内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区早白垩世新的翼龙类化石

发现于内蒙古鄂托克旗召稍早白垩世罗汉洞组的一件不完整翼龙类下颌标本,以下颌愈合部长且平直、齿骨侧嵴发育、近圆形齿窝沿侧嵴之上的齿骨侧面上半部分自前向后呈直线排列、齿窝直径(2~2.5 mm)前后变化较小、相邻齿窝的间距约为齿窝直径的一半、下颌牙齿密度为3枚/cm等特征,可归入梳颌翼龙科(Ctenochasmatidae),且代表一新属种——郝氏鄂托克翼龙Otogopterus haoae gen.et sp.nov.。该化石是继鄂托克旗新召准噶尔翼龙科的平颌鄂尔多斯翼龙Ordosipterus planignathus之后在内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区发现的第2件确切翼龙类材料,丰富了这一地区早白垩世脊椎动物群的组成。该翼龙也是继甘肃庆阳环河翼龙Huanhepterus quingyangensis之后在鄂尔多斯盆地发现的第2种梳颌翼龙科化石,进一步扩大了鄂尔多斯盆地梳颌翼龙科的地理分布范围,同时表明鄂尔多斯盆地是继辽宁西部之后梳颌翼龙科在中国的又一重要分布区。     

山东诸城地区早白垩世一新龟类足迹

1923年Nopcsa命名的Emydichnium是龟类足迹最早的报道,后来其他一些中生代的足迹也被陆续报道描述。但是大多数化石只显示出或多或少的明显爪印或者划痕,无法反映造迹者足部较为全面的生物学特征。山东诸城皇龙沟足迹点保存了早白垩世大量形态多样的龟类足迹,本文对其中一保存较好,能够反映足部生物学特征的龟类足迹进行了详细描述,并依据数据统计与莱阳足迹Liayangpus进行对比,显示两者存在明显不同。诸城的龟类足迹区别于以往发现的龟类足迹,因此根据其形态建立新种：完整诸城足迹Zhuchengichnites perfectus。本文亦对中国发现的龟类足迹化石点的层位、保存类型等进行了总结。     

山东诸城地区早白垩世一新龟类足迹

1923年Nopcsa命名的Emydichnium是龟类足迹最早的报道,后来其他一些中生代的足迹也被陆续报道描述。但是大多数化石只显示出或多或少的明显爪印或者划痕,无法反映造迹者足部较为全面的生物学特征。山东诸城皇龙沟足迹点保存了早白垩世大量形态多样的龟类足迹,本文对其中一保存较好,能够反映足部生物学特征的龟类足迹进行了详细描述,并依据数据统计与莱阳足迹Liayangpus进行对比,显示两者存在明显不同。诸城的龟类足迹区别于以往发现的龟类足迹,因此根据其形态建立新种：完整诸城足迹Zhuchengichnites perfectus。本文亦对中国发现的龟类足迹化石点的层位、保存类型等进行了总结。     

内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区早白垩世原角龙类化石的发现及其意义

根据采自内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯杭锦旗一件恐龙不完整头骨新材料的形态学特征,鉴定其为原角龙未定种(Protoceratops sp.),产出地层为下白垩统.这是原角龙属化石在早白垩世地层中的首次报道,也是该类恐龙在鄂尔多斯地区的首次记录.该化石的发现,扩大了原角龙化石在我国的地理分布范围,也丰富了鄂尔多斯地区恐龙动物群的内容.     

内蒙古霍林河盆地早白垩世植物化石

本文研究了内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河组下含煤段的植物化石,共鉴定了21属36种。植物组合以蕨类占优势,银杏类、苏铁类和松柏类均有一定比例,同海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组所含植物组合成分相似。地层对比表明,霍林河组与海拉尔盆地的大磨拐河组和伊敏组可以对比,也能同阜新盆地的沙海组和阜新组对比。植物组合成分及地层对比都表明该植物组合时代为早白垩世早期。本文还描述了5个新种: Coniopteris huolinhensis sp.nov,Cladophlebis neimengensis sp.nov,pterophyllum huolinhense Sp.nov.pl.angustifolium Sp.nov,Nilssonia zelimunsia Sp.nov.     

