详细构造和岩石学研究揭示了其复杂的构造变质演化历史。除前超高压事件外,至少可识别出5个相继发育的构造变质事件或阶段(D_1-D_5)。D_1和 D_2同超高压事件与三叠纪(250～230Ma)中朝克拉通和扬子克拉通间的大陆深俯冲及碰撞有关,而超高压后的 D_3和 D_4韧性变形及其伴生的减压部分熔融作用和退变质作用事件,则是超高压岩石向中上地壳折返过程中(230～140Ma)发生的。碰撞后形成的 D_4构造,主导了大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带区域尺度的构造格架。第5阶段的构造以摩擦或摩擦-粘性过渡性变形机制为主,并伴随有大规模的未变形的花岗质岩体就位,该期构造热事控制了现今大别-苏鲁地区的地貌学特征。新的构造和岩石学资料并结合可利用的地质年代学和地球化学等资料,提出一个涉及中朝与扬子克拉通间三叠纪大陆深俯冲、碰撞及相继超高压变质岩石向地表的多期折返构造变质演化模式。     

大别—苏鲁区UHP变质岩构造学及流变学演化

在大别—苏鲁区的30个关键位置,对UHP/HP变质岩进行详细构造解析、大比例尺(1∶10000)制图并在区域尺度上进行观察和对比,以便揭示它们的构造几何学、变形条件和流变学演化。初步的研究结果指出,广泛出露的UHP/HP榴辉岩相岩石形成一个巨大的UHP/HP变质带,提供了一个观察中朝与扬子克拉通之间三叠纪大陆深俯冲-碰撞带过程的窗口。观察的显微构造及组构指出,UHP/HP变质带内岩石变形机制,无论是在榴辉岩相阶段还是在榴辉岩相后阶段,都是以塑性流变为主,其力学行为和组构特征都受组成矿物的强度、强度差等流变学特征,以及变形物理环境如压力、温度、应变速率、差异应力和流体含量等的制约。在俯冲/碰撞带内的变形分解作用于岩石圈不同层次及不同的构造阶段都曾发生,而且,在不同尺度上,应变局部化形成具高应变的剪切带网络,且一般显示典型的布丁-基质或碎斑-基质构造及流变学型式。根据构造、岩石、变质作用及地质年代学资料,借助于岩石圈流变学基本原理,提出一个大别—苏鲁区UHP/HP变质岩石流变学演化的工作模式,它涉及早期扬子与中朝克拉通间三叠纪(~250~230Ma)大陆深俯冲/碰撞、UHP/HP变质岩形成,相继深埋岩石的多期折返。特别强调UHP/HP岩石向地壳表层的折返,主要是构造过程,地面侵蚀作用是次要的。     

大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带构造演化

大别—苏鲁是世界上超高压 (UHP) ( >2 .7GPa)和高压 (HP)变质岩石出露最为广泛的地区。通过区域研究 ,尤其是在选择的 30多个关键位置上不同尺度构造记录的深入观察 ,结合已有的可利用的变质、热事件及同位素年代学资料分析 ,揭示出它们曾遭受过一个复杂的从深俯冲到折返构造演化历程 ,识别出 5个主要的构造变质事件 :( 1)由块状榴辉岩中发育的微弱面理和线理所代表的第 1期变形变质事件 (D1) ;( 2 )面状榴辉岩中发育的含拉伸线理的透入性主面理、中小型鞘状褶皱及网络状韧性剪切带 ,代表第 2期构造变质事件 (D2 ) ;( 3)第 3期变形事件主体发生于麻粒岩 /角闪岩相后成合晶形成之后 ,主要构造记录是区域性陡倾斜面理及不均一置换的成分层、榴辉岩透镜体及布丁群、面理内褶皱、网状韧性剪切带系统以及减压部分熔融作用形成的混合岩和含榴花岗质岩石组构 ;( 4)区域性的碰撞期后地壳韧性薄化及剪张作用 (D4)形成缓倾斜角闪岩相主面理及线理、穹状及弧形构造和多层韧性拆离带 ,它们主导了现今观察到的大别—苏鲁超高压和高压变质带的区域构造几何图像 ;( 5 )第 5期构造热事件 (D5)表现为不均一断块抬升、红色沉积盆地发育及大规模的岩体和岩脉就位 ,代表造山晚期的构造揭顶及坍陷作用 ,该期构造控制着造山带     

