Characteristics of fault rocks and paleo-earthquake source along the Koktokay-Ertai fault zone,Xinjiang,China

ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｆａｕｌｔｒｏｃｋｓａｎｄｐａｌｅｏｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｏｕｒｃｅａｌｏｎｇｔｈｅＫｏｋｔｏｋａｙＥｒｔａｉｆａｕｌｔｚｏｎｅ，Ｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇ，ＣｈｉｎａＬＡＮＢＩＮＳＨＩ１）（史兰斌）ＣＨＵＡＮＹＯＮ...     

Underplating in the middle-lower Yangtze Valley and model of geodynamic evolution:Constraints from geophysical data

~~Underplating in the middle-lower Yangtze Valley and model of geodynamic evolution:Constraints from geophysical data1)East China petroleum Administration,1988(unpublished data). 1)Measurements of regional rock densities and magnetic parameters of Anhui Province(research report),Annul Geological and Mineral Bureau,1987(unpublished). 1)In this paper South China Block(SCB)includes the Yangtze block and Cathaysian block.In the Neoproterozoic the Yangtze block had been sutured to th…     

Assessing current faulting behaviors and seismic risk of the Anninghe-Zemuhe fault zone from seismicity parameters

Introduction Strong and large earthquakes are prepared and generated on specific segments of active fault zones, especially on the asperity parts of the zones (Aki, 1984; Wiemer, Wyss, 1997; Wyss, et al, 2000). Therefore, both the faulting-behavior identification and the rupture segmentation mainly based on the method of active tectonics are always important aspects in active fault research (DING, et al, 1993). The purposes of the two aspects of research focus on determining fault units tha…     

Episodes and ages of seismic landslides along the Changma fault zone

ＥｐｉｓｏｄｅｓａｎｄａｇｅｓｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｌａｎｄｓｌｉｄｅｓａｌｏｎｇｔｈｅＣｈａｎｇｍａｆａｕｌｔｚｏｎｅＬａｉ－ＸｕｎＫＡＮＧ；（康来迅）ａｎｄＪｉａｎ－ＲｏｎｇＷＡＮＧ（王建荣）（ＥａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ...     

Tectonic evolution of the Dabieshan orogen: In the view from polyphase deformation of the Beihuaiyang metamorphic zone

The Dabieshan and its geological counterpart in the Sulu area represent the eastern part of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt in Eastern China. This Orogen corresponds to the collision zone between the North and South China blocks (denoted as NCB and SCB, respectively) during the Early Mesozoic. Since the discovery of ultra-high-pressure (UHP) metamor- phism[1?3], research of the Dabieshan has made great progress from petrological work (e.g. Cong and Wang, 1999 and enclosed references)[…     

Determination of the direction and magnitude of recent tectonic stress in the Xianshuihe fault zone using fault slip data

ＤｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅｏｆｒｅｃｅｎｔｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｓｔｒｅｓｓｉｎｔｈｅＸｉａｎｓｈｕｉｈｅｆａｕｌｔｚｏｎｅｕｓｉｎｇｆａｕｌｔｓｌｉｐｄａｔａ谢富仁，李宏Ｆｕ－ＲｅｎＸＩＥａｎｄＨｏｎｇ...     

On the faults of western Hexi Corridor and its nearby regions, northwestern China:Thrust faults and strike-slip faults of Late Cenozoic

Introduction Hexi Corridor, a corridor extended over 1 000 km and with a strike of WNW-ESE, is locatedbetween Alxa uplift and northern Qilianshan Caledonian folding belt of northern Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau (Figure 1). In the paper, we will discuss the regions between Altun fault and Yu-mushan of the western Hexi Corridor, where the climate is arid, which results in sparse vegetation,but abundant oil and gas resource, and being one of the most important petroleum industry base…     

Paleomagnetic results from Northeast Anatolia: remagnetization in Late Cretaceous sandstones and tectonic rotation at the Eastern extension of the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone

Paleomagnetic results obtained from Upper Cretaceous sandstones in Northeastern Anatolia demonstrate that the entire area from Erzincan to Kars has been remagnetised. The remagnetisation was acquired before the Middle Eocene collision between the Eastern Pontides and the Arabian Platform because Middle Eocene sandstones carry primary natural remanent magnetisations. The post-folding in situ mean direction of the Upper Cretaceous sandstones is compared with mean directions of younger, Middle Eocene to present rock formations. As a result, a two-stage antagonistic rotation mechanism is proposed. First, the collision between the Pontides and the Taurides between Late Cretaceous and Middle Eocene was associated by clockwise rotation of  ~ 26°. In the second stage between Middle Eocene and Middle Miocene and beyond, counterclockwise rotations up to ~ 52° of the Pontide and Anatolide blocks and clockwise rotations of the Van Block were characterised by regional shortening and westward escape.     

The historic evolution of Zhouyuan and the newest activity of the great Wei River fault

ＴｈｅｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＺｈｏｕｙｕａｎａｎｄｔｈｅｎｅｗｅｓｔａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｇｒｅａｔＷｅｉＲｉｖｅｒｆａｕｌｔＸｕｅ－ＦａＹＩ（易学发）ａｎｄＹａ－ＱｉｎＳＨＩ（师亚芹）（ＳｅｉｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕｏｆＳ...     

Experimental study on N_2O and CH_4 fluxes from the dark coniferous forest zone soil of the Gongga Mountain, China

The increasing concentration of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and their resultant climatic and environmental changes have been drawing much attention of the governments of various countries in recent years. The sphere of global influence and the comp…     

Geometric form of Haiyuan fault zone in the crustal interior and dynamics implications

Introduction The deep faults in the crust have direct relation to the occurrence of earthquakes and the dis-tribution of active seismic zones, so the researches on the geometric form and physical parametersof deep crustal faults are always an important problem in seismology. The researches are not onlysignificant to knowledge the deep tectonic background of strong earthquake and seismogenicmechanism, but also play a very important role in earthquake hazard estimation and earthquakeprevent…     

Crust and upper mantle structure of the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and adjacent regions

Using arrival data of the body waves recorded by seismic stations, we reconstructed the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau and the northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea through a travel time tomography technique. The result revealed the apparent tectonic variation along the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and its adjacent regions. High velocities are observed in the upper and middle crust beneath the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and they reflect the character of the fast uplifting and cooling of the metamorphic belt after the ductile shearing of the fault zone, while low velocities in the lower crust and near the Moho imply a relatively active crust-mantle boundary beneath the fault zone. On the west of the fault zone, the large-scale low velocities in the uppermost mantle beneath western Yunnan prove the influence of the mantle heat flow on volcano, hot spring and magma activities, however, the upper mantle on the eas     

Geological analysis and FT dating of the large-scale right-lateral strike-slip movement of the Red River fault zone

Tectonically, the large-scale right-lateral strike-slip movement along the Red River fault zone is char-acterized at its late phase with the southeastward extension and deformation of the Northwestern Yunnan normal fault depression on its northern segment, and the dextral shear displacement on its central-southern segment. Research of the relations between stratum deformation and fault movement on the typical fault segments, such as Jianchuan, southeast Midu, Yuanjiang River, Yuanyang, etc. since the Miocene Epoch shows that there are two times dextral faulting dominated by normal shearing occurring along the Red River fault zone since the Miocene Epoch. The fission track dating (abbrevi-ated to FT dating, the same below) is conducted on apatite samples collected from the above fault segments and relating to these movements. Based on the measured single grain’s age and the con-fined track length, we choose the Laslet annealing model to retrieve the thermal history of the samples, and the results show that the fault zone experienced two times obvious shear displacement, one in 5.5 ± 1.5 MaBP and the other in 2.1± 0.8 MaBP. The central-southern segment sees two intensive uplifts of mountain mass in the Yuanjiang River-Yuanyang region at 3.6―3.8 MaBP and 1.6―2.3 MaBP, which correspond to the above-mentioned two dextral normal displacement events since the late Miocene Epoch.     

Southeastern extension of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) and its tectonic evolution significance in western South China Sea

The tectonic evolution features in the western South China Sea (SCS) are directly related to the Tethys tectonic province. The Red River fault zone (RRFZ) comprises a large part of the Tethys tectonic province and is the boundary between the Europe Block and the India-Asia Block[1]. It serves as the contact between the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the SCSopening. The RRFZ, which is an important dividing line in the geology of the SE Asia, is about 1000 km long in the co…     

Paleoclimate evolution and aridification mechanism of the eastern Tethys during the Callovian–Oxfordian: evidence from geochemical records of the Qiangtang Basin,Tibetan Plateau

Global climate during the Jurassic has been commonly described as a uniform greenhouse climate for a long time.However,the climate scenario of a cool episode during the Callovian-Oxfordian transition following by a warming trend during the Oxfordian(163.53 to157.4 Ma) is documented in many localities of the western Tethys.It is still unclear if a correlatable climate scenario also occurred in the eastern Tethys during the same time interval.In this study,a detailed geochemical analysis on the 1060 m thick successions(the Xiali and Suowa formations) from the Yanshiping section of the Qiangtang Basin,located in the eastern Tethys margin during the Callovian-Oxfordian periods,was performed.To reveal the climate evolution of the basin,carbonate content and soluble salt concentrations(SO_4~(2-),Cl~-) were chosen as climatic indices.The results show that the overall climate patterns during the deposition of the Xiali and Suowa formations can be divided into three stages:relatively humid(～164.0 to 160.9 Ma),dry(～160.9 to159.6 Ma),semi-dry(～159.6 to 156.8 Ma).A similar warming climate scenario also occurred in eastern Tethys during the Callovian-Oxfordian transition(～160.9 to159.6 Ma).Besides,we clarify that the Jurassic True polar wander(TPW),the motion of the lithosphere and mantle with respect to Earth's spin axis,inducing climatic shifts were responsible for the aridification of the Qiangtang Basin during the Callovian-Oxfordian transition with a review of the paleolatitude of the Xiali formation(19.7+2.8/-2.6° N) and the Suowa formation(20.7+4.1/-3.7° N).It is because the TPW rotations shifted the East Asia blocks(the North and South China,Qiangtang,and Qaidam blocks) from the humid zone to the tropical/subtropical arid zone and triggered the remarkable aridification during the Middle-Late Jurassic(ca.165-155 Ma).     

Young eclogite from the Greater Himalayan Sequence,Arun Valley,eastern Nepal: P–T–t path and tectonic implications

Garnet geochronology was used to provide the first direct measurement of the timing of eclogitization in the central Himalaya. Lu–Hf dates from garnet separates in one relict eclogite from the Arun River Valley in eastern Nepal indicate an age of 20.7 ± 0.4 Ma, significantly younger than ultra-high pressure eclogites from the western Himalaya, reflecting either different origins or substantial time lags in tectonics along strike. Four proximal garnet amphibolites from structurally lower horizons are 14–15 Ma, similar to post-eclogitization ages published for rocks along strike in southern Tibet. P–T calculations indicate three metamorphic episodes for the eclogite: i) eclogite-facies metamorphism at ～ 670 °C and ≥ 15 kbar at 23–16 Ma; ii) a peak-T granulite event at ～ 780 °C and 12 kbar; and iii) late-stage amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ～ 675 °C and 6 kbar at ～ 14 Ma. The garnet amphibolites were metamorphosed at ～ 660 °C. Three models are considered to explain the observed P–T–t evolution. The first assumes that the Main Himalayan Thrust (basal thrust of the Himalayan thrust system) cuts deeper at Arun than elsewhere. While conceptually the simplest, this model has difficulty explaining both the granulite-facies overprint and the pulse of exhumation between 25 and 14 Ma. A second model assumes that (aborted) subduction, slab breakoff, and ascent of India's leading edge occurred diachronously: ～ 50 Ma in the western Himalaya, ～ 25 Ma in the central Himalaya of Nepal, and presumably later in the eastern Himalaya. This model explains the P–T–t path, particularly heating during initial exhumation, but implies significant along-strike diachroneity, which is generally lacking in other features of the Himalaya. A third model assumes repeated loss of mantle lithosphere, first by slab breakoff at ～ 50 Ma, and again by delamination at ～ 25 Ma; this model explains the P–T–t path, but requires geographically restricted tectonic behavior at Arun. The P–T–t history of the Arun eclogites may imply a change in the physical state of the Himalayan metamorphic wedge at 16–25 Ma, ultimately giving rise to the Main Central Thrust by 15–16 Ma.     

Holocene activities of the Taigu fault zone, Shanxi Province, and their relations with the 1303 Hongdong M=8 earthquake

Introduction The Taigu fault is located on the eastern boundary of the Jinzhong basin in the Shanxi fault depression system, which is one of the 12 major active basin boundary faults, and is also less studied among them. The reason for this is, firstly, the Jinzhong basin has no historical earth-quakes with M 7, while the two basins linked together in the northern and southern sides, the Linfen and Xinding basins all have had historical earthquakes with M 7; secondly, because the Jiaochen…     

The slip rate and strong earthquake recurrence interval on the Qianning-Kangding segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone

IntroductionLocated in the western part of Sichuan Province, China, the Xianshuihe fault zone is a notable strong earthquake zone in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. At its northwestern end, the Xianshuihe fault zone overlaps the Ganzi-Yushu fault in a left-stepping pattern. The fault zone extends southeastwards through Luhuo, Daofu, Kangding, and Moxi and disappears near Shimian, with a total length of 400 km. The fault trends N40(-50°W in the north, and N20(-30°W to the south of Kangdi…     

Paleomagnetism of the Permian–Triassic Siberian Traps Intrusions from the Kulumbe River Valley,Northwestern Siberian Platform

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—The Kulumbe River area occupies a transitional position in the Siberian Traps province due to being located in the junction zone of the...     

The movement age of hidden fault and analysis on width of its effect zone from shallow seismic sounding and drilling data

Introduction Artificial seismic sounding is a geophysical exploration technique developed in prospectingfor oil and gas and other mineral resources and consists of reflection wave and refraction waveexploration methods. With rapid development of computer techniques and sounding instruments,the reflection wave method became a high-resolution imagery technique for underground struc-tures and is widespreadly used in detection of underground caves and in engineering exploration.In previous se…