基于DEM及模拟平差的航空摄影航线优化设计方法

采用了模拟数据解算及变基线敷设航线的方法,自动解算了地形、相机参数及飞行器参数最优重叠度,设计出最适合该测区的航线。     

适于多种函模型的测量平差软件

本文给出了平差概括模型以及其它平差函数模型之间的关系，并根据概括平差模型编制了测量平差软件，该软件能完成，间接平差，条件平差，附有参数的条件平差，附有限制条件的间接平差，通过算例，证明该具有一定的实用性。     

模型误差对平差结果及其参数估计性质的影响分析

本文从模型误差的理论出发，讨论了模型误差对平差结果及其参数估计性质的影响，提出了当存在模型误差时，采用均方差对平差模型及其结果进行估价更为合理．     

BOWDITCH TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENT AND A MODIFICATION

Abstract

Cadastral Traversing.—For cadastral purposes traverses are now being executed with an accuracy wholly unnecessary for even large topographical scales. But since “accuracy” varies from a mile to a micron, according to the viewpoint of the observer, it is advisable to exhibit a cadastral traverse, care being taken that it is not an example of that not very uncommon occurrence in which fortuity apes precIsIon. If the accuracy of the example is somewhat unusual, it can be said with assurance that it is not very unusual.     

ON THE ORTHOMORPHIC PROPERTY OF SCHOLS ADJUSTMENT

Abstract

In vol. iv, nos. 29 and 30, of the E.S.R., there appeared an article by Mr. D. R. Hendrikz on the “Adjustment of the Secondary Triangulation of South Africa”. He shows that, in applying the Schols method of orthomorphic transmission to the adjustment of a secondary net to a primary triangle, the secondary sides suffer small displacements.     

SOME NOTES ON THE ADJUSTMENT OF TRAVERSES

Abstract

It has now become a truism that angles in traverses are observed with a far greater accuracy than the sides, and this applies to all categories of traverse work: precise, transit-and-tape, tacheometric traverses, etc. The result of this is that the effect of angular errors on misclosures in co-ordinates is sometimes so small when compared with that of linear errors that it may be considered as negligible.     

基于ArcObjects的虚拟现实中TIN型DEM的局部铲平

提出了一种使用AO组件和VC 开发、实现对TIN型DEM局部铲平的方法,经检验其效果明显,消除了地形与模型的不匹配,完全满足了道路规划的需求。     

BLOCK ADJUSTMENT WITH ARRAY AND VECTOR PROCESSORS

The paper discusses some hardware and software developments in mainframe computers and their effects on aerial triangulation block adjustment programs. The results of test runs on two modern computers with unconventional architectures are given and comparisons are made with run times on more conventional serial type computers.     

天文固定的三维平差法及应用

本文研究了制约三维平差发展的两个主要因素：（１）天文观测工作量大,（２）受垂直折光的影响天顶距观测精度低。在此基础上,提出了把天文经纬度作固定的天文固定三维平差法。该方法采用现有的垂线偏差分量来代替外业天文经纬度观测值,并在函数模型中适当处理天顶距垂直折光的影响,获得了满意的结果。另外,本文还针对三维平差观测值种类多的特点,通过试验,认为采用Ｆｒｓｔｎｅｒ近似公式为好。同时,本文给出了边长和天顶距的垂直归心公式。     

论观测值的可靠性度量

国内外许多文献采用观测值的多余观测分量定义可靠性指标，并且认为多余观测分量的值域为区间［０，１］。本文的研究表明，对于相关值而言，上述结论不一定成立，本文借助于一般平差模型，考虑了观测值之间可能存在的相关性，导出了具有普遍意义的观测值可靠性度量指标，深入讨论了多余观测分量与可靠性指标的关系，作为可靠性指标的应用例子，讨论了ＧＰＳ相位三次差分法探测周跳的能力。     

《测量平差》的教学原则及其实践

根据《测量平差》课程的特点，本文归纳了在该课程教学中应遵循的５个教学原则，阐述了各教学原则的定义，要求，具体实施方法和体会，通过对我校四届测量工程专业四年制本科《测量平差》课程的教学实践证明，效果较好。     

Gauss-Helmert模型及其在测量平差中的应用

对于Gauss-Helmert模型,本文直接从广义逆阵的性质而不必通过Lagrange乘子方法简洁地给出参数向量的最佳线性无偏估计(BLUE),然后将所得结果用于求解测量平差中的拟合推估问题,以及广义的含未知量的带权条件平差问题。     

稳健估计法在拟稳平差中的应用

本文对自由网拟稳平差提出将两期成果联合处理原理，并将两期中的点的显著位移当粗差看待，从而将稳健估计用来求出动点位移得出拟稳平差结果，文中应用实例取得了较好的效果。     

RELAXATION AND THE CO-ORDINATE METHOD OF TRIANGULATION ADJUSTMENT

Abstract

Few, most certainly, will dispute the value of Mr Black's paper describing a method of “Systematic Relaxation”, which appeared in a previous number of this Review. At the same time, however, it seems to the writer to be only fair to readers to point out that the application of the method to triangulation adjustment is really a treatment, from a slightly different aspect, of methods that have long been established.     

不等权平差诊断及应用

本文运用数理统计和回归分析理论,推导了不等权平差中的函数模型和异常点诊断的基本公式,指出异常点诊断和粗差定位的区别,讨论了诊断理论和可靠性理论的关系,导出了h_(ii)的统计分布和在二类优化设计中的应用,最后以一实例加以分析说明。