桐柏-大别-苏鲁UHP和HP变质带的结构及流变学演化

在岩石圈流变学基本原理指导下，运用现代构造解析学方法，在不同尺度上差别和分析了桐柏－大别－苏鲁UHP和HP变质带内深俯冲，同碰撞构造及UHP和HP岩石折返过程中的变形特征，重点讨论同碰撞形成的高角度网结状榴辉岩切带阵列，高角闪岩相剪切及有关变形组合以及碰撞期后伸展韧性薄化变形样式，强调指出不同地壳层次和物理条件下变形分解作用的重要性，而且，在UHP和HP变质带内最有效的应变体制是剪切作用，并在三维空间上形成不同格式的剪切带网状系统，以构造学记录为主线，结合已有可利用的岩石学，变质作用pT轨迹和同位素年代学资料，提出一个UHP和HP变质带尺度上的流变学演化模式，其中，UHP和HP变质岩石由地幔深度折返到地壳表层，经历了楔状挤出，碰撞期后地壳韧性薄化及晚造山伸展塌陷，揭顶作用等多个阶段的动力学过程。     

大别—苏鲁区残余超高压构造及其动力学意义

根据构造学及岩石学研究并结合已有同位素年代学资料地质意义分析证明, 现在观察到的大别-苏鲁超高压变质带的区域构造框架, 主要是在三叠纪中朝与扬子克拉通碰撞期后(200~170 Ma) 伸展体制和角闪岩相条件下形成的. 残余的同碰撞及超高压构造只保留在较大的榴辉岩及其他超高压变质岩体内部. 以湖北省麻城县乘马岗和何家湾、安徽省岳西县碧溪岭及江苏省东海等地区的榴辉岩为例, 分析描述了具弱面理的块状榴辉岩、超高压剪切带和A型褶皱等残余超高压构造. 强调指出, 只是这些早期的构造记录才反映大陆碰撞阶段的构造环境及相对运动学特征. 据此提出一个运动学模型, 表示三叠纪(240~210 Ma) 扬子克拉通向北俯冲于中朝克拉通之下并与其发生斜向碰撞的动力学格局.      

大别—苏鲁超高压变质带内的块状榴辉岩及其构造意义

大别—苏鲁超高压(> 27× 108Pa) 变质带内的榴辉岩, 在大陆深俯冲、碰撞和折返剥露过程中, 大都遭受了强烈的变形和变质作用的重置与再造.但是, 大型榴辉岩体核部以及包裹于大理岩和石榴橄榄岩体内部的块状榴辉岩, 往往保留其初始简单的矿物组合、中-细粒状变晶结构和块状构造.详细地分析了块状榴辉岩的几何学、岩相学及变质作用特征, 指出它们是超高压榴辉岩递进及多期变质变形分解作用的残留体, 位于尺度不同的弱应变域内, 是大陆深俯冲及碰撞作用的真正记录.      

大别-苏鲁超高压变质岩研究新思路: 偏光显微镜阴极发光技术的应用

利用偏光显微镜阴极发光技术可观察到其他常规成分结构测试法不易识别或容易忽略的多种矿物的生长结构, 该技术是进行后续成分分析的有效预研究手段, 可为重建矿物形成演化过程提供重要信息.该技术在国际岩石矿物学、油气储层及矿床学领域应用广泛, 但在变质岩研究领域的应用较薄弱.综述该技术在国际超高压变质岩研究领域的应用, 并利用其对大别-苏鲁超高压变质带经典地区的超高压榴辉岩、云母片岩、大理岩进行初步研究, 讨论它在多期微细矿物相快速鉴别、生长环带、微量元素分布规律、双晶纹、出溶结构等内部结构表征方面的应用价值和前景.偏光显微镜阴极发光技术与拉曼光谱、扫描电镜、电子探针等分析技术相结合, 可为我国超高压变质岩的研究开辟和扩展一条新思路.      

大别—苏鲁超高压变质带内变形分解作用对榴辉岩透镜体群发育的影响——以碧溪岭地区为例

确定超高压高压岩体的大小、分布、构造关系及变质演化，是理解超高压变质岩形成和折返动力学过程的关键。在大别－苏鲁超高压变质带内，榴辉岩及变质的镁铁质－超镁铁质岩石，一般成厘米至公里尺度的布丁或透镜体，散布于片麻岩及面理化含榴花岗岩内。区域系统性的岩石学及构造学观察，尤其是在安徽省碧溪岭区1：1万比例尺的精细制图中证实，榴辉岩及其它超高压变质岩透镜体群的形成，主要是多期及递进变形分解作用的结果，造成了网络状线形强应变带与透镜状弱应变域流变学组合型式。榴辉岩与围岩片麻岩的过渡关系也证实，超高压变质的榴辉岩体是“原地”形成的。榴辉岩体的形态、大小及空间分布规律特征，不支持超高压变质带岩石属构造混杂岩的推论，而是反映了超高压及角闪岩相条件下不均匀韧性流动的应变图像。     

苏鲁榴辉岩在俯冲峰期-折返早期的递进塑性变形过程及对超高压变质岩石折返动力学的启示

榴辉岩的变形特征严重影响俯冲板片的流变学行为,而石榴石的变形机制又直接制约着榴辉岩的变形属性。本文在结合前人研究的基础上,通过对中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）主孔榴辉岩中石榴子石的典型变形特征的详细对比和分析,进一步证明了榴辉岩在俯冲峰期条件下可以发生强烈的塑性变形。且俯冲峰期-折返早期经历了从以恢复作用主导的位错蠕变,到动态重结晶、扩散蠕变,再到静态重结晶和矿物生长的连续递进变形过程。其中,从动态重结晶到高温静态重结晶的转换,结合短时增温、局部熔融等证据,共同证明了在苏鲁超高压变质岩石折返过程中存在一个短暂的低应力“热”区间,在此前后,折返机制和驱动力发生了转变,由浮力作用下的快速折返转为以挤压透入性剪应力作用下的缓慢抬升阶段。     

桐柏高压变质地体:对桐柏-大别-苏鲁高压/超高压变质带构造框架和俯冲/折返机制的制约

桐柏造山带位于秦岭造山带和大别-苏鲁造山带之间,是揭示秦岭-桐柏-大别-苏鲁巨型造山带中各地质体之间构造关系及地质演化差异的关键地区。桐柏高压变质地体主要由两个高压岩片(I和II)及其北侧的构造混杂岩带和南侧的蓝片岩-绿片岩带构成。高压岩片I以北、南两条榴辉岩带为代表,构成桐柏山背形构造的两翼,其峰期变质条件分别为530~610℃、1.7~2.0GPa和460~560℃、1.3~1.9GPa。高压岩片II以桐柏杂岩中的变质岩包体为代表,其峰期变质条件推测在<700℃、>1.2GPa的榴辉岩相范围内,而退变质条件为660~700℃、0.80~1.03GPa。U-Pb、Lu-Hf、Rb-Sr和Ar-Ar同位素年代学研究表明,高压岩片I的峰期变质时代为255Ma,冷却至白云母封闭温度的时代为238Ma;而高压岩片II的主期变质作用发生在232~220Ma,作为桐柏杂岩主体的片麻状花岗岩则侵位于140Ma。这说明,高压岩片I和II分属于两个时代不同的俯冲/折返岩片,当高压岩片II被俯冲到地壳深处并经受高压变质时,其上覆的高压岩片I已经折返到中上地壳的水平。这一结果验证了在西大别、东大别和苏鲁地区提出的高压/超高压岩石的穿时(或差异)俯冲/折返模型,同时说明华南大陆地壳最早的俯冲发生在晚二叠世,这也代表华北与华南陆块之间从洋壳俯冲转化为陆壳俯冲的时间。基于桐柏杂岩与北大别杂岩的可比性,认为桐柏高压变质地体相对低温低压的变质环境以及超高压岩石的缺乏缘于华南陆块的俯冲深度向西逐渐变浅,而早白垩世的构造挤出造成了桐柏-大别高压/超高压变质带东宽西窄的构造格局。     

Petrological and Geochemical Characteristics of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks from the Dabie-Sulu Terrane,East-Central China

The Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane is the largest in the world. Mafic-ultramafic rocks occur as ubiquitous minor components in it, and preserve UHP index minerals such as coesite and microdiamond. Eclogites and garnet peridotites together with their country rocks including quartzofeldspathic, pelitic, psammatic, and carbonate rocks were subjected to coeval UHP meta-morphism during the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. This review summarizes petrological and geochemical characteristics of eclogites, garnet peridotites, and UHP metasediments from published data and ongoing research in the Dabie-Sulu belt of east-central China.

