舟山群岛海岸线遥感信息提取及时空演变分析

作为我国第一个由岛屿组成的地级市,舟山市具备丰富的海洋资源,准确监测海岸线动态信息对其意义重大.而悬浮泥沙含量较大、岸线曲折、滩涂众多等给舟山群岛海岸线提取和时空演变分析带来了挑战.针对此问题,基于缨帽变换在表征地物含水量方面的优势,利用长时间序列卫星遥感数据开展海岸线时空演变分析.结果表明,该方法能够有效去除悬浮泥沙...     

浙江沿海港口岸线数据分析管理系统设计实现

分析了港口环境各要素与海岸线资源的动态变化,基于此,采用GIS技术构建了浙江沿海港口岸线数据分析管理系统,包括数据库设计、技术路线设计、数据接口交互设计以及系统性能保障,实现如下功能:①港口、港区、作业区、码头、泊位等港口资源信息数据管理维护;②港口资源信息地图动态统计展示;③多源、多时相遥感影像的动态展现,通过上述功能实现对浙江全省沿海港口岸线空间信息资源的一张图管控.     

基于Sentinel-2遥感影像面向对象的海岛岸线提取——以岱山岛为例

海岸线是海洋和陆地的分界线,其中海岛岸线与海岛海岸带管理、周围海域使用等活动密切相关.如何提高海岛岸线测量效率及精度,为海岛海岸带的开发与保护提供技术支持显得尤为重要.本文以浙江省舟山市岱山岛为研究区,以Sentinel-2遥感影像为数据源,利用面向对象的隶属度函数分类对岱山岛海岸线进行自动提取,再根据海岸线界定标准对...     

基于ETM+遥感影像水体信息提取方法探讨

利用卫星遥感数据提取地物信息,已成为遥感观测地物的一种重要手段.但在地物信息提取时由于多种因素的干扰,导致部分地物信息丢失.如何解译出地物的细部信息成为遥感信息提取的关键.利用Landsat7遥感数据为例,探讨了提取水体专题信息的方法,通过对遥感影像进行最佳波段组合、色彩变换、分类后对水体信息进行提取,效果较好.     

应用遥感方法的广西铁山港区海岸线变迁分析

基于RS和GIS技术对铁山港地区4个时期的Landsat卫星遥感数据进行处理,分析岸线特征,提取海岸线,研究该区海岸线近20年来(1987年～2006年)的变化特征。结果显示:研究区海岸线总体处于向海推进状态,其变化主要受人为因素影响。岸线变化的主要表现在铁山港与丹兜海湾顶两侧,以养殖开发、港口码头建设为主。     

海岛岸线遥感立体测图精细测量方法

提出了一种海岛岸线遥感测图精细测量新方法,该方法直接基于理论定义的海岸线,利用航空影像瞬时水涯线数据在立体测图环境中提取瞬时水位高程;利用海岛周边精密海潮模型和瞬时水位高程推算海岛岸线高程;最后依据海岛岸线高程,采用立体测图方法测制海岛岸线的平面位置。该方法确保了海岛岸线成果的唯一性和连续性,适合大比例尺的大陆海岸线和海岛岸线测量。测试结果显示,在较高精度海潮模型和海面地形支持下,海岛岸线高程精度优于0.2 m,可满足1：2000测图要求。     

基于灰度和方向一致性的遥感影像道路网提取

从遥感影像中提取道路网是一个经典课题,根据遥感影像中的道路具有灰度和方向一致性的特征,提出一种从遥感影像中提取道路网的新方法。首先根据遥感影像的灰度信息和方向方差信息建立灰度和方向一致性准则分割模型,由此可从遥感影像中提取基本的道路网轮廓,然后再针对道路区域存在非道路点:空洞和裂缝等情况,采用膨胀、腐蚀等操作去除杂乱物块,最后通过数学形态学操作提取出道路网。实验结果表明,该方法能够适用道路、建筑物、植被等多种复杂地物的城市遥感影像中提取道路网,且能获得较好地提取效果。     

InSAR技术在海岛礁测量中的应用

针对海岛（礁）地形测绘面临的困难,应用雷达干涉测量（InSAR）技术提取了海岛（礁）数字高程模型及海岛岸线。介绍了雷达干涉测量的基本原理及数据处理流程,利用厦门地区的ERS-1/2串联飞行的雷达数据,进行了相关实验,提取了某海岛的数字高程模型;提出了一种基于InSAR相干图的海岛岸线自动提取方法,该方法主要通过对InSAR技术生成的相干图进行自适应阈值分割、边缘检测等处理,自动获取海岛岸线信息。实验证明InSAR技术是进行不易/不宜到达的海岛（礁）地形测绘的一种有效的技术手段。     

