2022年门源MS6.9和2016年门源MS6.4地震序列比较分析

2022年1月8日青海省海北州门源县发生M_S6.9地震,震中距离2016年1月21日门源M_S6.4地震震中约33km,两次门源地震均发生在冷龙岭断裂附近,但在震源机制、主发震断层破裂过程及地震序列余震活动等方面显著不同。针对两次门源地震序列的比较分析,对研究冷龙岭断裂及其附近区域强震序列和余震衰减特征等具有重要研究意义。通过对比分析2022年门源M_S6.9地震和2016年门源M_S6.4地震余震的时空演化特征,发现二者在震源过程和断层破裂尺度上存在明显差异,前者发震断层破裂充分,震后能量释放充分,余震丰富且震级偏高;而后者发震断层未破裂至地表,余震震级水平偏低。综合分析两次门源地震序列表现出来的差异性,认为其可能与地震发震断层的破裂过程密切相关,且同时受到区域构造环境的影响。     

2016年门源M_S 6.4地震前后视应力变化

利用青海区域地震台网数字地震波资料,计算2010—2016年研究区域184个M_L≥2.5地震及2016年门源地震序列150个M_L≥2.0地震的震源动力学参数,分析视应力时空变化。结果显示:视应力与震级呈正相关,随震级增大而升高;门源6.4级地震前中小震视应力存在起伏变化,可能反映了区域应力场的增强;门源M_L 5.0强余震前小震视应力呈升高趋势。     

2016年门源MS 6.4地震前后视应力变化

利用青海区域地震台网数字地震波资料,计算2010—2016年研究区域184个M_L≥2.5地震及2016年门源地震序列150个M_L≥2.0地震的震源动力学参数,分析视应力时空变化。结果显示：视应力与震级呈正相关,随震级增大而升高;门源6.4级地震前中小震视应力存在起伏变化,可能反映了区域应力场的增强;门源M_L 5.0强余震前小震视应力呈升高趋势。     

青海门源MS6.9地震井水位与水温同震响应特征分析

基于全国地震地下流体台网数据库,分析了2022年1月8日青海海北藏族自治州门源县 M_S6.9地震引起的地下流体井水位、水温同震响应特征。结果表明:本次地震引起的水位同震响应观测井数量远大于水温;水位同震响应开始时间、结束时间均优先于水温,水温同震响应是水位同震响应的次生变化。对比门源2022年1月8日 M_S6.9和2016年1月21日 M_S6.4地震,发现地震能量不同是造成两次地震同震响应差异的主要原因。     

2016年1月21日青海门源MS6.4地震震源机制解及发震构造初步探讨

采用CAP（Cut and Paste）方法反演了2016年1月21日青海门源M_S6.4地震的震源机制解,其最佳双力偶解节面I走向339°,倾角49°,滑动角111°：节面Ⅱ走向129°,倾角45°,滑动角68°,矩震级M_W5.92,矩心震源深度约为9 km,地震破裂类型为逆冲型地震。结合余震序列展布及震区的活动构造特征,判定发震断层面为节面I,推测此次地震的发震断裂为冷龙岭断裂。     

2022年青海门源MS6.9地震前地下流体异常特征分析

对2022年1月8日青海门源M_S6.9地震前,震中附近地下流体观测资料及异常特征进行分析,结合震前预测过程进行了回顾性总结。结果表明：门源地震震中500 km范围内存在9项异常,其中8项为中短期异常,均出现在震前6个月;异常在空间上分布不均匀,主要集中于震中南部200 km范围内;本次门源地震与2016年门源M_S6.4地震和2021年玛多M_S7.4地震前的地下流体异常存在一定的相同性及差异性变化。     

2017年8月8日四川九寨沟MS7.0地震前甘肃南部地区视应力变化

利用甘肃省区域台网提供的地震波形资料,计算甘肃南部地区2010年1月～2017年8月M_L≥2.0地震的视应力,分析九寨沟地震前甘南地区视应力的时空演化特征,所得结果如下：①M_L2.6～3.1、M_L2.0～2.5震级段地震视应力的空间分布具有较好的一致性,九寨沟M_S7.0地震前,距震中较近的川甘交界地区的舟曲、文县等地呈现出较为集中的视应力高值异常;②M_L2.0～2.5、M_L2.6～3.1地震的视应力在大区域范围内随时间的变化趋势有一定差异,M_L2.6～3.1地震视应力变化更为明显,在较大区域范围内表现为震前显著升高,而M_L2.0～2.5地震视应力则在震前一两年内开始下降;③随着区域划分范围向震中靠近,M_L2.0～2.5、M_L2.6～3.1地震视应力的变化逐渐趋于一致,至震中附近时,2个震级段视应力均表现为“震前几年长时间升高—临震前几个月下降”的同步变化。     

门源6.4级地震前后倾斜异常的识别与分析

门源2套倾斜仪在2016年门源6. 4级地震前后4～8个月的时间均出现倾斜的异常变化。围绕这2次异常变化进行分析,通过2次异常变化特征的对比和与地震的关系检验得出:2015年8月17日出现的异常属于门源6. 4级地震的前兆异常,而2016年10月25日出现的异常变化应为震后调整性异常。结合门源地震的震源机制解和发震构造分析认为倾斜异常均有向东的指示意义,与区域应力挤压方向大体保持一致,表明门源倾斜对区域应力变化具有较好的响应。     

用PTD方法测定2017年精河MS6.6地震序列的深度

2017年8月9日精河发生M_S6.6地震,随后发生一系列余震。本文采用PTD方法和新疆测震台网分析的震相数据,基于新疆“2015地壳速度模型”,计算了该地震序列的震源深度,得到M_S6.6主震震源深度约为14km,M_S≥2.5余震深度为9～18km。所有震相数据来自中国地震台网中心编目数据库。     

2022年1月8日门源MS 6.9地震序列震源机制特征分析

<正>1研究内容据中国地震台网中心测定,北京时间2022年1月8日01时45分,青海海北州门源县发生M_S 6.9地震,震中位置与2016年1月21日门源M_S 6.4地震相距约10 km,附近构造为冷龙岭断裂。该区域之前曾于1986年和2016年发生2次门源地震,震级均为M_S 6.4,震源机制均表现为逆冲类型。根据中国地震局地球物理研究所公布的震源机制结果,此次门源M_S 6.9地震为走滑型破裂,活动类型与以往门源地震有所不同。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Dissolved Carbohydrate Concentration,Composition, and Bioavailability to Microbial Heterotrophs in Stream Water

Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC.