RTK技术在航迹、航速测量中的应用与研究

为了确定桥梁的通航标准，给桥跨和桥墩位的设计提供基础资料，需要对各种船舶的航迹和航速进行测量，在比较和研究后选择了利用GPSRTK技术进行测量，经过实践检验，该方法不仅切实可行，而且大大提高了工作效率。     

工具型地理信息系统的结构与功能分析

地理信息系统,从用户的角度可分为两类:实用型地理信息系统和工具型地理信息系统。本文着重讨论了工具型地理信息系统的结构,详细分析了各子系统应具备的基本功能。     

地图设计与视觉感受的探讨

视觉地图的信息传递 ,实际上是地图作者的设计思想在地图读者视觉感受中的体现。本文在对人的视觉感受和影响感受效果主要因素分析的基础上 ,提出读者视觉感受的效果是地图信息传递成败和效率高低的关键 ,也是评价地图设计的重要依据的观点 ,进而对地图内容选取和概括指标的确定、地图符号设计、色彩设计、图面配置及整饰设计与视觉感受的关系作了一定的分析 ,并提出了在地图设计中需要注意的一些问题。     

THE ADJUSTMENT OF TRIGONOMETRICAL LEVELS AND THE EVALUATION OF THE COEFFICIENT OF TERRESTRIAL REFRACTION

Abstract

This paper is written primarily with the object of ascertaining how other Colonies and Dominions deal. with the adjustment of their trigonometricallevels; further, since the greater part of Nigeria is now covered by a framework of levels of primary accuracy it is of interest to examine the results. Moreover, the evaluation of the coefficient of refraction, and from it the temperature lapse-rate, is of some importance in view of the recent publication of the War Office Aneroid Tables. These tables are based on a standard lapse-rate of temperature.     

COMPUTATION AND MAPPING OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE WATER-ICE BUDGET OF GLACIERS

Two general approaches for compiling maps of components of the water-ice budget in regions of glacier nourishment are compared and the resulting maps are analyzed. The compilation of raw data is based on field measurements rather than remote sensing information. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Materialy glyatsiologicheskikh issledovaniy, 1991, No. 72, pp. 94-102.     

THE RELATION OF CARTOGRAPHY TO THE LAWS AND CLASSIFICATION OF SCIENCE

The chairman of Moscow University's Cartography Department addresses questions about cartography's place in the system of scientific knowledge, qualifications as a science, subject matter, and methods of analysis. Critiques of recent theoretical works both within and outside the USSR lay the groundwork for the author's view of cartography: a multifaceted, interdisciplinary field of knowledge using maps for the presentation and investigation of natural and socioeconomic phenomena. Although few if any strictly cartographic laws exist at present, map use methods are applied widely for the discovery and analysis of laws in other disciplines. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1984, No. 6, pp. 3-10.     

SIR DAVID GILL AND THE GEODETIC SURVEY OF SOUTH AFRICA AND THE ARC OF THE 30TH MERIDIAN

Abstract

In the memoir of the late Capt. G. T. McCaw which appeared in the January number of this Review (vii, 47,2), reference was made to the part which the late Sir David Gill played in the origin of the work on the survey of the Arc of the 30th Meridian in Africa. This year is the centenary of Gill's birth, as he was born in June 1843, and it is therefore timely to give some account of his work during his long term of office as Her Majesty's Astronomer at the Cape which resulted inthe inception and completion of the Geodetic Survey of South Africa and the survey of the Arc to the southern shores of Lake Tanganyika. He died on 24th January 1914.     

THE ORDNANCE SURVEY AND THE FINAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE OF 1935

Abstract

The conclusions of this Committee have aroused small interest so far, because war was upon us almost as soon as the publication (1938). They may, however, greatly affect our surveys and maps of the future, and it is time to examine them. First of all, however, it is desirable to see the background against which the Committee's recommendations appear. For that reason the following chronological summary is given. It is divided into three periods, those of Growth, of Hesitation and of War, and it is given to supplement the chronology of the Final Report in matters which are discussed therein.     

监测网优化设计的必要性及内容

本文详细分析了监测网优化设计的必要性，并针对监测网的特点，叙述了监测网设计的有关问题。     

大广坝土坝放样及精度分析

本文介绍了土坝坡脚线放样方法，并对精度作了分析。     

洞庭湖吞吐调蓄数学模型及调洪功能评估

洞庭湖是一个吞吐调节型湖泊,是我国第二大淡水湖。近年来,洪涝灾害十分频繁,人们的生命财产安全受到严重威胁。为满足洞庭湖减灾防灾综合治理的需要,本文通过对8个不同时相的TM图像计算机解译和面积计算,查明了洞庭湖的面积和容积,建立了湖水面积与水位及湖水体积与水位的相关数学模型,并对其蓄洪调节能力进行评价,获得了满意的效果。该成果对洞庭湖区防洪减灾及综合治理具有十分重要的意义。     

国土资源遥感技术进展与展望

本文简要回顾了中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心的遥感技术发展历程，着重介绍新一轮国土资源大调查实施以来的主要技术进展与应用成果，并对今后我国国土资源遥感技术的发展方向进行分析。     

关于图与圈之并图的圈唯一性的两个猜测

Farrell引进图G的圈多项式C(G:)。文[1]猜测:(1)K_p∪Z_p县有圈唯一性;(2)_p∪Z_p是圈唯一的。本文证明上述猜测为真。     

北京市规划道路管理查询系统的设计与实现

应用GIS技术,在ArcInfo8.1和ArcView3.2软件的基础上,设计研发了"北京市规划道路管理查询系统",实现了图形数据与属性数据的一体化编辑,维护了规划道路图形与属性数据的一致性,解决了系统查询与更新的并发操作问题,实现了不连续道路交叉点的图形及属性输出,成果输出变得非常灵活方便。     

用MODIS数据监测京津风沙源工程区植被指数的选择及合成

通过对比分析MODIS数据的标准归一化差分植被指数、土壤调节植被指数及增强型植被指数的特点,最终选择标准归一化差分植被指数(NDVI)对工程区进行监测。并阐述了最大合成法合成MODIS植被指数是一种行之有效的方法。     

超站仪HD-STGPS的检测及应用

简述了超站仪定位系统HD－STGPS的检测与应用，并得出了一些有益的结论与建议，供同行参考。