Travel Behaviours of Sharing Bicycles in the Central Urban Area Based on Geographically Weighted Regression: The Case of Guangzhou,China

Mobile information and communication technologies(MICTs) have fully penetrated everyday life in smart societies;this has greatly compressed time, space, and distance, and consequently, reshaped residents’ travel behaviour patterns. As a new mode of shared mobility, the sharing bicycle offers a variety of options for the daily travel of urban residents. Extant studies have mainly examined the travel characteristics and influencing factors of public bicycles with piles, while the travel patterns for sharing bicycles and their driving mechanisms have been largely ignored. Using one week’s travel data for Mobike, this study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of sharing bicycle travel behaviours in the central urban area of Guangzhou, China;furthermore, it identified the influences of built environment density factors on sharing bicycle travel behaviours based on the geographically weighted regression method. Obvious morning and evening peaks were observed in the sharing bicycle travel patterns for both weekdays and weekends. The old urban area, which had a high degree of mixed function, dense road networks, and cycling-friendly built environments, was the main travel area that attracted sharing bicycles on both weekdays and weekends. Furthermore, factors including the point of interest(POI) for the density of public transport stations, the functional mixing degree, and the density of residential POIs significantly affected residents’ travel behaviours. These findings could enrich discourse regarding shared mobility with a Chinese case characterised by rapidly developing MICTs and also provide references to local authorities for improving slow traffic environments.     

卫星遥感影像对海洋监测能力的评估分析——以渤海海区为例

比较了不同卫星遥感影像的海洋监测优劣,分析了MOD IS数据海洋监测能力评估的可行性,并阐述评估了技术方法和流程。以渤海为例,依据MOD35源数据,通过数据预处理、典型区选取,统计分析影像覆盖率及云覆盖面积百分率,表明了对渤海常规、季节性,以及应急等诸种海区要素监测的不同效果,弥补了以往类似工作的迟后性。     

Soil Salinity and Soil Water Content Estimation Using Digital Images in Coastal Field: A Case Study in Yancheng City of Jiangsu Province,China

Soil is the essential part for agricultural and environmental sciences, and soil salinity and soil water content are both the important influence factors for sustainable development of agriculture and ecological environment. Digital camera, as one of the most popular and convenient proximal sensing instruments, has its irreplaceable position for soil properties assessment. In this study, we collected 52 soil samples and photographs at the same time along the coast in Yancheng City of Jiangsu Pro...     

土地变更调查数据库质量评价及其错误空间自相关分析——以河北省为例

评价土地变更调查数据库质量,研究数据库错误产生的原因是变更调查工作中的关键问题。本文采用对比分析法定量分析3年间数据库质量变化,并运用全局Moran's I系数、局部Moran's I系数,从县域尺度分析数据库错误的空间自相关格局,揭示数据库错误空间分布变化和局部异常特征。研究结果表明：(1)从错误数量、缺陷等级、错误分布图层和空间分布方面进行评估,河北省2012年数据库质量相较于2010年和2011年得到明显改善;(2)河北省各区县错误分布保持高度自相关,聚集程度波动变化,而局部显著性异常区域的出现主要源于人为误操作。通过研究数据库质量3年间变化情况及空间分布格局,能客观地评价数据库质量状况,有效地分析错误产生的原因,为新一轮土地变更调查工作提供建设性意见。     

太湖水质站网数据的主成分分析应用

本文采用主成分分析方法,对太湖湖区的水质站网数据进行了定量化研究,挖掘出对于表征水质状况的主成分变量贡献较大的水质指标,并分析了影响水质的主要原因和各个主成分的环境意义,最终求得主成分的综合得分并进行分级排序,结果表明:前四个主成分已经可以综合90%以上的因子信息,完全可以取代11个指标因子进行综合分析太湖湖区的水质状况。说明主成分分析方法克服了多维指标难以综合分析的缺陷,可能是未来水质综合分析的一种重要方法之一。     

Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Water Quality and Nutrient Removal Efficiency of Restored Wetland: A Case Study in Fujin National Wetland Park,China

To investigate the spatio-temporal and compositional variation of selected water quality parameters and understand the purifying effects of wetland in Fujin National Wetland Park(FNWP), China, the trophic level index(TLI), paired samples t-test and correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis of a set of 10 water quality parameters. The analyses were based on water samples collected from 22 stations in FNWP between 2014 and 2016. Results initially reveal that total nitrogen(TN) concentrations are above class V levels(2 mg/L), total phosphorus(TP) concentrations are below class Ⅲ levels(0.2 mg/L), and that all other parameters fall within standard ranges. Highest values for TN, pH, and Chlorophyll-a were recorded in 2016, while the levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Mn)) and biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5) were lowest during this year. Similarly, TN values were highest between 2014 and 2016 while dissolved oxygen(DO) concentrations were lowest in the summer and TP concentrations were highest in the autumn. Significant variations were also found in Secchi depth(SD), TN, CODMn(P 0.01), TP, and DO levels(P 0.05) between the inlet and outlet of the park. High-to-low levels of TN, TP, and TDS were found in cattails, reeds, and open water(the opposite trend was seen in SD levels). Tested wetland water had a light eutrophication status in most cases and TN and TP removal rates were between 7.54%–84.36% and 37.50%–70.83%, respectively. Data also show no significant annual changes in water quality within this wetland, although obvious affects from surrounding agricultural drainage were nevertheless recorded. Results reveal a high major nutrient removal efficiency(N and P). The upper limits of these phenomena should be addressed in future research alongside a more efficient and scientific agricultural layout for the regions in and around the FNWP.     

Water Security-based Hydrological Regime Assessment Method for Lakes with Extreme Seasonal Water Level Fluctuations: A Case Study of Poyang Lake,China

Extreme seasonal water level fluctuations characterize natural floodplain lakes in monsoon regions, which are crucial for ensuring lake water security, including flood prevention water supply and health of aquatic ecosystem. In order to achieve this goal, we established a hydrological regime assessment method based on a set of hydrological indicators for lakes with heavy seasonal water level fluctuations. The results suggest that time-sensitive hydrological indicators and specific time scales for various water security aspects must be considered. We discovered that it is more practical and meaningful to combine the water level classification derived from statistical analyses with characteristic hydrological values linked to water security. The case study of Poyang Lake results show that there are no discernable trends of Poyang Lake water regime status over the last 35 years, and the two periods of poor status are in accordance with climate variation in the lake basin area. Scholars and policy makers should focus on both floods and droughts, which are the main water security problems for Poyang Lake. It is hoped that this multi-scale and multi-element hydrological regime assessment method will provide new guidelines and methods for other international scholars of river and lake water assessment.     

有效微生物菌群对养虾水体细菌生态和水质的影响

研究有效微生物菌群(EM)对养虾水体中异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌、放线菌的数量以及水体水质的影响。结果表明,在养殖池中添加EM,对水体中的异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌及放线菌的数量均有显著影响:实验组异养细菌数量比传统对照池减少40.0%,弧菌数量减少7.8%,光合细菌数量增加98.2%,放线菌数量增加99.2%。EM能改良水质条件,与对照组相比,实验组溶解氧提高11.0%,COD降低8.0%,氨氮含量降低20.7%,亚硝酸氮含量降低10.0%。另外,实验组对虾成活率比对照组提高23.08%,饵料系数下降9.4%,利润提高了16.11%。     

从增强型水体指数分析遥感水体指数的创建

本文对新近提出的增强型水体指数(EWI)进行了分析和讨论,分别用经过大气校正和未经大气校正的两种影像来对该指数作了验证,并与改进的归一化差值水体指数(MNDWI)进行比较。结果表明该指数在经过大气校正的影像中对水体的增强和提取效果不理想,许多水体影像特征不但未能得到增强,反而受到抑制而被漏提。显然,该指数在创建时忽略了大气因素的影响。另外,该指数在构建上重复选择近红外和中红外波段也是造成提取效果不理想的原因之一。因此,为了创建正确的水体指数,避免水体增强和提取结果的偶然性和不确定性,水体指数的创建必须用经过大气校正的影像进行验证,而构建指数的波段也要避免不合理的重复选择,这样才能使所创建的指数具有更广的适应性。     

高氟孔隙地下水地球化学成因:以山西东山调水工程区为例

分析了山西东山调水工程调入区高氟地下水的区域分布规律,并对高氟水形成机制进行了深入研究,发现研究区高氟水的主要水化学特征为HCO-₃和Na+浓度高、pH值高,且多为HCO₃-Na型水。认为该区高氟水形成的主导性地球化学过程包括含氟矿物溶解、地下水中OH-与氟代羟基云母矿物的离子交换等。另外,排泄区的蒸发浓缩过程和含氟工业废水排放也是研究区部分地区出现高氟水的重要因素。      

Driving Force and Ecosystem Service Values Estimation in the Extreme Arid Region from 1975 to 2015: A Case Study of Alxa League,China

The research on ecosystem service values(ESVs) estimation in arid region is weak. We took the Alxa League of China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, an extreme arid region, as an example and constructed an equivalent coefficient method to assess its ESVs from 1975 to 2015, by determining the standard unit of ESVs and the basic equivalent of the value of different ecosystem services per unit area based on the regional characteristics, literature research, expert knowledge and land use data. The...     

Cross-national Perspectives on Using Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) Indicators for Monitoring Sustainable Development: A Database and Analysis

Sustainable development is the theme of the 21st century. To monitor the progress of sustainable development, the United Nations launched Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) in 2015. Subsequently, nations of the world have drawn up a list of localized indicators regarding the United Nations SDGs as a paradigm. We established a database including SDGs indicator systems of 11 economies by collecting and determining a large number of materials. Based on this database, we analyzed SDGs indicators by...     

区域生态环境综合信息图谱的分类与案例分析——以福建省为例

生态环境图谱类型的划分是自然资源合理开发利用和治理及地学信息图谱研究的基础。该文采用系统分析的思路,在总结对比分析前人对土地利用/土地覆被、植被、地貌、景观以及生态环境等的分类研究的基础上,依据地学信息图谱的方法论,借助遥感和地理信息系统等技术,构建生态环境综合信息图谱分类的系统,并以福建省为例,提出福建省生态环境图谱的分类系统。     

野生和养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉营养成分与品质评价

【目的】比较野生和养殖大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)肌肉的营养成分,并评价其营养品质。【方法】采集黑龙江干流抚远段野生大麻哈鱼及3龄养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉,测定二者的基础营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质等成分,分析其营养品质。【结果】野生大麻哈鱼肌肉(湿基)中水分含量较高,养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉中粗脂肪含量较高。野生和养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉中均含有18种氨基酸,其中8种必需氨基酸(EAA)总量质量分数分别是33.07%和19.62%(干基),占氨基酸总量的39.83和39.01%,符合FAO/WHO推荐的理想蛋白质标准。根据AAS和CS值,野生和养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉中第一限制性氨基酸分别为色氨酸和苏氨酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为61.31和40.82。野生和养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉中含有丰富不饱和脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值分别为2.48和3.47。大麻哈鱼肌肉中含有多种人体所需的矿物质元素。【结论】野生大麻哈鱼肌肉具有高蛋白、低脂肪、脂肪质量较高的特点。养殖大麻哈鱼肌肉脂肪含量较高,氨基酸组成则低于野生大麻哈鱼。     

