码头现浇胸墙混凝土结构有害裂缝的防治

结合烟台港三突堤集装箱码头工程现浇混凝土胸墙施工,分析论述了无害裂缝与有害裂缝的区分,以及裂缝缺陷的成因和影响,提出了控制要点和防治措施,在施工中应用后取得了预期效果。     

斜坡堤典型胸墙波浪力的影响因素

为探求斜坡堤典型胸墙迎浪面所受波浪力大小的影响因素,设计前仰式、深弧式、后仰式和直立式4种结构型式胸墙进行相关的物理模型试验。通过在典型胸墙迎浪面间隔布置压力测点,获取所受波浪压力,并将其进行积分求和,得到胸墙所受波浪力,进而讨论相对波高、相对波长、斜坡坡度和胸墙结构型式对波浪力的影响。结果表明,相对波高与相对波长对胸墙所受波浪力影响显著;波浪力随着相对波高的增大而增大,随着相对波长的增大呈现先增大、后减小、再增大的变化趋势;波浪力随着斜坡坡度的增大而减小。斜坡堤弧形胸墙所受波浪力明显大于直立式胸墙所受波浪力;在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,前仰式胸墙受力较其余两种型式胸墙受力小。研究结果将加深波浪对斜坡堤胸墙作用力的理解,为后续工程设计提供理论指导。     

斜坡堤典型胸墙波浪力影响因素的试验与分析

为探求斜坡堤典型胸墙迎浪面所受波浪力大小的影响因素,设计前仰式、深弧式、后仰式和直立式四种结构型式胸墙进行相关的物理模型试验。通过在典型胸墙迎浪面间隔布置压力测点获取所受波浪压力,并将其进行积分求和得到胸墙所受波浪力,进而讨论相对波高(H/d)、相对波长(L/d)、斜坡坡度和胸墙结构型式对波浪力的影响。试验结果表明：相对波高与相对波长对胸墙所受波浪力影响显著。波浪力随着相对波高的增大而增大,随着相对波长的增大呈现先增大—后减小—再增大的变化趋势。波浪力随着斜坡坡度的增大而减小。斜坡堤弧形胸墙所受波浪力明显大于直立式胸墙所受波浪力;在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,前仰式胸墙受力较其余两种型式胸墙受力小。研究结果将加深波浪对斜坡堤胸墙作用力的理解,为后续工程设计提供理论指导。     

浅析海洋污染对公众健康的影响及防治措施

海洋与人类关系密切.面对当前严重的海洋污染问题,文章主要探讨了海洋污染对公众健康的影响.并提出预防措施.     

菲律宾蛤仔壳体和湿重生长率及影响因素浅析

选取3组不同年龄段菲律宾蛤仔进行了为期1 a的养殖观测试验,定期观测贝壳的宽度、高度、厚度和湿重,构建了菲律宾壳体生长曲线.研究发现,菲律宾蛤仔壳体生长率曲线在5月中旬和10月底出现峰值,即春季和秋季快速生长期;个体湿重生长率也出现春、秋快速生长期,其峰值长于或滞后于贝壳生长率的峰值;菲律宾蛤仔壳体和湿重的生长与环境温度、贝壳年龄、繁殖活动和饵料供应密切相关,春-夏季(水温17～22 ℃)为壳体在研究海域生长的最适宜季节.     

Determination of Partial Factors of Breast Wall on Top of Sloping Breakwater

- By applying the theory of structural reliability, reliability analyses for the stability of a breast wall on the top of a sloping breakwater are carried out. Based on the analyses, the method for determining partial action / load factors and partial resistance factors of breast walls is expounded, and the design expressions with partial factors are given. The values of partial action / load factors and partial resistance factors are recommended preliminarily according to the computation for breast walls with typical cross-sections.     

Calculating Method and Verification of Wave Pressure Distribution on the Breast Wall of Mound Breakwater

In this paper, the calculating charts and formulae about wave pressure on the breast wall are derived with seven parameters on the basis of physical model study. The verification shows that the charts agree with the example, and are adopted in the Specifications of Fishery Harbours Breakwater by the Ministry of Agricultures.     

Wave Pressure Distribution over the Breast Wall of Mound Breakwater of Small Ports

In this paper, the mechanism of the interaction between the breast wall of mound breakwater and waves is expounded, then some new views and the law of variation of horizontal and vertical wave pressure over the breast wall are put forward. The results of this study have been adopted in the Specifications of Fishery Harbour Breakwater by the Ministry of Agricultures.     

用于海洋环境科学的一种新方法--影响因子分析法

用影响因子法对象山港海域叶绿素a与海水理化因子之间关系分析,结果表明：水温、溶解氧(DO)、气温、盐度、化学耗氧量(COD)因子为叶绿素a浓度变化的重要有效影响因子,其中水温、溶解氧因子占主导地位。由于该海域的富营养化,N、P和Si营养盐已经不再是影响浮游植物生长的有效因子。在特定海域资料有限的情况下,影响因子法比普通的相关和灰色系统分析更具有透明性,能够有效剔除无效因子,定量表达各理化因子对叶绿素a的影响程度。用影响因子法可以明确地判断出特定海域各海水理化因子对叶绿素a影响的主次程度及其有效性,从而定量确定出影响叶绿素a浓度的主要因子。     

Analysis of Optimization for Preliminary Design of Multi-Component Mooring Systems

Multi-component mooring systems become widely used in deep water position-keeping of drilling and production platforms. However, versatile materials make it difficult to design appropriate mooring lines made of several segments. Based on catenary equations of a multi-component mooring line at a specific water depth, this paper establishes a minimum model for designing this kind of lines. The model is solved by Genetic Algorithm and Multi-Objective Planning respectively. The model is verified by its application to a practical mooring design assigranent-a quasi-static analysis for a largesemi-submersible. The optimal result is finally obtained with the aid of design graphs.     

胜利埕岛油田单井拉油平台的设计浅析

胜利埕岛油田自1993年正式产油以来,已经建成简易式的单井拉油平台10多座,无论是设计、建造和施工还是运行管理都积累了许多成功的经验,根据多年来从事的浅海简易式拉油平台设计经验,结合目前埕岛油田该种类型平台的现况,从设计构思的角度着重阐述了平台结构形式的确定、平台方位的选择、平面布置、系统配套以及安全、环保、救生等系统的设置,以期为今后该种类型平台的设计提供一个较完整的思路。