中国西部叠合盆地油气多期成藏模式及勘探有效性

我国西部叠合盆地油气资源丰富,随着勘探难度逐年增加,如何准确定位有利成藏区带对增加勘探成功率至关重要。通过对比叠合盆地主要大中型油气田发现,叠合盆地大都为多期成藏,且晚期成藏有利于油气规模化保存。在大量总结叠合盆地多个油气成藏过程、特点和模式的基础上,结合研究区带的构造演化特点,按照叠合盆地构造变动模式划分,将西部叠合盆地油气多期成藏模式划分为5种,分别是油气连续充注型、早期强烈改造型、中期强烈改造型、晚期强烈改造型和多期充注改造交替型。在晚期成藏有利于油气勘探的前提下,分析认为具有油气连续充注型油气成藏的区域和周边地区由于构造变动轻微,破坏幅度最小,因此油气藏类型较多,规模化可能性最大,最具油气勘探有效性,而多期充注改造交替型成藏模式在构造变动频繁剧烈的影响下,使得油气藏破坏量较大,保存下来的可能性很小,因此也最不具备勘探有效性,此类地区应该尽可能规避。     

Hydrocarbon Accumulation Process in the Marine Strata in Jianghan Plain Area,Middle China

Marine strata in the Jianghan Plain area are widely distributed with a total depth of more than 8,000 m from the Upper Sinian to the Middle Triassic. Six reservoir caprock units, named Z–∈2, ∈2–O, S, D–C, P and T1, can be identified with each epoch. The geology, stratigraphy, drilling, oil testing and other basic data as well as the measured inclusion and strontium isotope data in the study area are used in the analysis of the formation and evolution process of marine petroliferous reservoirs in the Jianghan Plain area. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the further exploration of hydrocarbons in the Jianghan Plain and reduce the risks by analyzing the key factors for hydrocarbon accumulation in the marine strata. Our findings show that in the Lower Palaeozoic hydrocarbon reservoir, oil/gas migration and accumulation chiefly occurred in the early period of the Early Yanshanian, and the hydrocarbon reservoir was destroyed in the middle–late period of the Early Yanshanian. In the Lower Triassic–Carboniferous hydrocarbon reservoir, oil/gas migration and accumulation chiefly occurred in the Early Yanshanian, and the hydrocarbon reservoir suffered destruction from the Late Yanshanian to the Early Himalayanian. The preservation conditions of the marine strata in the Jianghan Plain area have been improved since the Late Himalayanian. However, because all source beds have missed the oil/gas generation fastigium and lost the capacity to generate secondary hydrocarbon, no reaccumulation of hydrocarbons can be detected in the study area's marine strata. No industrially exploitable oil/gas reservoir has been discovered in the marine strata of Jianghan Plain area since exploration began in 1958. This study confirms that petroliferous reservoirs in the marine strata have been completely destroyed, and that poor preservation conditions are the primary factor leading to unsuccessful hydrocarbon exploration. It is safely concluded that hydrocarbon exploration in the marine strata of the study area is quite risky.     

柴达木盆地西部油气藏的破坏类型与机理

油气藏破坏是一种普遍的自然现象,地质历史时期任何类型的油气聚集都是短暂的动态变化史体,均随着时间的推移,在某些地质因素的影响下遭到破坏。根据构造演化史和成藏史研究,柴达木盆地西部上新世-第四纪是原生油气藏的破坏和次生油气藏的形成时期。野外地质考察发现油气藏破坏的地面显示类型多样,主要有：油砂、固体沥青和石蜡以及泥火山或油墩子。对油气藏的破坏因素分析表明：柴西油气藏破坏类型主要有断裂活动破坏、油藏抬升剥蚀破坏和异常高压作用破坏3种类型,而且油气藏破坏往往是断裂活动和汕藏抬升综合作用的结果。该研究对当地的油气勘探具有一定的参考和指导意义。     