储层流动单元评价及剩余油分布:以辽河油田沈95区块为例

流动单元划分与模型建立是油藏数值模拟的基础,亦是剩余油分布预测的有效手段,基于流动单元的层次性,开展了辽
河油田沈95区块流动单元的划分研究。首先通过对取心井段流动单元划分,选取孔隙度(φ)、渗透率(k)、压汞曲线上进汞饱和度
达35%时的孔隙半径(R35)、流动带指标(FZI)、孔隙体积与颗粒体积之比(φz)5个参数,应用聚类分析方法,将储层划分为A、B、
C、D、E5类流动单元,然后运用这些参数来对非取心井进行了流动单元的划分与预测,建立了流动单元三维定量模型,并结合生
产动态资料对流动单元划分的合理性进行验证,分析了不同产能井与流动单元类型之间的关联性,最后在此基础上研究了不同流
动单元的剩余油分布规律。研究表明:不同类型的流动单元其渗流能力和储集能力差异较大,在生产动态特征方面表现为产油、产
液及含水特征存在明显差异;储层流动单元类型之间的差异是控制油水分布的重要因素,不同流动单元类型与剩余油分布有明显的
对应关系。      

Evaluation and Promotion of the Service Capacity of Urban Public Open Spaces Based on Improving Accessibility: A Case Study of Shenyang City,China

The service capacity of urban public open spaces is an important indicator of the justness and soundness of the allocation of public space resources, such as parks and green spaces, in the process of urban development. Improving the service capacity of urban public open spaces is conductive to healthy, sustainable urban development. In this study, taking Shengyang City, China as a case study,a Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area method(2 SFCA) is used to calculate an accessibility in...     

1:25万多目标区域地球化学调查样品的分析测试质量监控方法

在1：25万多目标区域地球化学调查样品分析的质量监控方法中,提出以准确度与精密度并重,标准物质监控与重复样监控相结合。利用“多目标化探样品计算机管理软件”,实现对调查样品分析质量监控的自动化管理。应用该系统软件,只要建立好相应的分析数据库,就可自动获得分析报告、报出率、内检样检查、标样检查、标样监控图等监控数据。     

陕西石泉井不同频带水位对气压和固体潮的响应特征

为揭示陕西石泉井不同频带水位对气压和固体潮的响应特征,采用频谱分析、相干函数和时移分析方法,对石泉井2015-11-01~2016-02-29的井水位、气压和理论重力固体潮等进行深入分析。结果表明,低频带（f＜0.5 cpd）井水位对气压响应较为一般且波动较大,对固体潮响应很差;中频带（0.5~8 cpd）井水位对固体潮响应很好,同时,对气压成分中的K1、S2和S3频点有较好的响应;高频带（f＞8 cpd）井水位与气压和固体潮的相干性均较差,这可能由于该频带井水位的信噪比较低和气压能量较弱等因素所致。此外,在全频带内,随着气压周期的增大,井水位的滞后时间也相应从1 min增至720 min;在中低频带的某些频点或频段,井水位对气压响应的时移存在超前和异常波动现象。
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2008年南方冰雪过程对生态环境影响的遥感监测——以湖南省资兴市为例

2008年1月中下旬至2月上旬,我国南方地区出现了大范围、长时间的强降雪及冰冻灾害。这次冰冻雨雪灾害,不仅对广大人民群众的生活和社会经济运行造成了极大破坏,而且对当地生态环境也产生了深刻影响。本文以湖南省资兴市为例,运用遥感技术和地面野外调查相结合的方法,监测了本次冰雪过程对当地生态环境的影响。监测发现:本次冰雪过程对植被覆盖破坏显著,植被指数呈较大范围降低趋势,降低区域的总面积占资兴市土地总面积的54.12%;森林生态系统受损严重,除灌木林外302.2万亩森林全部受灾,其中,针叶林比阔叶林严重,幼龄林比成熟林严重,外来种比乡土树种严重,人工林比天然林严重;冰雪过程后土壤含水量增加、边坡失稳,地质灾害危险程度明显增高,工程建设区和林缘陡坡地带以滑坡(崩塌)为主的地质灾害频频发生。