MASK在遥感影像水系提取中的应用

在遥感图像处理中,通过遥感影像判别识别各种目标是其发展的一个重要环节,无论是专业信息的提取、动态变化监测,还是专题地图的制作和遥感数据库的建立等都离不开所需信息的提取,因此影像信息的提取是影像图像处理的研究重点。掩膜(MASK)技术就是运用地物及影像的特点将影像中的地物提取出来。本文主要介绍地物及影像的特点,运用MASK技术将影像中的水提取出来,并将提取成果与原始影像进行比较分析。     

北部湾港口建设的遥感影像动态监测

基于遥感影像的港口动态监测,是利用经过纠正处理的多时相、多数据源、多分辨率卫星遥感影像,对港口进行长期的观测,提取其变化范围;并结合其他专题及统计数据,分析港口建设发展规律及其对码头泊位、货物吞吐量等因素所产生的影响。     

Quantifying shoreline change in Funafuti Atoll,Tuvalu using a time series of Quickbird,Worldview and Landsat data

Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu is located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, which has experienced some of the highest rates of global sea-level rise over the past 60 years. Atoll islands are low-lying accumulations of reef-derived sediment that provide the only habitable land in Tuvalu, and are considered vulnerable to the myriad possible impacts of climate change, especially sea-level rise. This study examines the shoreline change of twenty-eight islands in Funafuti Atoll between 2005 and 2015 using 0.65 m QuickBird, 0.46 m WorldView-2, and 0.31 m WorldView-3 imagery using an image segmentation and decision tree classification. Shoreline change estimates are compared to previous study that used a visual interpretation approach. The feasibility of estimating island area with Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data is explored using CLASlite software. Results indicate a 0.13% (0.35 ha) decrease in net island area over the study time period, with 13 islands decreasing in area and 15 islands increasing in area. Substantial decreases in island area occurred on the islands of Fuagea, Tefala and Vasafua, which coincides with the timing of Cyclone Pam in March, 2015. Comparison between the WorldView-2 shoreline maps and those created from Landstat-8 indicate that the estimates tend to be in higher agreement for islands that have an area > 0.5 ha, a compact shape, and no built structures. Ten islands had > 90% agreement, with percent disagreements ranging from 2.78 to 100%. The methods and results of this study speak to the potential of automated EoV shoreline monitoring through segmentation and classification tree approach, which would reduce down data processing and analysis time. With the growing constellation of high and medium spatial resolution satellite-based sensors and the development of semi or fully automated image processing technology, it is now possible to remotely assess the short and medium-term shoreline dynamics on dynamic atolls. Landsat estimates were reasonably matched to those derived from fine resolution imagery, with some caveats about island size and shape.     

Shoreline and coral reef ecosystem changes in gulf of Mannar, Southeast coast of India

Changes in shoreline, coral reef and seafloor have been mapped using remote sensing satellite data of IRS LISS-III (1998), IRS LISS-II (1988), Survey of India Topographic sheet (1969), Naval Hydrographic Chart (NHO) 1975 and bathymetry data (1999) with ARC-INFO and ARC-VIEW GIS. The analysis of multi-date shoreline maps showed that 4.34 and 23.49 km2 of the mainland coast and 4.14 and 3.31 km² areas of island coast have been eroded and accreted, respectively, in the Gulf of Mannar. The analysis of multi-date coral reef maps showed that 25.52 km² of reef area and 2.16 km² of reef vegetation in Gulf of Mannar have been lost over a period of ten years. The analysis of multi-date bathymetry data indicates that the depth of seafloor has decreased along the coast and around the islands in the study area. The average reduction of depth in seafloor has been estimated as 0.51m over a period of twenty four years. The increased suspended sediment concentration due to coastal and island erosion, and raised reef due to emerging of coast by tectonic movement are responsible for coral reef degradation in the Gulf of Mannar. Validation by ground truth has confirmed these results.     

无居民海岛功能定位初探

根据无居民海岛的自然属性和社会属性,考虑到海岛环境的特殊性、资源承载的有限性、空间开发功能的衍生性,以及与国家主体功能区规划和全国海洋功能区划的衔接性,从海岛开发适宜性和海岛可持续保护的角度,研究无居民海岛功能分类方法,构建海岛功能分类评价指标体系,确定海岛功能分类的适宜性评价因子及评价标准,并引入综合评判理论,量化指标因子,构建综合评判模型,在此模型的基础上,借助GIS技术实现无居民海岛功能定位。     

官厅水库的遥感动态变化探测及边岸稳定性判别

利用TM卫星多时相数据，采用变化探测技术研究了官厅水库1988—2001年时间段库区边岸的动态变化。对库区淤积、边岸侵蚀等问题进行了探讨；结合水位差数据，提出边岸坡度和边岸稳定性的遥感时空分析方法和判据；分析了上述问题对官厅水库水资源利用的影响。边岸稳定性判别方法可应用于湖泊、海洋的滩涂地区。     

官厅水库的遥感动态变化探测及边岸稳定性判别

利用TM卫星多时相数据，采用变化探测技术研究了官厅水库1988—2001年时间段库区边岸的动态变化。对库区淤积、边岸侵蚀等问题进行了探讨；结合水位差数据，提出边岸坡度和边岸稳定性的遥感时空分析方法和判据；分析了上述问题对官厅水库水资源利用的影响。边岸稳定性判别方法可应用于湖泊、海洋的滩涂地区。     

Mapping shoreline indicators on a sandy beach with supervised edge detection of soil moisture differences

This study describes a method to map shoreline indicators on a sandy beach. The hypothesis is that, on this beach, spectral albedo is predominantly determined by moisture content and water lines can, therefore, be detected as albedo contrasts. A laboratory experiment is performed to relate moisture content to image albedo, and supervised edge detection is subsequently used to map the shoreline indicators with remote sensing imagery. The algorithm is tested with data from visible, near-infrared and shortwave-infrared wavelength regions. These results are compared to shoreline indicators obtained by a field survey and a shoreline indicator derived from a digital elevation model. Both the water line present when the imagery was acquired, as well as the maximum extent of the last flood, can be detected as a single edge. Older high water lines are confused with the last high water line and appear dispersed, as there are multiple debris lines present on the beach. The low water line, usually in saturated sand, also appears dispersed due to the presence of channels and troughs. Shorelines are constant moving boundaries, which is why shoreline indicators are used as a proxy. Unlike a mathematical indicator that is based on an elevation model, our method is more sensitive to the dynamic nature of shorelines. Supervised edge-detection is a technique for generating reproducible measurements of shoreline indicator positions over time, and aids in the monitoring of coastline migration.     

基于二进小波变换的SAR图像湖岸线提取

本文阐述了一种基于二进小波变换的从SAR图像中提取湖岸线的方法。该方法首先利用边缘和噪声的奇异性在二进小波变换中随尺度变化具有不同的传播规律来检测边缘点，然后利用基于梯度矢量流的主动轮廓模型进行边缘点的连接，实验结果证明，这种方法可以有效的消除SAR图像中存在的斑点噪声对边缘提取的影响，准确的提取湖岸线。     

Spatial modeling using high resolution image for future shoreline prediction along Junput Coast,West Bengal,India

National policies and legal decisions are very much dependent on the position of the shoreline. Shoreline change rates are frequently employed to summarize historical shoreline movements. This also helps to predict the future position of the shoreline based on the perceived historical trends. In this regard, the future shoreline positions at both the long-term, that is 2050, and short-term, that is 2015, time interval was predicted using the End Point Rate (EPR) model along the Junput Coast of West Bengal, India. The whole project work was divided into five parts. The first part showed the detection of shoreline from satellite data like IRS LISS Ⅳ and Landsat 7 ETM+ and from the Survey of India Toposheet. The second part gave the glimpse of the dynamic segmentation of the shoreline to get the dynamically segmented nodal points along the shoreline. Shoreline prediction for the years 2015 and 2050 using End Point Rate (EPR) model was done in the third part. In the fourth part, Coastal Terrain Model (CTM) was prepared, and the digital shoreline estimated. The model result was validated and accuracy assessed with respect to the GPS data collected from the field at the fifth stage. Finally at the end of the present work, limitations of the project and the future scope of the work was sited.     

Shoreline Changes in Tharangampadi Village,Nagapattinam District,Tamil Nadu,India—A Case Study

Coastal zone is very dynamic, being the meeting place of land and sea water. The development in coastal area and subsequent population growth have given rise to problems such as erosion, sedimentation, saltwater intrusion, degradation of natural resources, etc. Satellite data has proved to be more appropriate for change detections quantifying and monitoring coastal zones compared to conventional sources. An attempt is being made to elucidate the effect of shoreline changes with reference to the spatial and field data observed along the Tharangampadi area. The base map was prepared on 1:50,000 scale for delineation and identification of shoreline changes. The spatial variability of shoreline changes are studied using IRS 1B LISS-II 1991, IRS 1C LISS-III 2004 and IRS P6 LISS-IV and IRS 1D PAN merge data 2006. The corresponding Survey of India toposheets of 1852, 1972 and survey and land record village map of 1918 also supplemented for this study. The kind and extent of shoreline changes were investigated by using GPS during ground truth verification. The results are analyzed and presented in this paper. The study results revealed that 180 m receding of the shoreline occurred in the past 155 years.