Parageneses of minerals from coesite-bearing eclogites encased in gneiss, garnet peridotite, and marble delineate clockwise P-T paths characterized by nearly isothermal decompression. Many eclogites have been overprinted by Barrovian-zone amphibolite- to granulite-facies assemblages, whereas others preserve primary igneous minerals and textures in the cores of coesite-bearing eclogitic blocks. In addition, eclogites contain UHP hydrous and carbonate phases including talc, epidote, zoisite, magnesite, and dolomite; these together with Ti-clinohumite, phlogopite, amphibole, chlorite, and possible talc in garnet peridotites and OH-topaz in kyanite quartzites document the role of hydrous mineral transport to the deep mantle in fluid-deficient UHP metamorphic regions. Both crustal- and mantle-derived garnet peridotites from the Dabie-Sulu region were recrystallized within the diamond stability field, with the Earth's lowest recorded geothermal gradient. <5°C/km, suggesting that UHP metamorphic recrystallization took place in a previously unrecognized, forbidden P-T region.

Geochemical and isotopic data indicate that Dabie-Sulu mafic-ultramafic rocks have diverse origins; their compositions in some cases have been complicated by metamorphic recrystallization, crustal contamination, and fluid metasomatism. Nevertheless, REE geochemical and Nd isotope data clearly indicate that they have “continental” affinities and cannot represent a subducted Tethyan oceanic slab. Garnet peridotites and their enclosing eclogites display variable isotopic compositions; mantle-derived fragments preserve a mantle signature, whereas crust-hosted mafic-ultramafics display distinct crustal contamination and metasomatism. Among the many outstanding projects remaining to be investigated, geochemical and isotopic constraints of mantle-derived garnet peridotites and eclogites should provide an additional window to our understanding of mantle heterogeneity, metasomatism, slab/mantle interactions, and lithospheric evolution of the Sino-Korean craton.     

Partial Melting Processes During Exhumation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks in Dabieshan, China

INTRODUCTIONUptonowthereisinagreementonthetectonic-dynamicbackgroundoftheformationofUHPmetamorphicrocks,i.e.,theUHPMrocksareproductsofobliquecollisionbe-tweentheYangtzeandSinokoreancratonsinIndosinianstage(Jahn,1998lWangandCong,l998,1996;Lietal.,l997,l996iHackeretal.,l996ILiouet.al.,l9961Okay;Sen-gor,l993,CongandWang,l994;Sengor,1993).Buthowthesemetamorphicrocksareformedatmantledepthexhumedbacktothesurfacesorapidlyisstillastandingproblem-TheexhumationofUHPMrocksisacomplextectoni…     

北苏鲁威海地区伟晶岩的形成过程及其与超高压岩石深熔作用的成因关系

在北苏鲁超高压变质带的威海地区,普遍发育与含黑云母正片麻岩深熔作用存在密切成因关系的伟晶岩,它们主要以规模不一的脉体、无根不规则的透镜体赋存于超高压的含黑云母正片麻岩中.锆石中矿物包体的激光拉曼鉴定、锆石阴极发光图像分析、不同性质锆石微区U-Pb定年以及锆石原位微量元素和Lu-Hf同位素测试等综合研究结果表明,伟晶岩 (WH19) 中的锆石成因相对复杂,可划分为两种类型:第一类具有强发光效应 (白色) 的继承性岩浆结晶锆石的核 (Ic)、强发光效应 (灰白色) 新生岩浆结晶锆石的幔 (m) 和相对弱发光效应 (黑色) 的岩浆结晶锆石的边 (r);第二类具有强发光效应 (灰白色) 新生岩浆结晶锆石的核 (c) 和相对弱发光效应 (黑色) 的岩浆结晶锆石的边 (r).其中继承性岩浆结晶锆石核部 (Ic) 的矿物包体为Qtz + Kfs + Pl + Ap,与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩的基质矿物组合十分相似.继承性岩浆结晶锆石核部 (Ic) 记录的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为769～228 Ma, 所组成的不一致线的上交点年龄为788±21 Ma,下交点年龄为225±20 Ma,这两组年龄分别与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩的原岩形成时代和超高压变质时代完全一致,表明该类继承性岩浆锆石来源于围岩含黑云母正片麻岩.新生岩浆结晶锆石的核部 (c) 和幔部 (m) 的矿物包体为Qtz + Kfs + Ap,与伟晶岩的基质矿物组合相似,记录的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为223～217 Ma, 谐和年龄为219.5±1.4 Ma,应代表伟晶质岩浆的形成年龄或新生岩浆的初始结晶年龄.这组年龄比含黑云母正片麻岩的超高压年龄偏新,表明深熔作用应滞后于苏鲁地体超高压变质时代,更有可能发生于构造折返麻粒岩相升温减压退变质阶段.新生岩浆结晶锆石的边部 (r) 矿物包体相对较少,记录的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为217～211 Ma, 谐和年龄为214.6±1.7 Ma,应代表伟晶质岩浆结晶结束的时代.继承性岩浆结晶锆石 (Ic) 的176Lu/177Hf = 0.00031～0.00360,~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf(t) = 0.282051 ～0.282348,εHf(t) = -8.3～2.4,T_(DM2) = 1.43～2.02 Ga,与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩中岩浆结晶锆石的Lu-Hf同位素特征完全一致,这进一步充分证明了新元古代含黑云母正片麻岩是深熔作用形成的伟晶质岩浆的母岩.麻粒岩相退变质阶段形成的新的岩浆结晶锆石的核部 (c) 和幔部 (m) 与继承性岩浆结晶锆石的Hf同位素特征存在明显差异,176Lu/177Hf = 0.00031～0.00099,~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf(t) = 0.282175～0.282225,εHf(t) = -16.7～-14.9,T_(DM2) = 1.91～2.0 Ga,表明在麻粒岩相退变质阶段,围岩含黑云母花岗岩的深熔作用是在开放体系条件下进行的.与新生岩浆结晶锆石核部 (c) 和幔部 (m) 对比,新生岩浆结晶锆石的边部 (r) 具有偏低的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf(t)、εHf(t) 和更加离散的176Lu/177Hf(t) 值,176Lu/177Hf(t) = 0.00059～0.00288,~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf(t) = 0.282110～0.282168,εHf(t) = -20.6～-17.3,T_(DM2) = 2.03～2.21 Ma,表明伟晶质岩浆在临近结晶结束时仍然处在一个相对开放的体系条件.     

Post-Collisional Ductile Extensional Tectonic Framework in the UHP and HP Metamorphic Belts in the Dabie-Sulu Region, China

The present-day observable tectonic framework of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process, mostly between 200 and 170 Ma, following the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. The framework that controls the present spatial distribution of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in particular displays the typical features of a Cordilleran-type metamorphic core complex, in which at least four regional-scale, shallow-dipping detachment zones are recognized. Each of these detachment zones corresponds to a pressure gap of 0.5 to 2.0 GPa. The detachment zones separate the rocks exposed in the region into several petrotectonic units with different P-T conditions. The geometry and kinematics of both the detachment zones and the petrotectonic units show that the exhumation of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie-Sulu region was achieved, at least in part, by non-coaxial ductile flow in the mul     

Helium Isotope Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Eclogites From the Dabie-Sulu Terrane in East China

The 3He/4He ratios of most eclogites from the Dabie-Sulu terrane range from 0.056 to 0.67 Ra; the data points fall into the mixing part of the crust and the mantle in the 3He-4He diagram. The 3He/4He ratios of eclogites are obviously correlated with the types of their surrounding rocks. The helium isotope composition of the eclogites from the Bixiling complex possesses characters of mantle-derived rocks with the 3He/4He ratio being 5.6 Ra. The 4He concentration of the eclogites exhibits visible inverse correlation with the δ18O value of the quartz in the eclogites from the Sulu area. The δ18O values of the eclogites change synchronously with those of the country rocks. Those results suggest that protoliths of the eclogites were basic-ultrabasic rock bodies or veins intruding into the continental crust in the early stage; strong exchange and hybridization between the basic-ultrabasic rocks and continental rocks and the atmospheric water during the intrusion led to abrupt increase of the 3He/4He ratios,     

New Data Regarding Hotly Debated Topics Concerning UHP Metamorphism of the Dabie-Sulu Belt,East-Central China

Critical but controversial problems in the study of UHP metamorphic rocks from the Dabie-Sulu region include: (1) the possible existence of ophiolitic mélange; (2) the “in situ” versus “foreign” origin of UHP eclogites and their enclosing gneisses; (3) the possible presence and role of fluids during ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) recrystallization; (4) the timing of collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean continental blocks; (5) the polarity of syncollisional subduction; and (6) a single-versus multistage exhumation scenario for the UHP rocks. These questions are discussed in light of new geological, geochemical, and isotopic constraints.

