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针对现有拖曳式海洋磁力测量通常只能获取地磁总场信息,不能获得地磁矢量信息的问题,提出了一种拖曳式海洋地磁三分量测量系统设计方案。测量系统通过INS/GNSS组合导航进行定位定姿,搭载的三分量磁力仪与惯导通过高精度定位板刚性固定,经过数学平台的坐标变换,进而将拖体任意姿态下的海洋地磁场三分量数据归算到地理坐标系下。此外,对拖体进行了水动力分析,提高姿态稳定性的同时减小了阻力。经过海上试验和数据处理,系统获得的三分量数据在平差前的重复线内符合精度分别为东向6.8 nT、北向4.1 nT、地向8.0 nT,交叉点内符合精度分别为东向19.1 nT、北向19.5 nT、地向15.4 nT。结果表明该系统可为海洋矢量磁力测量提供良好的测量平台,为后续的海洋磁力测量提供实践经验和工程参考。 相似文献
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为了能够快速准确的测量海底表层沉积物的声学参数,避免取样测量产生测量误差,研制出一种海底底质声学原位测量系统。为了检验原位测量系统的工作性能,在胶州湾海域进行了初步的测量实验分析。通过对测量结果的分析研究,验证了原位测量系统的一些工作性能,同时发现了一些需要改进的问题。 相似文献
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水下机器人作为一类特种机器人,日益成为探索海洋奥秘、开发海洋资源的重要工具,被称为海洋高技术的皇冠,正逐步成为国家间海洋技术竞争的制高点。水下机器人标准体系最直接的作用是指导、规范水下机器人标准制定工作,使人们清楚水下机器人标准化工作方向和重点,有助于推动水下机器人研发和产业化进程,促进快速、健康发展。文章在介绍国内外水下机器人标准制订的基础上,探讨水下机器人标准体系框架构建思路,提出标准体系建设路径,明确水下机器人标准化工作范围和领域,并构建了水下机器人标准体系序列结构、三维结构、层次结构3种框架模型,为构建我国水下机器人标准体系提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
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本文针对当前及未来多型水下航行体的通用化水下高精度定位跟踪及综合测控要求,开展小型便携式水下声源系统研究,解决了不同水下航行体定位跟踪及水声遥测与遥控的综合测控集成化问题,以及小型水下航行体的通用化声源安装适配性等难题。采用集成化一体式综合设计方案,功能上兼顾水声定位跟踪、水声遥测遥控等功能,性能上其短基线水声定位精度可达R×5‰(R为斜距),远程水声遥测遥控误码率为10-5。本文在系统总体方案中平衡了小尺寸与高性能之间的传统矛盾,大幅缩减声源尺寸和重量,并完成了小型水下滑翔机湖上试验。试验结果证明,该声源系统在比国外类似产品更小尺寸和重量的基础上,同时具备水声定位跟踪和水声遥测遥控等综合测控功能,可为多型水下航行体湖海试验提供高精度实时定位测量及远程应急遥控手段,具有较高的实用价值和良好的市场应用前景。 相似文献
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A three-dimensional model of a two-part underwater towed system is studied. In the model, the governing equations of cables are established based on the Ablow and Schechter method. The boundary conditions for the two-part underwater towed system are derived. The six-degrees-of-freedom equations of motion for submarine simulations are adopted to predict the hydrodynamic performance of a towed vehicle. The established governing equations for the system are then solved using a central finite difference method. In this paper several algorithms are used to solve this special form of finite difference equations. The results in this paper indicate that the two-part underwater towed system improves the dynamic behavior of the towed vehicle and is an easy way to decouple the towing ship motion from the towed vehicle. Because the model uses an implicit time integration, it is stable for large time steps and is an effective algorithm for simulation of a large-scale underwater towed system. 相似文献
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水声通信和测距能力是实现水下航行器准确定位的重要技术手段。当前基于水声定位的方法主要有利用测距和测向功能的水声定位技术以及水声测距辅助导航技术,二者的系统物理复杂度都比较高。本文提出了一种基于单水声信标距离量测的匹配定位方法,航行器在水声信标测距覆盖范围内,利用航行过程中多次测距信息构建测距圆序列形成位置约束,基于航位推算导航信息,将航行器在连续测距时间段内的相对航迹在圆序列上进行最优匹配,从而获得位置估计,通过对测距误差进行补偿可进一步提升定位精度。本方法所需物理系统结构复杂度低、可操作性强,仿真实验表明,该方法可以独立实现较高精度的定位。 相似文献
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《中国海洋工程》2015,(6)
To achieve accurate positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles, an appropriate underwater terrain database storage format for underwater terrain-matching positioning is established using multi-beam data as underwater terrainmatching data. An underwater terrain interpolation error compensation method based on fractional Brownian motion is proposed for defects of normal terrain interpolation, and an underwater terrain-matching positioning method based on least squares estimation(LSE) is proposed for correlation analysis of topographic features. The Fisher method is introduced as a secondary criterion for pseudo localization appearing in a topographic features flat area, effectively reducing the impact of pseudo positioning points on matching accuracy and improving the positioning accuracy of terrain flat areas. Simulation experiments based on electronic chart and multi-beam sea trial data show that drift errors of an inertial navigation system can be corrected effectively using the proposed method. The positioning accuracy and practicality are high, satisfying the requirement of underwater accurate positioning. 相似文献
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To achieve accurate positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles, an appropriate underwater terrain database storage format for underwater terrain-matching positioning is established using multi-beam data as underwater terrain-matching data. An underwater terrain interpolation error compensation method based on fractional Brownian motion is proposed for defects of normal terrain interpolation, and an underwater terrain-matching positioning method based on least squares estimation (LSE) is proposed for correlation analysis of topographic features. The Fisher method is introduced as a secondary criterion for pseudo localization appearing in a topographic features flat area, effectively reducing the impact of pseudo positioning points on matching accuracy and improving the positioning accuracy of terrain flat areas. Simulation experiments based on electronic chart and multi-beam sea trial data show that drift errors of an inertial navigation system can be corrected effectively using the proposed method. The positioning accuracy and practicality are high, satisfying the requirement of underwater accurate positioning. 相似文献
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水下滑翔机是一种浮力驱动的无人水下自治观探测平台, 具有持续性、鲁棒性、自主性等特点, 是构建海洋观测技术体系重要的水下航行器之一。文章从水下滑翔机发展历程、运行方式和专用传感器展开, 基于国内外海洋学文献综述研究, 重点对水下滑翔机在典型海洋现象观测应用方面进行总结。水下滑翔机的运行稳定性、长时续, 观测高分辨率、低成本的特点, 满足了对海洋中尺度涡、内波、湍流、环流/边界流和锋面的长时间、精细化立体观测要求; 鲁棒性、自主性的特点使其能够适应台风过境、地震、原油泄漏前后等紧急恶劣海洋状况的监测; 运行平稳、低噪声的特点使其成为声学监测与探测的良好平台。对比分析国内外的水下滑翔机(组网)应用状况可以发现, 国内水下滑翔机在传感器、数据处理和组网技术方面都需要进一步完善。最后总结并展望了国内外水下滑翔机面向海洋现象观测的应用。 相似文献