榆林市农业景观格局变化研究

根据1986年和2000年两期TM影像资料和其他辅助资料, 运用人机交互解译方法以及地理信息系统的空间分析和数理统计功能, 分析了榆林市农业景观格局变化, 包括土地利用数量变化、变化速度和区域差异等特征, 以及各景观类型之间的转化情况, 并对景观格局变化进行了定量分析。结果表明: 14a间, 榆林市未利用地减少1305.56km², 其中主要是沙地减少; 耕地、林地、草地分别增加567.11km²、99.6km²和616.79km²; 未利用地和建设用地的变化率最大, 分别为-22.11%和18.18%; 土地利用变化存在明显的区域差异; 各类型间的转化突出表现为未利用地向草地转化, 草地向林地和耕地转化。榆林市近十几年景观类型发生了明显转换, 土地整治取得显著成绩。     

基于遥感与GIS的乌审旗土地利用变化研究

在遥感与GIS技术支持下,以乌审旗1986-2005年5期TM影像为主要数据源,运用土地利用动态度和土地利用转移矩阵对土地利用的数量变化进行了研究.运用定量与定性相结合的景观空间格局分析方法,对土地利用景观格局特征的动态变化进行了分析,并利用社会经济数据对土地利用变化的人为驱动力进行了分析.研究表明:(1)20年间各土地利用类型经历着"涨势"与"落势"的波动.从各土地利用类型的转化方向来看.林地、草地和沙地相互转换频繁;耕地主要转变为林地、草地和沙地;水域主要向其他未利用地转换,其他未利用地主要向草地和沙地转换,工矿用地没有转出.从2005年各土地利用类型的转化来源看,耕地主要是由林地、沙地和草地转变而来;林地主要由沙地和草地转变而来;草地主要是由沙地和林地转变而来;水域主要是由沙地和耕地转变而来;居民地主要是由沙地、草地和林地转变而来;其他未利用地主要是由草地、水域和林地转变而来.(2)土地利用景观格局演变特征表现为:除居民点外各类景观斑块形状指数都呈增加趋势;除水域外,各类景观斑块密度下降、分离度减少;全旗景观优势度下降、多样性升高.(3)人为因素中的人口增长、经济发展以及生态工程的实施对土地利用变化起重要作用.     

中缅泰老“黄金四角”地区缅甸段土地利用与景观格局变化分析北大核心CSSCI

以中缅泰老"黄金四角"地区缅甸段为例,通过构建土地利用重心测度、动态变化及景观指数等模型,对其1993年~2017年的土地利用与景观格局变化状况进行探究,得出以下结论:(1)随时间演进,研究区林地显著扩展而草地、耕地、灌丛及水体等均大幅减少,建筑用地虽扩展显著但比重始终较小;各土地利用类型的空间分布重心及其转移变化差异显著,24年间,建筑用地、耕地、草地、水体及湿地重心均整体向东北方向偏移而林地与灌丛重心偏向西南。(2)研究区土地利用变化速度整体较快但小幅放缓,土地利用空间变化剧烈的区域主要集中在林地、草地及耕地等用地类型上;随时间演进,各用地类型均发生了较明显的相互转化,其中以林地、草地、耕地及灌丛的间转化最为显著。(3)从斑块类型尺度来看,研究区不同用地斑块间的景观指数及其变动差异悬殊,整体而言,灌丛、草地及耕地的斑块密度明显较高但形状规整程度显著较低,而林地的平均斑块面积远大于其余地类。(4)从景观总体尺度来看,研究区景观的多样性与均匀度指数均持续降低而破碎度指数整体减小,各用地景观面积差异持续扩大且空间分布的均匀程度不断降低,整体呈由分散分布向集中布局的转变。     

中缅泰老“黄金四角”地区缅甸段土地利用与景观格局变化分析

以中缅泰老"黄金四角"地区缅甸段为例,通过构建土地利用重心测度、动态变化及景观指数等模型,对其1993年~2017年的土地利用与景观格局变化状况进行探究,得出以下结论:(1)随时间演进,研究区林地显著扩展而草地、耕地、灌丛及水体等均大幅减少,建筑用地虽扩展显著但比重始终较小;各土地利用类型的空间分布重心及其转移变化差异显著,24年间,建筑用地、耕地、草地、水体及湿地重心均整体向东北方向偏移而林地与灌丛重心偏向西南。(2)研究区土地利用变化速度整体较快但小幅放缓,土地利用空间变化剧烈的区域主要集中在林地、草地及耕地等用地类型上;随时间演进,各用地类型均发生了较明显的相互转化,其中以林地、草地、耕地及灌丛的间转化最为显著。(3)从斑块类型尺度来看,研究区不同用地斑块间的景观指数及其变动差异悬殊,整体而言,灌丛、草地及耕地的斑块密度明显较高但形状规整程度显著较低,而林地的平均斑块面积远大于其余地类。(4)从景观总体尺度来看,研究区景观的多样性与均匀度指数均持续降低而破碎度指数整体减小,各用地景观面积差异持续扩大且空间分布的均匀程度不断降低,整体呈由分散分布向集中布局的转变。     

近15年来民勤湖区土地利用/覆盖动态与格局

以1991年、1998年和2005年三期TM数据和其它辅助数据为基础,将遥感、GIS技术与景观格局分析方法相结合,在计算了土地利用程度综合指数、单一和双向动态变化以及面积、分维数、多样性、破碎度、优势度等景观指标的基础上,对近15年来民勤湖区的土地利用/覆盖变化进行了分析.结果表明,15年间各土地利用类型面积都有不同程度的增减,以耕地、荒漠草地和未利用土地的面积变化最为显著,其中耕地面积增长了9 385.47 hm<'2>,未利用土地面积减少8 616.87hm<'2>,荒漠草地面积减少949.49 hm<'2>;各土地利用类型之间的动态转化比较复杂,其中以沙地、林地和草地的空间变动程度较大;湖区整体景观异质性降低,多样性下降,优势度上升,15年来景观格局发生了较大变化;从宏观上看,荒漠进一步向绿洲逼近,绿洲有向西南方向后退的趋势.     

基于斑块层次的土地利用变化对土地质量影响的初步分析——以河北省张北县为例

利用SPOT2/4、SPOT5 等遥感数据源, 以人工目视解译为主, 分析了1999 年到2003 年河 北省张北县土地利用( 耕地) 变化情况; 运用GIS 和统计分析的方法, 初步分析林草地转变为耕 地、耕地转变为林草地和未变化耕地斑块等的土地退化特征。从1999 年到2003 年, 张北县耕地 减少20229.5ha, 耕地的主要流向为林草地, 其中又以旱地转化为人工草地为主, 2003 年新增耕 地的主要来源为牧草地。除耕地转为疏林地外, 耕地转为林草地的其余类型未退化斑块的面积较 大; 林草地转化为耕地的情况比较复杂: 林地转化为旱地、牧草地转化为水浇地的斑块发生了比 较明显的土地退化; 而牧草地转化为旱地、其它土地转化为旱地、牧草地转化为菜地斑块中退化 斑块数和面积比例都不大。和未变化耕地斑块的退化特征比较, 旱地转化为牧草地, 退化斑块与 未退化斑块数量比例比较接近, 但未退化斑块面积比例远远高于未变化耕地斑块; 而牧草地转为 旱地的退化与未退化斑块数量和面积比例没有明显差别。旱地转化为林地的未退化斑块数量和 面积比例要大于林地转化为旱地的斑块。说明旱地向林草地转化有助于提高区域土地质量。     

2000—2020年南非海岸带土地开发利用强度时空变化研究

以南非海岸带为研究区域，利用2000、2010和2020年3期TM、OLI遥感影像提取6类土地利用类型数据，基于土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用类型动态度及土地利用开发强度模型，分析了南非海岸带2000—2020年土地开发利用的结构、程度以及时空变化特征。结果表明（：1）研究期间南非海岸带土地利用类型变化方式主要以草地萎缩和林地扩张为主，其次是未利用地和建设用地扩张，最后是耕地和水体萎缩（；2）土地利用变化过程中，草地与林地相互转化、耕地与草地之间的相互转化是土地变化的主要类型；（3）南非海岸带土地利用开发强度呈现空间聚集状态，形成了以开普敦、伊丽莎白港、东伦敦和德班等为中心的高聚集地区。20年间，南非海岸带土地的开发利用强度整体变化不明显，但2010—2020年以来强度呈现下降的趋势。     

阴山中段山地土地利用类型转换格局分析

利用1990年TM数据和2000年ETM数据,以农牧交错带的阴山山地中段为研究区,分析1990～2000年土地利用类型的空间分异规律,重点探讨各土地利用类型中耕地、林地和草地的变化过程。研究表明,耕地的转移流向主要集中于草地,而草地的转移流向又集中于耕地,林地消失区主要转变为草地。阴山北麓为草地向耕地转变的集中区域;阴山南部是林地向草地转变最为集中的区域;阴山中部土地利用类型相互转化相对较少。在土地利用的垂向变化上,耕地减少区域集中分布于海拔1500～1600m及1700～1850m;而其他土地利用类型向耕地转变的集中分布区域大致在海拔1700～1900m范围;海拔1600-1800m为草地-耕地相互转移变化最为集中的区域;草地面积主要在海拔1450-1600m范围增加,在1650-1800m范围内减少;林地除在海拔2000～2200m范围内与非林地相互转变大致持平外,在其余地区均发生退化。海拔1800m和海拔2100左右是本农牧交错带山地土地利用类型波动最为集中的两个分布区。     

云南纵向岭谷区土地利用的侵蚀环境效应——以黑惠江、龙川江、盘龙河流域为例

土地利用直接改变土壤侵蚀的方式和强度,具有突出的侵蚀环境效应.以黑惠江、龙川江、盘龙河流域为例,探讨了云南纵向岭谷区土壤侵蚀对土地利用的响应关系.研究表明,本区土地利用类型的内部转化和相互转化引起土壤侵蚀程度的明显变化;耕地向林地、草地的转化使侵蚀强度指数显著降低;林地向耕地、草地转化,均显著增加侵蚀强度指数;耕地、林地、草地的内部转化对土壤侵蚀也有少量影响.另外,以土地利用为主的人类活动明显影响河流悬移质含量,林地面积提高和土壤侵蚀减弱的区域,年输沙量也相应减少,相反则增加.     

大理市土地利用变化及其驱动力分析

利用大理市1995年和2000年两期TM影像解译土地利用数据,在GIS分析工具支持下,对土地利用变化和驱动因素进行分析,得出以下结论：（1）1995年到2000年这5年期间,土地利用变化总体呈现出林地和草地减少、耕地和建筑用地增加的趋势,水域面积变化不明显;（2）土地利用年变化率为0．5％,其中以建设用地面积的年变化率最大为5．84％,耕地和林地的年变化率分别为1．85％和-1．41％,而草地和水域年变化率较小,分别为-0．7％和0．01％;（3）土地利用类型转化主要呈现出林地和草地转化为耕地,耕地和草地转化为建筑用地,林地和草地相互转化的特点;（4）土地利用结构变化不明显,总体上表现出林地占优势,耕地、草地、水域相当的结构特征;（5）自然条件对土地利用结构具有重要的控制作用,而人口增长,政府行为决策和经济的发展直接影响土地利用的变化。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,