中国西部叠合盆地油气藏形成、演化与分布预测

中国西部叠合盆地经历了多期构造变动和多旋回的油气成藏作用,研究叠合盆地油气藏的形成、演化和分布预测具有重要的意义。叠合盆地指不同时期形成的不同类型的沉积盆地或地层在同一地理位置上的叠加和复合,具有地层沉积不连续、地层构造不连续、地层应力应变作用不连续等三大标志性特征,依据构造剖面上地层年代的关联性,将叠合盆地分为五种类型,即连续沉积型叠合盆地、中晚期地层叠合盆地、早晚期地层叠合盆地、早中期地层叠合盆地、长期暴露型叠合盆地。叠合盆地普遍发育复杂油气藏,三种作用（剥蚀作用、断裂作用、褶皱作用）六种机制（渗漏、扩散、溢散、氧化、降解和裂解）形成复杂油气藏,依据成因特征分为五类,原成型油气藏,圈闭调整型油气藏,组分变异型油气藏,相态转换型油气藏,规模改造型油气藏。研究表明,复杂油气藏中天然气的地下产状特征和分布特征与地表产状特征和分布特征有很大差异。中国西部叠合盆地油气分布主要受烃源灶、古隆起、沉积相、断裂带、构造变动和区域盖层等六大因素的控制。其中烃源灶（S）、古隆起（M）、沉积相（D）和盖层（C）等四大要素控制着油气成藏的形成和分布,并建立了多要素匹配（T-CDMS）成藏模式,用以预测有利成藏领域。油气藏形成之后,多期的构造变动对早成的油气藏进行调整、改造和破坏,主要受构造变动强度、构造变动时间、构造变动次数、构造变动时盖层的封油气性能等四大要素控制,并以此建立了多期构造变动破坏油气藏后剩余潜力评价模型,利用这一模型可以预测出有利勘探区带并评价出有利勘探区带中的剩余资源潜力。油气藏经过改造,表现出晚期成藏效应,并受相势耦合作用的控制最后定位,利用晚期成藏效应和相势耦合理论可以预测有利勘探目标,并指出潜在有利勘探目标。     

Late-Stage Reservoir Formation Effect and Its Dynamic Mechanisms in Complex Superimposed Basins

<正>Complex superimposed basins exhibit multi-stage tectonic events and multi-stage reservoir formation;hydrocarbon reservoirs formed in the early stage have generally late-stage genesis characteristics after undergoing adjustment,reconstruction and destruction of later-stage multiple tectonic events.In this paper,this phenomenon is called the late-stage reservoir formation effect.The late-stage reservoir formation effect is a basic feature of oil and gas-forming reservoirs in complex superimposed basins,revealing not only multi-stage character,relevance and complexity of oil and gas-forming reservoirs in superimposed basins but also the importance of late-stage reservoir formation. Late-stage reservoir formation is not a basic feature of oil and gas forming reservoir in superimposed basins.Multi-stage reservoir formation only characterizes one aspect of oil and gas-forming reservoir in superimposed basins and does not represent fully the complexity of oil and gas-forming reservoir in superimposed basins.We suggest using "late-stage reservoir formation effect" to replace the "late-stage reservoir formation" concept to guide the exploration of complex reservoirs in superimposed basins. Under current geologic conditions,the late-stage reservoir formation effect is represented mainly by four basic forms:phase transformation,scale reconstruction,component variation and trap adjustment.The late-stage reservoir formation effect is produced by two kinds of geologic processes: first,the oil and gas retention function of various geologic thresholds(hydrocarbon expulsion threshold,hydrocarbon migration threshold,and hydrocarbon accumulating threshold) causes the actual time of oil and gas reservoir formation to be later than the time of generation of large amounts of hydrocarbon in a conventional sense,producing the late-stage reservoir formation effect;second, multiple types of tectonic events(continuously strong reconstruction,early-stage strong reconstruction, middle-stage strong reconstruction,late-stage strong reconstruction and long-term stable sedimentation) after oil and gas reservoir formation lead to adjustment,reconstruction and destruction of reservoirs formed earlier,and form new secondary hydrocarbon reservoirs due to the late-stage reservoir formation effect.     

中国前陆盆地油气富集规律

天然气的富集是中国前陆盆地的特点,煤系烃源岩发育是天然气富集的主要原因;中西部前陆盆地具有多期成藏的特征,构造多期叠合、古构造发育、多套烃源岩多期演化是油气多期成藏的主控因素;前陆盆地发育三套储盖组合和原源、它源两大套成藏体系,控制着油气纵向分布;前陆盆地不同构造带地质特征控制着油气区域分布规律,逆冲带、前缘隆起带油气藏主要分布于下部成藏体系,坳陷带油气藏主要分布于上部成藏体系;在逆冲山前带油藏被破坏形成油苗、沥青或残余油藏,在坳陷内的逆冲带和坳陷带主要聚集了成熟度相对较高的天然气,在斜坡带和前缘隆起带既聚集了早期形成的油（气）藏,又聚集了晚期成熟度相对较高的天然气。     