内蒙古鄂托克旗早白垩世华夏鸟的又一发现及其飞行能力分析

记述了2008年发现于内蒙古鄂托克旗查布地区的1件查布华夏鸟(Cathayornis chabuensis)标本,也是继2002年以来在这里发现的第二件华夏鸟。该标本保存有发育完好的胸骨、叉骨等骨骼及部分清晰的骨骼印痕。将这些骨骼与已发表的沃氏始华夏鸟(Eocathayornis walkeri)、燕都华夏鸟(C.yandica)和查布华夏鸟(C.chabuensis)对应的骨骼进行对比分析,认为查布华夏鸟(C.chabuensis)除了同燕都华夏鸟(C.yandica)存在较大的相似性外,同时表现出较沃氏始华夏鸟(E.walkeri)、燕都华夏鸟(C.yandica)有很多进步的特征。此外,还就华夏鸟的飞行能力从骨骼的功能行为角度进行了分析讨论,提出查布华夏鸟(C.chabuensis)不仅如其他白垩纪早期的华夏鸟一样,已经具备一定的飞行能力,而是具有较发育飞行系统的善于飞行的鸟类。     

冀北滦平盆地发现早白垩世离龙类化石

离龙类是热河生物群具有代表性的脊椎动物,在辽西等地广泛分布,而冀北地区作为热河生物群的重要产地,在白垩纪地层中尚未发现离龙类信息.本研究在冀北滦平盆地确认了离龙类化石的存在,化石为满洲鳄未定种和离龙类未定种,产出于九佛堂组,时代为早白垩世.此次发现填补了河北省早白垩世离龙类化石的空白,为研究冀北热河生物群的生态环境和生命演化提供了新材料,对于研究中国北方热河生物群离龙类地理地史演化具有重要意义.     

中国辽宁义县早白垩世燕鸟一新种

辽宁锦州义县早白垩世义县组发现了一种新型燕鸟(Yanornis)化石.该新型化石具有燕鸟的典型特征,如齿骨直且约占头骨全长的2/3、每侧约含20枚牙齿,颈椎细长,异凹型.愈合荐椎包括9枚脊椎,前肢约为后肢长的1.1倍.近端脚趾较其它趾节长和粗壮.然而,该新型化石部分特征又不同于燕鸟的模式种——马氏燕鸟(Yanornis martini),如其肱骨三角肌脊强烈发育,约为肱骨长度的一半.尺骨、桡骨及手部近等长,均长于肱骨.耻骨联合部较短,与尾综骨等长,不到耻骨长度的1/6.腓骨较长,约为股骨长度的4/5,约为胫跗骨长度的2/3.跗跖骨较短并完全愈合,不及胫跗骨长度一半.根据该新型化石的独特性及其与义县鸟、松岭鸟和马氏燕鸟的特征对比,笔者建立了燕鸟一新种——国章燕鸟(Yanornis guozhangisp.nov.).此外,国章燕鸟(新种)颈部还保存有3条鱼化石,这一特殊现象为研究燕鸟的生活习性和发育模式提供了重要信息.     

内蒙古赤峰早白垩世昆虫化石的新发现

本文首次描述了内蒙古自治区赤峰市早白垩世九佛堂组的鞘翅目和异翅目昆虫化石４属５种，其中３新属５新种。这些昆虫化石通过与国内、外相关类群的对比，为该区的地层划分、对比和地质时代的确定，提供了最新的依据。由古生态方面分析，该区为湖沼环境，水体充沛，为古黑龙江流域的一部分。文中里阿龙虱科、沼梭科和中生五节蝽科的材料在国内是首次报道。     

内蒙古平庄-元宝山盆地早白垩世植物化石及地层时代

内蒙古赤峰市东南部的平庄—元宝山盆地杏园组和元宝山组为含煤地层,时代归属有争议。杏园组所产６属７种植物,主要为早白垩世的常见分子,反映时代为早白垩世早期,相当于凡兰吟期到欧特里夫早期,与辽西的沙海组、内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河组下含煤段和海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组可以对比。元宝山组含１９属２１种,主要为阜新植物群的常见代表,说明其时代为早白垩世中期,相当于欧特里夫晚期到巴雷姆期,可同辽西的阜新组、内蒙古的霍林河组上段和伊敏组相对比。     

New Schizolepis Fossils from the Early Cretaceous in Inner Mongolia, China and its Phylogenetic Position

Three Schizolepis species collected from the Lower Cretaceous layer of the Huolinhe Basin,Inner Mongolia,China are described.These fossils are Schizolepis longipetiolus Xu XH et Sun BN sp.nov.,which is a new species,Schizolepis cf.heilongjiangensis Zheng et Zhang,and Schizolepis neimengensis Deng.The new species is a well-preserved female cone,slender and cylindrical in shape.The seed–scale complexes have long petioles and are arranged on the cone axis loosely and helically.The seed scales are divided into two lobes from the base.Each lobe is semicircular or elongate ligulate in shape,widest at the middle or the lower middle part,with an obtuse or bluntly pointed apex.The inner margin is almost straight and the outer margin is strongly arched.On the surface of the lobe,there are longitudinal and somewhat radial striations from the base to the margin.The seed is borne on the adaxial surface at the base or middle of each lobe.Schizolepis was established in 1847,and,although more than twenty species have been discovered and reported,its phylogenetic position is controversial because of the imperfection of fossils.Most authors have considered there to be a close evolutionary relationship between Schizolepis and extant Pinaceae.Here,we analyze characteristics and compare Schizolepis with Picea crassifolia Kom,which is morphologically most similar to Schizolepis.The results indicate that the genus probably has a distant evolutionary relationship with extant Pinaceae.A detailed statistical analysis of the global paleogeographic distribution of Schizolepis showed that all the fossils of this genus appeared in strata ranging from the Upper Triassic to the Lower Cretaceous in the North Hemisphere,being rare in the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic,but being very common from the Middle Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous,and particularly abundant in the Lower Cretaceous.According to the statistical results,we speculate that the genus originated in Europe in the Late Triassic then spread from Europe to Asia between the Late Triassic and the Late Jurassic.In the Early Cretaceous most species existed in China’s three northeastern Provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and adjacent areas.Combining the paleogeographic distribution of the genus with ancient climatic factors,we deduced that Schizolepis began to decline and became extinct in the Early Cretaceous,and the reason for its extinction is closely related to the icehouse climate during the Early Cretaceous.     

First record of Early Cretaceous pterosaur from the Ordos Region,Inner Mongolia,China

A new dsungaripterid pterosaur, Ordosipterus planignathus gen. et sp. nov., is established on the incomplete articulated lower jaws from the Lower Cretaceous Luohandong Formation in Otog Qi, Ordos Region, Inner Mongolia, China. It differs from other dsungaripterids mainly by having broad and low dentary at and just behind the mandibular symphysis, flat dentary dorsal plane forming the distinct lateral ridge with the curved dentary lateral side, and lower alveoli arranged along the dentary dorsolateral margin with wide spacing that increases from rostral to caudal. It represents the first diagnostic pterosaur from the Ordos Region in Inner Mongolia, and further enlarges the geographical distribution of the family Dsungaripteridae from northwestern China (together with western Mongolia) to central North China.     