Our conclusions for the Dabie-Sulu belt are as follows: (1) Mafic-ultramafic blocks are of two distinct origins: one group samples lithosphere of the suprasubductionzone mantle wedge, whereas the second group represents postcollisional magmatic intrusions. Neither lithologic group represents true oceanic crust. (2) Quartzofeldspathic gneisses enveloping the eclogites are of two types— metasedimentary “in situ” and igneous “foreign.” The paragneisses contain UHP garnets + white micas, and are uniformly older (235 ± 5 Ma) than the orthogneisses (210 ± 5 Ma), which are devoid of UHP mineralogic indicators. (3) Fluids were active under UHP conditions and allowed the formation of UHP hydrous phases such as phengite and zoisite. However, the aqueous fluids may have been restricted to certain channels/pathways during exhumation. External fluids were absent until ascent of the UHP rocks to middle-crustal levels. (4) The Yangtze and Sino-Korean continental blocks collided during 230 to 240 Ma, when supracontinental rocks experienced UHP metamorphism. The HP metamorphic event dated as >400 Ma might record a subduction of oceanic crust during the Paleozoic. (5) An ancient mantle wedge is revealed by geochemical characteristics of Mesozoic magmatic rocks developed on the southern margin of the Sino-Korean craton, the hanging wall of the UHP-rock-bearing unit. Seismic tomography images reveal that the Yangtze block extends beneath the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. This indicates that both oceanic and continental crust had a northward subduction polarity. (6) Taking petrologic and geochronological data into account, we prefer a multistage exhumation model. The UHP rocks were exhumed rapidly during the first stage (230 to 200 Ma), perhaps reflecting a corner-flow mechanism. Then, buoyancy and mantle upwelling brought the UHP rocks up to middle-crustal levels during the second stage (200 to 170 Ma). Extension and thermal uplift, as well as erosion, eventually exposed the UHP rocks to the surface in the third stage (170 to 120 Ma).     

~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar Dating of Deformation Events and Reconstruction of Exhumation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks in Donghai, East China

Recent investigations reveal that the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in the Donghai region of East China underwent ductile and transitional ductile-brittle structural events during their exhumation. The earlier ductile deformation took place under the condition of amphibolite facies and the later transitional ductile-brittle deformation under the condition of greenschist facies. The hanging walls moved southeastward during both of these two events. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of muscovites from muscovite-plagioclase schists in the Haizhou phosphorous mine, which are structurally overlain by UHPM rocks, yields a plateau age of 218.0±2.9 Ma and isochron age of 219.8Ma, indicating that the earlier event of the ampibolite-facies deformation probably took place about 220 Ma ago. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of oriented amphiboles parallel to the movement direction of the hanging wall on a decollement plane yields a plateau age of 213.1±0.3 Ma and isochron age of 213.4±4.1 Ma, probably representing the age o     

Polyphase Deformation of the Weihai-Rongcheng UHP Unit Rocks, NE Sulu： Insights into the Tectonic Evolution of the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP Belts, China

Different scales of structural data reveal a complex deformation history of ultrahigh- pressure （UHP） rocks exposed in the Weihai-Rongcbeng area, NE Sulu （northern Jiangsu-eastern Shandong）, eastern China. Excluding pre-UHP deformations, at least five major sequential deformational stages （D1-Ds） are recognized. The first deformation （DO produced a weak foliation and lineation in massive eclogites. The foliated eclogite with a dominant foliation containing a stretching and mineral lineation was developed during the I）2 deformation. Both the D1 and D2 deformations occurred under UHP metamorphic conditions, and are well preserved in the eclogite bodies. D3 structures which developed shortly after the formation of granulite/amphibolite facies symplectites are characterized by imbricated associations marked by a regional, steeply dipping foliation, compositional layering, eclogite boudinage, isoclinal folds and reverse ductile shear zones. The D3 deformation was accompanied by decompressional partial melting. A regional, gently dipping amphibolite facies foliation and stretching lineation, low-angle detachments, and dome- and arc-shaped structures formed during the D4 deformation stage dominate to some degree the map pattern of the Weihai-Rongcbeng UHP domain. The last stage of deformation （Ds） gave rise to the final exhumation of the UHP rocks. Ds is characterized by development of brittle-dominated high-angle faulting associated with emplacement of large volmnes of undeformed granite plutons and dykes dated at 134-100 Ma. The deformational and metamorphic sequence followed by the UHP rocks in the Weihai-Rongcheng area is similar to that studied in the entire Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts from microscopic to mapping scale. Based on structural data, combined with available petrographic, metamorphic and geochronological data, a speculative tectonic evolutionary model for the Dabie-Sulu UHP and IIP belts is proposed, involving continental subduction/collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons and subsequent polyphase exhumation histories of the UHP and IIP metamorphic rocks.