云南天文台天文新技术实验室工作进展

云南天文台新技术实验室成立至今已走过十几个年头，这些年来为云南天文台的发展作出了很多的贡献。从我国的第一套ＣＣＤ系统到天文遥在观测，不但在天文技术领域有所发展，而且目前拥有一支老中青相结合的相对稳定的队伍。本文主要回顾了新技术室这些年来的主要工作。     

云台凤凰山太阳光谱最佳观测时间讨论

将一年中可以进行光谱观测的时间相对最多,同时太阳成像质量相对较好的月份作为光谱观测最佳时间。为此我们统计了光谱仪1976年到1987年的观测资料,初步分析得出云台凤凰山太阳光谱最佳观测时间的年分布情况,相对好一些的是9月份,其次是3～4月份。     

Solar research at the Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory

The paper deals with the review of works on solar observations at Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory during the past 12 years. The works accomplished on the basis of patrol observations, with the horizontal solar telescope, small and large coronagraphs, and those based on the data obtained during eclipse observations are discussed separately.     

云南天文台太阳射电频谱仪的网络系统

介绍云南天文台太阳射电米波 (2 30～ 30 0MHz)、分米波 (0 .7～0 .4GHz)频谱观测系统及 1 0m射电望远镜自动控制系统“星型拓扑”对等网的建立。通过该网络 ,不但实现了光盘刻录机、激光打印机等资源共享 ,而且还为解决由于太阳射电频谱高时间分辨率和高频率分辨率观测带来的大数据量处理和存储找到了解决途径     

Observations and Research on the Solar Radio Spectrum at Yunnan Observatory

Ｏｕｒｍｅｔｅｒｗａｖｅｓｏｌａｒｒａｄｉｏａｃｏｕｓｔｏ -ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｇｒａｐｈ(ＡＯＳ)ｔｒａｃｅｓｂａｃｋｔｏｔｈｅｙｅａｒ 1 979ｗｈｅｎｉｔｗａｓｂｅｉｎｇｂｕｉｌｔ.ＴｈｅＡＯＳｃｏｖｅｒｓａｗｏｒｋｉｎｇｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｒａｎｇｅｏｆ 2 30～ 30 0ＭＨｚ .Ｉｔｈａｓｔｈｅｍｅｒｉｔｓｏｆｈｉｇｈｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｎｄｇｏｏｄｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙ .Ｔｈｅｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ( 0 2 5ＭＨｚ)ｄｅ ｐｅｎｄｓｏｎｔｈｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓ…     

云南天文台太阳望远镜光学系统的光学传递函数检验

摘要：给出了太阳光谱望远镜光学系统成像质量的测定方法．以及给出了我们用星光作为目标来测定望远镜光学系统传递函数时必须考虑的条件和理论基础。实测结果给出望远镜空间分辨率的上限为0．6“，95％光能集中度在1．2“以内。     

Stokes polarimetry at the Kodaikanal tower tunnel telescope

A Stokes Polarimeter has been developed using a masked CCD arrangement for the measurement of the vector magnetic field of sunspots. Charge shifting within the CCD is used to record near simultaneous orthogonal polarisation. The testing of the Stokes Polarimeter and the behavior of the integrated system combined with the Kodaikanal tower tunnel telescope will be discussed.     

云南天文台太阳光谱仪分光流量计算

针对云南天文台太阳光谱仪, 建立了光谱仪分光流量的计算机模型, 通过观测实验检验了该模型的可靠性。利用此模型我们还计算了该仪器的分光流量, 并在此基础上, 对探测器的选型进行了讨论。     

云南天文台太阳光学研究进展

总结和综述了云南天文台２０年来在太阳光学仪器研制和改造，太阳活动现象观测研究，太阳活动预报和国际交流合作方面的成果和进展。     

云南天文台太阳射电研究进展

回顾了自１９７９年以来云南天文台太阳射电天文仪器、技术和方法以及研究方面的进展。     

中国最早的观象台发掘

在山西襄汾县陶寺镇附近发掘出距今约4000年的最早观象台兼祭祀台遗址,它是由观测点、夯土柱和柱间狭缝组成,用于观测日出方位变化,确定回归年长度来制订历法。模拟观测结果表明,位于东南和东北的二狭缝可准确测定冬至和夏至日期,而此二狭缝之间有10个土柱,应象征着视太阳向北和向南每位移一个土柱为一个节气。由此推之,帝尧时的历法特征是将一岁分成20个节气的阳历,上古时的阴阳五行历即十月太阳历是源于它奠定的基础。     