内蒙古东部阿荣旗地区晚白垩世孤山镇组的建立

通过1∶25万阿荣旗幅地质调查,在阿荣旗孤山镇—东亚东镇一带发现一套酸—中酸碱性火山岩石组合,时代为晚白垩世,将其新建岩石地层单位——孤山镇组。孤山镇组主要分布于大杨树盆地南部,由流纹岩、流纹质火山碎屑岩、粗面岩和英安岩组成,上覆地层为嫩江组,下伏地层为甘河组。岩石高碱(Na2O+K2O=7.83%～10.28%),属酸碱性系列。轻稀元素土富集,δEu=0.39～1.07;Nb、Ta基本无亏损,P、Ti强烈亏损,可能形成于陆内断陷盆地活动结束时期。     

A New Protoceratopsid (Dinosauria: Neoceratopsia) from the Late Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China

An almost complete skull, which was collected from the Upper Cretaceous of the Bayan Mandahu area in Inner Mongolia, China by the Sino-Canadian Dinosaur Project, is described and assigned to a new genus of protoceratopsid dinosaur, Magnirostris dodsoni gen. et sp. nov. This new taxon is distinguished from other protoceratopsids by the robust rostral bone and the existence of incipient orbital horn cores. The existence of an additional antorbital fenestra indicates a close relationship between Magnirostris and Bagaceratops.     

内蒙银根-额济纳旗盆地白垩系中硅化木化石及其沉积环境

内蒙古银根 额济纳旗盆地是我国北方重要的中－新生代陆内含油气盆地,主要出露白垩系冲洪积 河湖相碎屑岩及火山岩夹层。本文描述了在盆地东南部下白垩统巴音戈壁组下段（1号）和苏红图组二段底部（2号）发现的上、下两处原始埋藏的硅化木化石,并探讨了早白垩世时期盆地沉积时的气候环境。两处化石均保存完好,表面结构较为完整。巴音戈壁组上部和苏红图组下部泥岩段孢粉分析结果显示地层时代为早白垩世中晚期。同时,孢粉植物群揭示该时期银根 额济纳旗盆地气候环境温暖湿润,植被茂盛。根据化石保存特征和产出位置的地层岩性,初步推测1号硅化木化石点系冲洪积物快速堆积所致,2号硅化木化石点系火山喷发物瞬间埋藏所致,其埋藏时代大致为早白垩世晚期。     

内蒙古那仁乌拉早白垩世高分异花岗岩年代学及其成因

内蒙古那仁乌拉地区具有较大的稀有金属找矿潜力,但与成矿有关的那仁乌拉花岗岩体在年代学和成因方面仍存在较多争论。为厘定该花岗岩体成岩年龄及成因类型,对其进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学分析。测年结果表明,中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩和似斑状二长花岗岩成岩年龄分别为(142.1±1.0)Ma和(142.3±1.2)Ma,指示那仁乌拉花岗岩体为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物,与区域上晚侏罗世—早白垩世花岗岩大规模侵入时代基本吻合。岩石地球化学分析显示,岩体富硅(SiO₂含量为73.69%~76.67%)、富碱(Na₂O+K₂O含量为8.40%~8.80%)和贫铁、镁、钙、磷等;Zr、Hf、Rb、Th等元素明显富集,Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素强烈亏损,Nb元素相对亏损;稀土元素总量较低,显示较强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.20~0.36),轻、重稀土分馏明显(LREE/HREE=6.23~14.28),富集轻稀土;属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩。综合矿物学、岩石学和地球化学特征,判断那仁乌拉花岗岩成因类型应归为高分异I型花岗岩。结合区域构造和地质背景,认为位于华北板块北缘的那仁乌拉花岗岩体形成于早白垩世的板内伸展环境。     

A New Species of Cathayornis from the Lower Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China and Its Stratigraphic Significance

An incomplete postcranial avian skeleton is described from the Lower Cretaceous Jingchuan Formation of Otog Banner of western Inner Mongolia and referred to a new species of Cathayornis, C. chabuensis sp. nov. This is the first report of a Cathayornis from outside Liaoning Province. The new discovery indicates that Cathayornis coexisted with Otogornis genghisi, and a more detailed comparison between these two enantiornithine genera shows that Otogornis represents a more primitive genus than Cathayornis. Our analyses further indicate that Cathayornis is an arboreal bird. The discovery of a Cathayornis from this region also confirms that the avian fossil-bearing Jingchuan Formation is comparable to the Jiufotang Formation of the upper Jehol Group in western Liaoning, and should be referred to the middle-late Early Cretaceous.