Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps,Results of NRP 20. Edited by O. A. Pfiffner,P. Lehner,P Heitzmann,St. Müller and A. Steck,Birkhauser Verlag,Basel 1997, 380pp.

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica -     

Comment on the paper “The Relationship between Multifractal and Entropy Properties of Seismic Noise in Kamchatka and Irregularity of the Earth’s Rotation” by A.A. Lyubushin,G.N. Kopylova,and Yu.K. Serafimova

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—In my comment on the paper by A.A. Lyubushin, G.N. Kopylova, and Yu.K. Serafimova, I focus on the problem of legitimacy of seismological data...     

Influence of geomagnetic storms of September 26–30, 2011, on the ionosphere and HF radiowave propagation. II. radiowave propagation

A study of HF wave propagation in the three-dimensional inhomogeneous ionosphere has been carried out in an approximation of geometrical optics. The three-dimensional medium of radio wave propagation is considered to be inhomogeneous, absorbing, and anisotropic due to the influence of the geomagnetic field. The parameters of the medium are described by the results of calculations on the basis of the Global Self-Consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere (GSM TIP). The propagation of radio waves in the equatorial, middle-, and high-latitude ionosphere was studied. Comparisons of the ray trajectories, integral attenuation, deviations of the projection of radio wave trajectories onto the Earth’s surface from the great-circle arc, and the behavior of the angle between the wave phase and wave energy directions, as well as the angle between the direction of propagation and the external magnetic field obtained for quiet and disturbed conditions, have been performed. We consider a geomagnetic storm that occurred in 2011, with the main storm phase occurring on September 26, and the day after geomagnetic disturbances, September 29, as disturbed conditions in the ionosphere.     

Reply to the Comment by V.A. Saltykov on the Paper “The Relationship between Multifractal and Entropy Properties of Seismic Noise in Kamchatka and Irregularity of the Earth’s Rotation” by A.A. Lyubushin,G.N. Kopylova,and Yu.K. Serafimova

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth -     

Reconstruction of the Earth’s surface temperature based on data of deep boreholes,global warming in the last millennium,and long-term solar cyclicity. Part 1. Experimental data

The most reliable pattern of climate changes is obtained using data of instrumental observations at the network of meteorological stations. However, the series of such data have short timescales (about 150 years). Indirect data from natural archives make it possible to judge specific features of climate changes in the more distant past. In contrast to indirect methods, when data are related to temperature through statistical correlations with air temperature, the borehole geothermal method makes it possible to directly determine the surface air temperature. The reconstructions of the temperature obtained using different indirect data for the Northern Hemisphere have been compared with the surface air temperature reconstructions based on the data of borehole thermometry and solar activity variations, and the possibilities of using the method in order to reconstruct long-term trends in climate changes have been indicated.     

Book Reviews : Earthquake Prediction - State of the Art. Edited by Max Wyss and Renata Dmowska. Pageoph Topical Volumes,reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics, 149(1997), No. 1, 264 pages. Birkhäuser Verlag,Basel-Boston-Berlin 1997

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica -     

The space-time relationships between volcanic associations of different alkalinities: The Belogolovskii massif in Kamchatka’s Sredinnyi Range. Part 1. The geology,mineralogy, and petrology of volcanic rocks

We proposed a geological and petrologic model for the generation of the Belogolovskii Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene volcanic massif. We identified two petrochemical series of rocks with varying alkalinities, viz., normal and moderate. The evolution of volcanic products and the mineralogic composition of rocks of varying alkalinities provide evidence that the sources of parent magmas are spatially independent and reside at different depths. Crystallization differentiation is the leading process that is responsible for the generation of the initial melts that give rise to the range of rocks within a series. The evolution of the alkaline basaltic magma occurred stepwise, producing autonomous daughter melts with the following compositions: trachybasalt-trachyandesite-trachyte-trachyrhyolite and comendite. These melts were localized in inter-mediate magma chambers at different depths.     

Filtration of Pc1 wave packets in the ionosphere. Conjugated experiment GEOS-1 — husafell and results of numerical modelling

Summary The spectral analysis of an hourly section of a synchronized conjugated record of an ULF signal made on the GEOS-1 satellite and the Husafell Observatory (Iceland) on July 13, 1977, has been carried out. The time variations of the spectral frequency-amplitude characteristics of the Pc1 wave packet in the neighbourhood of f 0.5 s^–1 at both measurement sites were examined. The transmissibility of the amplitude of the total magnetic component of the wave through the ionosphere towards the Earth's surface, found in the frequency range of the packets, varies from 0.03 to 0.07. Moreover, its time behaviour with the development of the micropulsation disturbance was studied. The frequency shift of the packet spectrum centre towards higher frequencies 0.04 s^–1) was determined at the Earth's surface as compared with the satellite conditions. Experimental results served to test the developed automated methods of numerical modelling of ionospheric filtration in the ULF range of Pc1 micropulsations. Good agreement between the experimental and numerical results of the two constructed limiting models of the daytime ionosphere at higher latitudes (low and high solar activity) was achieved. The values of the transmissibility calculated for the Pc1 packet frequencies vary from 0.075 to 0.3 and from 0.025 to 0.06.