库车坳陷西部构造圈闭形成期与烃源岩生烃期匹配关系探讨

根据库车坳陷西部地质剖面分析其构造圈闭类型,利用平衡剖面和生长地层分析构造圈闭形成期次。选取大北1井和一口人工井,应用PRA公司的BasinMod1-D软件,对其进行烃源岩成熟度史模拟,分析烃源岩的主要生烃期。根据构造圈闭形成期与烃源岩主要生烃期的匹配关系,认为西秋里塔格构造带盐下古构造圈闭与拜城凹陷烃源岩生烃期匹配良好,形成的油气藏大部分在后期保存良好,盐上圈闭可能形成油藏,盐层内部圈闭可能形成油藏、气藏或油气藏,在较厚盐层之下的圈闭可能会形成气藏。克拉苏构造带古构造圈闭与克拉苏构造带烃源岩主要生烃期以及拜城凹陷的主要生油期匹配良好,可以形成良好的油气藏,但是库车组沉积末期—第四纪构造破坏严重,油气藏经受构造调整、破坏和再分配形成残余油气藏、次生油气藏,此时正处于侏罗系烃源岩生气期,可以在盐下形成大量气藏。     

右江盆地流体运移过程中成矿与成藏作用

右江盆地裂陷期和坳陷早期的沉积物提供研究区金矿与古油藏的物质与流体。成矿物质与烃类在盆地流体中沿以二叠纪生物礁为核心的断层、浊积岩及不整合面组成的三维输导体系向盆地边缘及二叠纪生物礁的核部运移。由于烃类物质与盐水体系密度的差异，使烃类物质与成矿物质差异聚集于不同的圈闭中形成流体藏。流体矿藏的破坏是导致成矿物质沉淀形成矿床的直接原因。构造活动、风化剥蚀及流体压裂均可导致流体矿藏破坏，其中燕山构造运动是该区流体藏破坏的主要原因，因而亦是该区金矿成矿作用的主要构造营力。本文从盆地流体运移、演化的角度证明，该区古油藏是盆地裂陷与坳陷阶段流体聚集的产物，而矿床则是盆地挤压抬升阶段流体藏破坏、流体散失的结果。研究成果表明，金矿与油气是同一盆地流体在其不同演化阶段的产物，这对在盆地中寻找相同类型的金属矿产意义重大。     

塔里木盆地库车坳陷北部构造带地质结构与油气勘探领域

地质结构、构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系是制约塔里木盆地库车坳陷北部构造带油气勘探进程的重要因素.以地震剖面为基础,结合区域构造背景、露头地层特征以及钻井资料,对北部构造带3个构造段(吐格尔明、迪北吐孜、巴什)的地质结构进行了详细解剖,恢复了构造演化史,并分析了变形特征,最后在构造演化与油气成藏关系的基础上,讨论了北部构...     

改造型盆地油气赋存-成藏理论体系纲要

中国沉积盆地的鲜明个性特征之一是后期改造强烈而普遍。此特征深刻地影响着油气的赋存条件和成藏效应,明显增加了地质研究和油气勘探的难度。改造型盆地和盆地复杂改造地区已成为中国油气勘探和资源接替的重要领域。盆地后期改造的主要形式可分为隆升-剥蚀、沉降-深埋、热力作用、流体活动和构造变形五种类型。在自然界,多种地质作用同时参与的复合式改造更为普遍。改造型盆地特征复杂多样,油气赋存和成藏过程集多类含油气盆地中诸多油气藏之众合。本文将改造型盆地油气赋存-成藏的核心理论纲要式归纳为:原盆控源、过程控储、改造控藏、多源成藏、动态聚散、晚期定位。原盆控源,即改造型盆地的烃源岩是在改造前原盆富烃凹陷中所形成,改造后留存的烃源岩规模及特征决定盆地油气的贫富和分布。各类储层的形成和保存总体受岩石原生物质沉积-埋藏成岩和次生改造重塑两大阶段全过程的控制,称之为过程控储。盆地或地区后期改造过程及结果的个性特征直接控制着该地区油气的赋存、成藏-定位和分布特点,即改造控藏。后期多种形式的改造可引发多源油气富集成藏,既含来自不同深度、不同成熟度烃源岩的油气同储成藏,又有源自不同类型、不同世代烃源岩的油气混聚成藏,还包括烃类与各种非烃类气体同储或同盆共存成藏。盆地经受多期次构造变动和改造必然导致油气发生多次动态聚散和晚期成藏-定位。将晚期成藏与定位连在一起就较全面地概括和体现了不同时代盆地大多油气藏形成的要点和勘探界关注的重点。     