北京天文台对FFS事件的观测研究

从观测手段和取得的资料两个方面,评价了两个太阳峰年中北京天文台所观测到的太阳射电爆发中毫秒级快速精细结构（FFS）的观测结果．估计了新的观测仪器在第23周峰年将取得的观测结果．也讨论了在观测研究中值得重视的一些问题．     

吉林天文观测基地光学观测环境及相关研究进展

地基光学天文望远镜是人类探索与研究宇宙的重要手段, 对已有地基光学台址的光学观测环境进行监测分析, 可以为后期设备针对性改造以及观测者调整观测策略提供参考依据, 对提升地基光学设备的观测效能具有重要的意义. 吉林天文观测基地(简称``基地'')隶属于中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站, 位于吉林省吉林市大绥河镇小绥河村南沟约5 km处(东经126.3^\circ, 北纬43.8^\circ, 海拔高度313m). 基地大气视宁度均值范围约为1.3$''$--1.4$''$、天顶附近V波段的天光背景亮度为20.64magcdotarcsec^-2、年晴夜数最高可达270余天, 具有良好的天文观测条件. 吉林天文观测基地于2016年投入运行, 现有1.2m光电望远镜、迷你光电阵列望远镜、大视场光电望远镜阵列、新型多功能阵列结构光电探测平台等多台(套)光电望远镜设备. 利用上述设备, 主要围绕空间目标探测与识别、精密轨道确定、光电探测新方法以及变源天体的多色测光等开展相关研究工作, 与多家国内高校及科研院所保持着良好的合作关系.     

云南天文台人造卫星观测与相关应用研究

回顾了过去２０年，特别是近１０年来云南天文台人造卫星的观测与应用情况。介绍在观测仪器的研制、改进和观测方法研究以及有关激光测月资料的归算与应用方面所作过的工作。根据既有的条件，就今后若干年内可能进行的几项工作提出了粗浅的看法。     

Solar physics at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences

A brief review of the research highlights at the Main Astronomical Observatory since 1968.     

On the propagation of magneto-acoustic-gravity waves

An analysis of magneto-acoustic-gravity waves in the case of an isothermal atmosphere permeated by a uniform magnetic field is presented. The general solution is expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. It can be used in numerical simulation of oscillations in a magnetic atmosphere.

It is shown that the elliptically polarized magneto-acoustic-gravity waves consist of a pair of surface waves and a pair of body waves above the cut-off frequency. The body waves along the magnetic field are similar to acoustic waves in an atmosphere and their cut-off frequency is unaffected by magnetic field. The transverse oscillation decreases with height. For the usual boundary condition, the longitudinal oscillation decreases with height; however, in some cases, it may contain terms that increase with height. The solution is singular on a family of ellipses in the frequency - horizontal wave number plane. Near these ellipses, the wave components grow indefinitely.     

Magnetic Fields and Solar Activities

We discuss the study of solar magnetic fields based on the photospheric vector magnetograms of solar active regions which were obtained at Huairou Solar Observing Station near Beijing in the period of 22nd and 23th solar cycles. The measurements of the chromospheric magnetic field and the spatial configuration of the field at the lower solar atmosphere inferred by the distribution of the solar photospheric and chromospheric magnetic field. After the analysis on the formation process of delta configuration in some super active regions based on the photospheric vector magnetogram observations, some results are obtained: (1) The analysis of magnetic writhe of whole active regions cannot be limited in the strong field of sunspots, because the contribution of the fraction of decayed magnetic field is non-negligible. (2) The magnetic model of kink magnetic ropes, proposed to be generated in the subatmosphere, is not consistent with the evolution of large-scale twisted photospheric transverse magnetic field and the relationship with magnetic shear in some delta active regions completely. (3) The proposition is that the large-scale delta active regions are formed from contribution by highly sheared non-potential magnetic flux bundles generated in the subatmosphere. We present some results of a study of the magnetic helicity. We also compare these results with other data sets obtained by magnetographs (or Stokes polarimeters) at different observatories, and analyze the basic chirality of the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere.