船舶螺旋桨尾流动态结构分析

为了探索螺旋桨尾流的细节结构,以标准桨DTMB 4119桨为研究对象,利用Fluent软件开展了均匀来流下螺旋桨尾流场的数值模拟,分析了尾流场中轴向、径向、周向速度、涡量以及螺旋桨附着涡的总环量分布特征;研究了尾流结构及其演化规律,获得诸如Rankine模式梢涡的结构、尾涡片的分层特征、尾流收缩等典型的尾涡结构特征。计算结果与试验测试结果取得了良好的吻合。     

简易导管三叶可调螺距螺旋桨系列

为改善船舶推进和海洋工程动力定位的性能,对导管螺旋桨及可调螺距螺旋桨进行了多方面的研究工作。采用导管可调螺距螺旋桨可兼顾二者之优点进一步改善其推进性能。 利用交通大学JDC三叶可调螺距螺旋桨系列和JD7704导管组合成导管调距桨系列,本文提出了全部试验及分析结果。 用多元回归分析方法对全部试验结果进行处理。最后,给出了回归系数,敞水性征曲线,水动力及离心力转叶力矩值以及(B_p)~(1/2)-δ图谱,供设计使用。     

在建导管架平台圆管风致涡激振动及减振研究

研究了大型导管架平台卧式建造时出现单边约束圆管的风致涡激振动问题。将建造过程中单边约束的导管架圆管简化成悬臂梁模型,采用van der Pol尾流振子模型模拟圆管受到的流体力,建立了圆管风致涡激振动动力学方程。使用伽辽金方法对建立的运动方程进行求解,数值分析了圆管在特定约化风速下的涡激振动特性。在圆管上附加非线性能量阱(NES)作为被动减振装置对圆管进行减振,并采用粒子群优化算法对NES的非线性刚度和阻尼参数进行了优化。结果表明,在约化速度为4.8时,得到的NES优化的非线性刚度和阻尼参数组合可以有效减小悬臂梁自由端风致涡激振动位移。本研究说明采用NES和粒子群优化算法可以有效减小圆管的风致涡激振动,为导管架安全建造提供一定的参考。     

块状冰对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响

基于重叠网格模型,通过非定常RANS数值模拟与结果分析,研究了块状冰的尺寸、轴向运动和冰桨位置对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响。选用切割体网格绘制整体静止计算域的背景网格,之后结合棱柱层网格绘制螺旋桨子计算域和冰块子计算域的重叠网格,不同的计算域之间通过两者的重叠区域进行数据传递和插值。计算结果显示,当冰块固定在桨前时,螺旋桨产生的非定常推力和扭矩均以叶频为基频进行周期性变化,而且两者的时间平均值和振幅主要受冰块在螺旋桨盘面内的轴向投影面积、冰桨轴向位置和冰桨水平位置的影响;当冰块在桨前沿轴向匀速靠近螺旋桨时,冰桨轴向距离逐渐变小,冰桨周向相对位置发生周期性的变化,使得推力和扭矩两者均以叶频振荡,而且两者的时间平均值和振幅均随着冰桨轴向距离减小而增加。     

拖网渔船螺旋桨设计工况研究

作者以8154型、8101型和876型拖网渔船为对象,根据全年生产情况,从快速性、拖曳性能和经济性能,综合研究其螺旋桨设计工况。由34种型桨的研究结果表明:采用普通桨的拖网渔船,拖网航速为最佳设计工况;采用导流管定距桨的渔船,5节航速为最佳设计工况。     

螺旋桨导管的结构类型与耐蚀性

本文以实船调查为基础,对螺旋桨导管内壁焊缝的侵蚀机理进行了研究,并为提高其抗蚀性能而提出了导管的最佳结构形式——E型结构。     

JDC4—55可调螺距螺旋桨系列

为改善船舶推进和海洋工程建筑物动力定位的性能,作者已经完成了JDC—3叶可调螺距螺旋桨系列及JDC—3叶导管调距桨系列的试验研究,本文将给出一组JDC—4叶可调螺距螺旋桨系列的试验结果。 该组桨的盘面比为0.55,敞水试验结果按初始螺距比、进速系数以及初始螺距比、转角、进速系数二种组合参数进行回归分析。给出了敞水性征曲线及对应的回归多项式。同时,给出了(B_P)~(1/2)—δ图谱供设计使用。     

螺旋桨导管的结构类型与耐蚀性

本文以实船调查为基础，对螺旋桨导管陡壁焊缝的侵蚀机理进行了研究，并为提高其抗蚀性能而提出了导管的最佳结构形式——E型结构。     

导管架圆管风致涡激振动对总体疲劳性能的影响

研究了在建阶段导管架圆管发生风致涡激振动对整体疲劳性能的影响。建立了圆管动力学模型,分析了圆管的动力学特性;固定系数取值0.7模拟实际工程中圆管两端的焊接约束形式,计算了圆管的振动响应;基于线性累积损伤准则和S-N曲线计算了圆管发生风致涡激振动的疲劳损伤度,并根据规范计算出圆管在位阶段的疲劳损伤度,对比总结风致涡激振动对总体疲劳性能的影响以及振动抑制措施对疲劳性能的改善。研究表明,在建阶段导管架圆管发生风致涡激振动会明显地影响圆管的疲劳特性,降低疲劳寿命,因此可以通过绑定绳索、安装防振锤等手段减少结构的疲劳损伤。     

自由吸气螺旋桨导管防蚀装置的试验研究

近几十年来,导管螺旋桨的试验研究取得了巨大的进展。因它显著提高了重负荷桨的推进效率,故在拖船、拖网渔船以及大功率的超大型油船上得到了广泛的应用。从节省能源角度出发,人们对导管桨的应用也更加重视。但在实际使用中,由于导管内壁的严重空泡侵蚀,造成钢板穿孔漏水,大大降低推进效率,为此必须进行修补或更新,这     

船舶螺旋桨尾流场的数值分析

利用基于速度势的低阶面元法计算船舶螺旋桨的尾流场。采用计算较为简捷的关于扰动速度势的基本积分微分方程，并采用双曲面形状的面凶以消除面元间的缝隙。Newton-Raphson迭代过程被用来在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件，使桨叶面上表面的压力在随边有良好的一致性。在计算面元的影响系数时，应用了Morino导出的解析计算公式，加快了数值计算的速度。从解面元法的基本积分方程得到的偶极强度和源汇强度，直接求得尾流场的速度分布。     

Numerical investigation on the hydrodynamic characteristics of a marine propeller operating in oblique inflow

The hydrodynamic characteristics of a marine propeller operating in oblique inflow are investigated by using CFD method. Two propellers with different geometries are selected as the study subjects. RANS simulation is carried out for the propellers working at a wide range of advance coefficients and incidence angles. The effects of axial inflow and lateral inflow are demonstrated with the hydrodynamic force on the propeller under different working conditions. Based on the obtained flow field details, the hydrodynamic mechanism of propeller operating in oblique inflow is analyzed further. The trailing vortex wake of propeller is highly affected by the lateral inflow, resulting in the deflected development path and the circumferentially non-uniform structure, as well as the enhanced axial velocity in slipstream. Different flow patterns are observed on the propeller blade with the variation of circumferential position. Combined with the computed hydrodynamic forces and pressure distribution on propeller, the mechanism resulting in the increase of propulsive loads and the generation of propeller side force is explored. Finally, a systematic analysis is carried out for the propulsive loads and propeller side force as a function of axial and lateral advance coefficients. The major terms that play a dominant role in the modeling of propulsive loads and propeller side force are determined through the sensitivity analysis. This study provides a deeper insight into the hydrodynamic characteristics of propeller operating in oblique inflow, which is useful to the investigation of propeller performance during ship maneuvers.     

Flow-induced vibration analysis of elastic propellers in a cyclic inflow: An experimental and numerical study

In this paper, the flow-induced vibrations of marine propellers in cyclic inflows are investigated both experimentally and numerically. A Laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system is used to measure the axial flow velocity distributions produced by the seven-cycle wake screen in the water tunnel. A customized underwater slip ring and a single axis accelerometer sealed by silicon sealant are employed to measure the acceleration responses of rotating propeller blade. Numerical simulations of pressure fluctuations on the blades are performed using large eddy simulation (LES), while the forced vibrations of the propeller blades are obtained by a combined finite element and boundary element method. Experimental and numerical results are presented for two model propellers with the same geometries and different flexible properties, which show that the propeller blade vibrates at a frequency which is seven times as large as the axial passing frequency (APF) in the seven-cycle inflow. Moreover, the propeller blades are observed to resonance when the 7 APF excitation frequency is equal to the fundamental frequency of the propellers. The results indicate that both the inflow feature and the modal characteristic of blades contribute to flow-induced vibrations of elastic propellers.     

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of A Ducted Propeller Designed by A Fully Automated Optimization Process Under Open Water Condition

A fully automated optimization process is provided for the design of ducted propellers under open water conditions, including 3D geometry modeling, meshing, optimization algorithm and CFD analysis techniques. The developed process allows the direct integration of a RANSE solver in the design stage. A practical ducted propeller design case study is carried out for validation. Numerical simulations and open water tests are fulfilled and proved that the optimum ducted propeller improves hydrodynamic performance as predicted.     

On the hydrodynamic loading of marine cycloidal propeller during maneuvering

In marine cycloidal propeller (MCP), the inflow velocity vector to the propeller blade continuously changes at different blade orbit angle. Earlier marine cycloidal propellers were installed on ships that mainly performed towing operations. Recently marine cycloidal propellers are being installed on large naval vessels, which spend lot of their operating hours in cruising. Therefore, the hydrodynamic loading on the blades both during cruising maneuvers need to be investigated. The flow characteristics around the propeller blade are computed numerically by panel method. Viscous effects on the flow are then estimated by boundary layer technique. The effect of rotating disc on viscous fluid is also investigated. The corrected flow characteristics are then used for estimating the hydrodynamic loading. The operating conditions that are critical for the loading of the blade and the support structure and some aspects of the maneuvering simulation at cruising speed are investigated.     

快速转向推进器推力优化分配研究

随着船舶推进技术的不断发展,动力定位船舶将更多地使用快速转向推进器以提高其定位性能。快速转向推进器的使用将引入大角度变化率,这会造成优化分配求解域明显的非凸性,给优化问题的求解带来了挑战。针对装备快速转向推进器的动力定位船舶,运用区域外切近似法对其推力分配的非凸性问题进行了凸化,采用增广拉格朗日乘子法对控制力进行了优化分配。仿真结果表明:推荐的凸化处理方法能有效地解决推力分配的非凸问题,分配算法可以充分利用快速转向推进器的机械性能优势,寻找更优的可行解,从而显著地减少动力定位船舶的能耗,提高其定位性能。     

Design study for outboard propeller with spoiler

With a large number of recreational craft there is an interest in the development of efficient, high thrust outboard propellers. There has been some success with ‘cupped' propellers with a bent trailing edge. Along the same lines is a simpler idea of attaching a raised bar called an ‘Interceptor' or ‘Spoiler' on the propeller blade trailing edge. For the small diameter propeller, this simplifies the design to adjusting the height of the bar. This paper presents a three-part design study which examines the range of available outboard propellers, the optimum size of outboard propellers, and the capability of predicting the influence of the spoiler on the outboard propeller performance. The results indicate the feasibility of the outboard propeller with spoiler.     

Study on the axial exciting force characteristics of marine propellers considered the effect of the shaft and blade elasticity

Marine propellers usually operate in a spatially nonuniform wake and then the propeller exciting forces are produced. These exciting forces will cause serious hull vibration and noise radiation. So, there are many researches on the exciting forces of propellers. However, the effects of the shaft and blade elasticity are ignored in most studies. Therefore, firstly, considered the effects of the shaft and blade elasticity, a fluid–structure interaction dynamic model of the fluid-propeller-shaft system is established by coupled BEM and FEM. Then, based on this model, the characteristics of axial exciting force and theirs transmission mechanism to the hull via the shaft are studied. The research results show that first, there are two kinds of vibration modes for blade bending vibration: global mode and local mode. The elastic coupling effect between the blade and the shafting only affects the global mode, but hardly affects the local mode of the blade. Secondly, during the transmission of axial exciting force to the hull through the blades and shafting, only the global mode of the blades can amplify it, while the local mode cannot. These studies could provide a guideline for the optimal design of the propeller-shaft system to make the exciting force transmitted to the ship hull via the shafting be the smallest.     

Analysis of wake behind a rotating propeller using PIV technique in a cavitation tunnel

A two-frame particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique is used to investigate the wake characteristics behind a marine propeller with 4 blades at high Reynolds number. For each of 9 different blade phases from 0° to 80°, 150 instantaneous velocity fields are measured. They are ensemble averaged to study the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the region ranging from the trailing edge to one propeller diameter (D) downstream location. The phase-averaged mean velocity shows that the trailing vorticity is related to radial velocity jump, and the viscous wake is affected by boundary layers developed on the blade surfaces and centrifugal force. Both Galilean decomposition method and vortex identification method using swirling strength calculation are very useful for the study of vortex behaviors in the propeller wake region. The slipstream contraction occurs in the near-wake region up to about X/D=0.53 downstream. Thereafter, unstable oscillation occurs because of the reduction of interaction between the tip vortex and the wake sheet behind the maximum contraction point.