应用流体包裹体和自生伊利石测年重构鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏烃类充注史

中生界侏罗系是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的石油勘探与开发目的层之一,侏罗系油藏受前侏罗纪古地貌影响较为显著。本文通过流体包裹体特征分析、均一化温度测定和包裹体丰度（GOI）分析、定量颗粒荧光（QGF、QGF-E）研究以及储集层自生伊利石K-Ar定年等实验方法和手段的应用,对鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油气包裹体特征进行了精细描述及定量化分析研究,揭示了侏罗系油藏形成时间、充注过程及油气包裹体与油气运移、成藏的关系。研究结果表明：侏罗系油藏存在晚期充注,早期充注少或油藏遭受调整,早期生成的烃类现今仅以沥青的形式赋存,现今烃类流体主要为晚期成藏的产物。侏罗系石油大规模充注期为（108.3±2.0）~（116.5±2.0）Ma（早白垩世中期）,具有垂向运移聚集的特点。鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏早期受岩性和构造双重控制,晚期构造活动调整了油气藏的形态及局部富集。侏罗系在晚期成藏过程中没有形成过叠合连片的大规模的油藏,只在局部构造上形成规模较小的“小而肥”的独立油藏。     

徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩裂缝与天然气成藏

徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层虽然发育大量气孔和原生裂缝,但是其连通性差,构造裂缝的发育程度决定了储层的优劣和成藏概率。为了阐明裂缝与天然气成藏之间的关系,首先,利用岩心、成像测井以及实验分析等资料对徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层裂缝的成因类型与特征、控制因素、分布规律及形成期次进行了研究,然后结合研究区烃源岩演化、气源断裂活动期次以及盖层封闭能力演化,讨论了构造裂缝与天然气成藏的关系。研究结果显示,徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩发育原生裂缝和次生裂缝,以次生构造裂缝为主。在平面上构造裂缝受断裂、岩性和岩相控制,在纵向上受不整合面控制,具有旋回性分布的特点。构造裂缝主要分三期形成,其中第二期形成时期(泉头组沉积末期-青山口组沉积时期)与烃源岩生烃高峰期相吻合,并且气源断裂处于活动期,盖层也具有很好的封气能力,为研究区主要成藏期。     

大巴山前陆冲断带古水动力演化阶段及其对油气藏形成和保存的影响

针对传统古水动力阶段划分存在的问题,结合大巴山前陆冲断带特殊构造特征,以油气成藏组合为单元,将大巴山前陆冲断带古水动力演化阶段划分为沉积水动力阶段、渗入水动力阶段、构造作用水动力阶段和埋藏水动力阶段。其中下部油气成藏组合主要经历了1个沉积水动力阶段、4个渗入水动力阶段、4个埋藏水动力阶段和3个构造作用水动力阶段,中部油气成藏组合主要经历了1个沉积水动力阶段、3个渗入水动力阶段、2个埋藏水动力阶段和3个构造作用水动力阶段,而上部油气成藏组合主要经历了渗入水动力阶段。二叠纪至早白垩世的埋藏水动力阶段有利于下部油气成藏组合油气的生成和运聚成藏,但是构造作用水动力阶段,对油气藏的调整和改造作用影响很大,晚白垩世之后的渗入水动力阶段,导致下部成藏组合的油气藏进一步遭到调整和破坏。在晚三叠世末至晚白垩世的埋藏水动力和构造作用水动力阶段,中部成藏组合的原油发生大量裂解,同时形成了许多调整-改造型油气藏,晚白垩世之后的渗入水动力和构造作用水动力阶段,大巴山前陆坳陷带中部成藏组合的油气藏发生了大量的调整和改造作用,而大巴山前陆基底拆离构造带和前陆盖层滑脱构造带中部成藏组合的油气藏则主要表现为改造和破坏作用。     

塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析

塔里木盆地北部地区奥陶系是最重要的勘探层系,油气资源丰富;同时油气相态复杂多样,既有凝析气藏、正常油藏,也有稠油油藏、沥青等。通过对油气藏形成演化与保存过程的系统分析,结合油气地球化学和流体包裹体等分析数据,发现油气相态的多样性与油气多期次充注与次生蚀变作用有关。提出塔北隆起的东部奥陶系存在三期油气充注过程,分别发生在加里东运动晚期-海西早期、海西运动晚期、喜马拉雅运动晚期,原油主要来源于中、上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气主要来自与寒武系烃源岩有关的液态烃的裂解;塔北隆起的中西部奥陶系的油气充注主要发生在海西运动晚期。塔北奥陶系油藏形成以后,经历了三期明显的调整改造过程:海西早期构造抬升导致志留-泥盆系遭受剥蚀,东部源自寒武系油气的古油藏遭受破坏,形成沥青;三叠系沉积前的晚海西运动,使得奥陶系生源的油藏大范围遭受降解稠化;晚喜山期,来自于满加尔坳陷的天然气自东向西充注,致使隆起东部早期形成的油藏发生强烈的气侵改造,形成次生凝析气藏。而中西部奥陶系油藏在三叠系沉积前遭受降解稠化后,一直处于沉降深埋过程,油藏得到有效保存;由于成藏时间较早,轻质组分散失较多,气油比极低,油质较稠。研究认为,油气相态的多样性主要受晚海西期构造运动的抬升造成的生物降解作用和喜马拉雅晚期构造运动造成的天然气自东向西大规模充注对油藏进行气洗改造两大过程的控制。     

非稳态成藏理论探索与实践

将油气从生成到散失全过程作为时间域内一个连续而统一的系统,并将其分为前油藏、油藏及后油藏等三个阶段,定义了非稳态油气藏的概念,建立了非稳态油气成藏理论框架。非稳态油气藏是指油气处于充注或调整过程之中、尚未形成统一的油气水界面、油气水处于动态平衡状态下的油气富集单元,主要特征表现为在相互连通的储集体内出现多个或大幅度倾斜的油气水界面,或者出现油气水关系侧向倒置等特殊现象。对塔里木盆地哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏进行了物理模拟实验,探讨了后油藏阶段油气的富集类型,拓宽了油气勘探开发对象。将非稳态油气成藏理论应用于哈得逊地区和塔中4油田的滚动勘探开发实践,后油藏的概念得到了勘探的证实,取得了良好的勘探效果。非稳态油气成藏理论为塔里木盆地油藏滚动勘探开发奠定了新的理论基础。     

Main Controlling Factors on Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Distribution in Marine Sedimentary Sequences in South China

Multiple source rock assemblages were deposited in the sedimentary provinces in South China in geologic history,and some of them were destructed by and some survived against multiple tectonic movements.Therefore,multiple sources,mixed sources,and uneven distribution of sources occurred in the marine sedimentary basins in South China during the late stage of hydrocarbon pooling.Epidiagenesis of the marine carbonate reservoirs and its modification to reservoir poroperm characteristics determined the formation and the scale of natural gas pools.The exploration practices show that the large to medium gas fields mainly occur in areas with high-quality reservoirs.Detailed study of the paleo-oil accumulations and typical oil and gas reservoirs reveals that the basins experienced multiphase superimposition and modification,leading to the distribution of the Paleozoic paleo-oil accumulations and bitumen in the peripheral areas.The phenomenon that oil and gas production concentrates in the Sichuan basin indicates that the overall sealing conditions of a basin determine the oil/gas potentials and the scale of oil and gas production.This is a critical factor controlling the accumulation and distribution of gas in the marine sequences in South China.The early oil and gas pools in the Yangtze platform left billions of bitumen in the peripheral areas due to the destruction of seals.Since the Himalayan,"late-generation and late-accumulation" gas pools represented by the gas pools in the Sichuan (四川) basin were formed in the marine sedimentary sequences in South China as a result of the change of the sealing conditions.Current gas discoveries appear to be "paleo-generation and paleo-accumulation" gas pools but actually are "late-generation and late-accumulation" gas pools.These patterns of hydrocarbon pooling clearly depict themselves in western Sichuan basin and Weiyuan (威远)gas field.It is revealed that the gas pools in the Sichuan basin were mainly formed as a result of hydrocarbon phase change (thermal cracking of oil to gas),miscible migration,and dynamic equilibration since the Himalayan.A large number of gas pools were formed in the Himalayan and the gas pools in the marine sequences are characterized by late pooling; this kind of gas fields/pools are controlled by:(1) effectiveness of modification and superimposition of the marine basins,(2) effectiveness of the source rocks,(3) effectiveness of the overall preservation conditions,and (4) effectiveness of plays.     

Hydrocarbon Inclusion Characteristics in the Cambrian-Ordovician Carbonates of the TS2 Well: Implication for Deep Hydrocarbon Exploration in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

Going deep has been the strategy for the sustainable development of the Tahe Oilfield.Following the TS1 well in block 1,which revealed excellent combinations of hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation in the deeper parts of the Tarim Basin,the TS2 well was drilled to learn more about the prospectivity in the deeper parts of the main blocks of the Tahe Oilfield.Seventeen core samples were collected to perform fluid inclusion studies,including petrography,fluorescence microspectrometry,and microthermometry.The results show that the deeper parts of the Tahe Oilfield have a good hydrocarbon potential.The Cambrian source rocks can supply sufficient oil for not only the Cambrian reservoirs,but also for the Lower Ordovician reservoirs.The CambrianOrdovician carbonates reservoirs experienced at least three oil charging events and one late gas charging event.Oil accumulations formed in the early stage of basin evolution were likely destroyed in the late stage with deep burial,tectonic movements,or invasion of hydrothermal fluids.Therefore,the deep hydrocarbon exploration of the Tahe Oilfield,even the whole Tarim Basin,should focus on gas accumulations,although oil accumulations,especially in Cambrian reservoirs,cannot be neglected.     

长岭断陷龙凤山地区断裂与油气运聚的关系

长岭断陷龙凤山地区具有“下生上储、他源成藏”特征,明确断裂与油气运聚的关系对指导其油气勘探具有重要意义.在分析断裂静态特征的基础上,分别定量评价断裂的活动性、封闭性以及断-盖配置关系,并提出了评价断-盖配置有效性的“SGR下限”法(SGR全称是Shale Gouge Ratio),结合油气藏静态分布特征,探讨了断裂对油气差异聚集的控制作用.研究结果表明,第1期油气成藏早中期,断裂可大规模输导油气;第1期晚期及第2期油气成藏时,主干反向断裂形成的封闭“走廊”空间为油气提供聚集场所.应用“SGR下限”法,认为营Ⅲ砂组断-盖配置关系较好,为油气提供良好的保存条件.断裂控烃作用体现在3个方面,断裂的活动性控制了油气不同时期的垂向运移规模,断裂的封闭差异性控制了油气富集程度,断-盖配置关系控制了油气的富集层系.      

有机流体成矿作用与古油藏成藏作用相互耦合——以右江盆地微细浸染型金矿为例

右江盆地微细浸染型金矿与古油藏均产于二叠纪生物礁的核部或侧翼.流体包裹体拉曼光谱分析和矿石抽提物色质谱分析均发现了大量的有机质官能团, 暗示金矿成矿过程与古油藏的形成、演化密切相关.金矿与古油藏的物质均来源于盆地裂陷期和凹陷早期的沉积地层, 流体来源于沉积地层中封存的建造水, 形成年龄 > 172 Ma.在随后约40 Ma(172~130 Ma)的时间里, 流体向盆地中生物礁及其他构造部位运移聚集.由于盆地中烃源岩逐渐成熟, 这一过程是油气运移成藏的过程, 也是有机流体萃取成矿物质, 最终演变为有机成矿流体并聚集的过程.燕山运动是金矿成矿作用的主要构造营力(130~46 Ma), 同时也是古油藏破坏的主要原因.正是古油藏的破坏打破了流体的动态平衡, 导致流体中成矿物质沉淀形成矿床.右江盆地的金矿和古油气藏是同一种流体体系在其发展演化过程中不同阶段的产物.      

阜新改造型盆地油气评价及勘探方向

阜新盆地历经了多次构造运动改造,导致油气藏保存条件遭受断层破坏、油气多次动态散聚以及油气的多源性等特征.通过盆地改造类型、油气评价及勘探方向等方面研究,认为:1)阜新盆地属于整体抬升改造剥蚀型,主要的生储盖层九佛堂组、沙海组保存完好;2)油气评价应采用从原型盆地构造演化源控论正向分析与从保存单元评价保存和富集油气储层的...