共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 562 毫秒
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研究计入弹性变形铰接塔平台在深水中的非线性动力响应。将铰接塔平台简化为顶部具有集中质量,底部具有扭转线性弹簧约束的均匀弹性梁,考虑波浪对平台的作用,应用莫里森(Morison)公式计算铰接塔平台瞬时位置所受水动力,建立了铰接塔平台横向运动的偏微分方程,采用伽辽金方法计算波浪作用下铰接塔平台非线性动力响应。计算了铰接塔平台的固有频率和模态,得到了铰接塔平台不同频率波浪激励下各阶模态的动力响应。计算结果表明,在波浪激励下系统二阶模态将发生2、34、倍超谐共振运动,并且揭示了弹性铰接塔平台在波浪作用下振动的不对称性。 相似文献
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研究了深水铰接塔平台在波流联合作用下的组合共振特性。将平台顶部工作单元简化为集中质量,塔柱和浮力仓简化为均匀直杆,建立了铰接塔平台运动分析模型。考虑海流和波浪对平台的作用,应用Morison公式计算铰接塔平台瞬时位置所受水动力,依据拉格朗日原理建立了铰接塔平台的强非线性运动方程。分别考虑波浪作用和波流联合作用,采用数值计算方法,计算了高400m、塔柱直径15m的浮力塔平台的多种组合共振响应。研究表明,波浪作用下平台将出现2vm+vn组合共振,波流联合作用下平台将出现vm+vn组合共振、2vm+vn组合共振。 相似文献
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深海浮式平台与其系泊系统的耦合作用显著,在数值分析中,需要合理确定二者耦合边界的模拟方法。本文以深水半潜式钻井平台及其系泊系统为研究对象,将浮体与系泊之间复杂的连接边界简化为固接、铰接和弹簧连接三种边界约束模型,提出了弹簧连接中相关参数的确定方法,并将不同边界约束下系缆张力的计算结果与模型试验数据进行对比验证。通过算例分析,探讨不同边界约束对平台运动、系缆张力及其疲劳损伤的影响,给出设计分析的选择建议。 相似文献
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动力定位钻井平台已逐步被广泛应用于深水和超深水油气资源的勘探开发。由于面临复杂的海洋环境和作业环境,钻井平台可能会出现动力定位失效移位的紧急情况。文章在分析井口作业指南发展历史的基础上,基于国际上对井口作业指南的要求,研究钻井平台动力定位失效移位模式并对其进行分析,建立钻井平台井口作业指南红色界限值的计算方法,并自主开发相应计算软件;该软件可对钻井平台红色界限值、黄色界限值和警告界限值进行全面计算,完善井口作业指南,保证深水动力定位钻井平台的作业安全。 相似文献
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随着海洋油气资源开发逐渐走向深海,浮式结构物的定位能力越来越受到人们的重视。锚的泊辅助动力定位系统是将锚泊定位和动力定位相结合的一种新型海上定位系统。它具有安全性高、定位能力强、消耗功率小的特点。本文以某深水半潜式钻井平台为例,通过建立锚泊辅助动力定位时域模拟程序,分析平台在工作海况下的定位精度和功率消耗,并与相应海况下的动力定位进行比较。分析结果表明,该时域模拟程序能较为准确的地反映实际平台的定位情况。与动力定位相比,锚泊辅助动力定位能够取得更好的定位精度和较小的功率消耗,是更理想的定位方式。 相似文献
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荧光法测定微型生物细胞内的ATP的技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ATP是生物体内的重要化合物,可用于估算微型生物的生物量,因此它在生态系统食物链和能量流动研究中具有重要意义。根据ATP与荧光素反应产生荧光的原理,可对微型生物细胞内的ATP进行测定。荧光法测定微型生物细胞内ATP灵敏度高、操作简便快捷。本文从样品处理、ATP提取、ATP测定、干扰因素及应用等几个方面介绍了荧光法测定微生物细胞内ATP的技术,评述了这些技术的优缺点和适用范围,总结了ATP提取和测定时可能存在的干扰因素及其采取的相应对策。 相似文献
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正压冲固平台是一种采用短桩加固基础的新型海洋采油平台,对于这种新型的平台结构,在结构分析和构件强度校核中必须考虑其有限元模型的基础边界条件处理问题。本文提出了正压冲固平台有限元计算模型中基础边界条件的一种简化方法,将两个水平方向的扭转自由度简化为扭转弹簧边界元,其余自由度简化为固定约束。通过计算分析得到了不同的边界约束刚度系数的取值对平台总体位移和强度校核应力的影响及变化趋势。结论是,平台结构对约束刚度系数K的反应在10^4~10^4之间时比较明显,对K的敏感度最为强烈:在此范围之外,平台反应分别接近于简支约束情况和刚性约束情况。尤其对于接近约束边界的单元,其应力变化最敏感。 相似文献
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The 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) model with a high degree of complexity for capturing ship dynamics is generally able to track the nonlinear and coupling dynamics of ships. However, the 6 DOF model makes challenges in estimating model coefficients and designing the model-based control. Therefore, simplified ship dynamic models within allowed accuracy are essential. This paper simplified the 6 DOF nonlinear dynamic model of ships into two decoupled models including the speed model and the steering model through reasonable assumptions. Those models were tested through maneuvering simulations of a container ship with a 4 DOF dynamic model. Support vector machines (SVM) optimized by the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) was used to identify parameters of speed and steering models by analyzing the rudder angle, propeller shaft speed, surge and sway velocities, and yaw rate from simulated data extracted from a series of maneuvers made by the container ship. Comparisons with the first order linear and nonlinear Nomoto models show that the simplified nonlinear steering model can capture more complicated dynamics and performs better. Additionally, comparisons among three different parameter identification methods demonstrate similar identification results but the different performance involving the applicability and effectiveness. SVM optimized by ABC is relatively convenient and effective for parameter identification of ship simplified dynamic models. 相似文献
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Concentrations of microbial ATP in 15 New Zealand lakes were determined using 2 extraction techniques. ATP was found in both the paniculate (>0.45 μm) and dissolved (<0.45 μm) fractions of the water samples. Higher concentrations of paniculate ATP were obtained when ATP was extracted directly from freshwater samples rather than following pre‐concentration on to membrane filters. Recovery of particulate ATP declined with increasing volumes of sample filtered. The magnitude of the filtration effect varied unpredictably between lakes and within lakes with time. Corrections for the presence of dissolved ATP were necessary before estimates of particulate ATP could be made by the direct extraction technique. Concentrations of dissolved ATP up to 1.2 μg L‐1 were observed. The direct extraction technique is recommended for more accurate determination of particulate ATP in New Zealand freshwaters. 相似文献
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A 3-D time-domain numerical coupled model is developed to obtain an efficient method for nonlinear waves acting on a box-shaped ship fixed in a harbor. The domain is divided into the inner domain and the outer domain. The inner domain is the area beneath the ship and the flow is described by the simplified Euler equations. The remaining area is the outer domain and the flow is defined by the higher-order Boussinesq equations in order to consider the nonlinearity of the wave motions. Along the interface boundaries between the inner domain and the outer domain, the volume flux is assumed to be continuous and the wave pressures are equal. Relevant physical experiment is conducted to validate the present model and it is shown that the numerical results agree with the experimental data. Compared the coupled model with the flow in the inner domain governed by the Laplace equation, the present coupled model is more efficient and its solution procedure is simpler, which is particularly useful for the study on the effect of the nonlinear waves acting on a fixed box-shaped ship in a large harbor. 相似文献
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环境因子对贝类累积溶解态重金属的影响 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
对溶解态重金属的吸收是贝类累积重金属的重要来源之一,易受到生物因素和非生物因素的影响。综述溶解氧、温度、空气预暴露、化学物质预暴露等环境因子,诱导的机体代谢过程的改变,对溶解态重金属的累积和转运过程的影响。强调了贝类对溶解态重金属的转运除了被动转运之外,还涉及到需要ATP供能的主动转运过程。 相似文献
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Harmful Algal Blooms caused by the marine ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides are responsible for mass mortalities of wild and farmed fish worldwide. In this research, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of aqueous extract of C. polykrikoides on isolated Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver hepatocytes. Algal extract exposure with isolated trout hepatocytes caused hepatocyte membrane lysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, glutathione depletion, lysosomal membrane rupture, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP depletion and increase in ADP/ATP ratio, cytochrome C release into the hepatocyte cytosol, and activation of caspases cascade. Anti-oxidants, free radical scavengers, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore sealing agents, microsomal oxidases inhibitors, ATP generators and lysosomotropic agents protected fish hepatocytes against C. polykrikoides. Fish hepatocyte toxicity was also associated with mitochondrial and lysosomal membrane injury. These events caused cytochrome C release from the mitochondrial intra-membrane space into cytosol. The cytochrome C release could trigger activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. 相似文献