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1.
长江三峡水利枢纽建成并投入运行后,三峡大坝至葛洲坝河段的水流及污染物运动规律将发生变化,从而对该河段水域的水环境质量产生影响.根据两坝间的水文及水质特性,建立了两坝间一维水量水质模型,可用以预测大坝建成后两坝间水量、水质及水环境容量的变化,为该水域的污染控制及水环境管理提供决策支持. 相似文献
2.
二期围堰是三峡工程建设的关键,施工技术难度大,施工期短。首先在一般工程地质条件勘察的基础上,针对二期围堰工程建设的特点,对主要的工程地质问题如枯水河床基岩深槽问题、堰基细砂层振动液化与渗透稳定问题、堰基岩土渗透问题等,进行详细的勘察研究,在此基础上提出了二期围堰的设计和施工依据,是二期围堰工程胜利建成的根本保证。 相似文献
3.
苏通长江大桥的工程地质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
过去10年来,随着城市化加快发展,促进了长江下游特大型桥梁的建设,其中主跨1 088m的苏州—南通特大斜拉桥就是其中之一。苏通大桥位于巨厚的第四系覆盖层地区,因此,土层结构特征、持力层和基础型式的选择,以及工程参数的确定成为主要工程地质问题,需要研究解决。应用岩土工程优势面理论对苏通大桥的研究思路,着重介绍了在巨厚覆盖层地基中用层组结构划分和优势层的研究观点,用优势指标法量化判定桩和沉井基础的持力层以及用多法求合理设计参数和提出若干工程设计与施工的建议等三方面问题的研究成果,从而推动了该工程的顺利进行。 相似文献
4.
The Tabarak Abad Dam on the river Tabarak, a branch of Atrak river, is located about 25 km of northeast of Quchan city in the northeast of Iran. The dam is now under construction and will be completed in 2002. The Tabarak Abad Dam has been designed as an earthfill dam with a clay core. The dam and its associated concrete structures are mainly founded on limestone and shale of the Shoorigeh formation of Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous age and limestone and sandstone of the Tirgan formation of Lower Cretaceous age. These rocks are affected by high jointing and faulting especially in the surface. This paper discusses the site investigation for the dam. 相似文献
5.
Yang Sennan Ren Jianye China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei Fei Zhenbi 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(3):257-262
A study has been made about the structural attribute of the NNW-trendingShizikou linear image belt in the head area of the reservoir of the Yangtze River Gorges and theevaluation of its crustal stability. On the basis of regional geological surveys and by making astructural analysis and a multidisciplinary study, it has been ascertained that the segment withthe best displayed image characteristics is marked by a gravity gliding structure with a multilay-er gliding fold type architecture. This paper also analyzes the medium conditions, slope struc-ture and dynamic setting for the formation of the structure system. 相似文献
6.
危岩体的空间预测问题一直是危岩研究的热点和难点,危岩体的空间预测即表达不同自然地质条件下的危岩体的空间危险程度,因此其实质就是对危岩的危险度进行评价。目前危岩空间预测以定性和半定量方法为主,依靠专家经验判断。围绕如何定量地预测危岩的危险度,利用信息熵原理,结合三峡库区重庆市万州区37个危岩体的数据,计算各评价因子的客观权重,建立了定量评价模型。计算各个危岩体的危险度,通过实地调查对评价结果进行了对比验证。结果显示准确率达86.5%,可作为危岩体危险度评价和空间预测的新方法,为危岩的预警和防治提供科学依据。 相似文献
7.
危岩体的空间预测问题一直是危岩研究的热点和难点,危岩体的空间预测即表达不同自然地质条件下的危岩体的空间危险程度,因此其实质就是对危岩的危险度进行评价。目前危岩空间预测以定性和半定量方法为主,依靠专家经验判断。围绕如何定量地预测危岩的危险度,利用信息熵原理,结合三峡库区重庆市万州区37个危岩体的数据,计算各评价因子的客观权重,建立了定量评价模型。计算各个危岩体的危险度,通过实地调查对评价结果进行了对比验证。结果显示准确率达86.5%,可作为危岩体危险度评价和空间预测的新方法,为危岩的预警和防治提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
The Xiangxi River is the first middling tributary of the Changjiang River near the Three Gorges Dam. The River is subject
to phosphorus pollution mainly from industrial wastewater. As the water quality of the Xiangxi River could directly influence
the water quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the research on phosphorus levels and its change in the sediment profile
of the Xiangxi River could provide useful information in the dynamic changes in the system, thereby offering options for mitigative
measures. Water and sediment samples from lower reaches of Xiangxi River were collected and the different forms of phosphorus
in sediments of the Xiangxi River were studied. The concentrations of total phosphorus in sediment ranged from 757.67 to 1438.54 mg/kg.
Inorganic phosphorus concentrations ranged from 684.63 to 1055.58 mg/kg. Phosphorus contamination was serious in some parts
of the Xiangxi River. With an average concentration of 635.17 mg/kg, calcium-bound phosphorus is the main form among different
inorganic phosphorus forms. Labile phosphorus and iron/aluminum-bound phosphorus measured 3.40, 0.05and 35.28 mg/kg, respectively.
The mobilization potential of phosphorus of sediments was studied through adsorption and release experiments. The equilibrium
concentration of phosphorus adsorption and release was around 0.1 mg/L. The initial concentrations of phosphorus in the overlying
water and the sediments have obvious effect on phosphorus mobilization potential. In addition, the release rate of phosphorus
in sediment increased with water depth. 相似文献
9.
三峡库区重庆市丰都县滑坡灾害危险性评价 总被引:6,自引:10,他引:6
在对三峡库区丰都县滑坡灾害调查和统计分析的基础上,初步概括了滑坡灾害的分布特征和主要影响因素,进而利用综合信息模型评价了丰都县滑坡灾害的危险性,将丰都县滑坡灾害的危险性划分为高危险区、中危险区、低危险区和基本安全区4个等级。其中,高危险区和中危险区分别占全县总面积的2.6%和23.2%,主要分布在长江干流及其支流两岸的居民相对集中区,不同规模的滑坡灾害经常发生,因此潜在危害也很大;低危险区占全县总面积的47.5%,偶有小规模的滑坡灾害发生;基本安全区占全县总面积的25.5%,在人为因素的诱发下可能偶有小规模的滑坡灾害发生,适合于大型工程建设和城镇居民点建设。 相似文献
10.
11.
挑战与机遇:从三峡库区移民安置论工程地质的发展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
殷跃平 《水文地质工程地质》1999,26(4):1-4,12
三峡库区移民安置对工程地质提出了挑战。在十多年时间内,在复杂地质环境和大规模工程活动、水位上升100多米条件下,要进行120万人口迁建,迫使工程地质学在理论、概念、方法、技术等方面进行新探索。在改造的基础上对不良地质体进行“开发利用”是三峡工程地质研究的主题。它要求:工程地质应该由传统的场址调查、勘察与评价的狭义范围拓展到工程地质体,特别是复杂地质体的改造、控制和开发利用的宽广领域。 相似文献
12.
HU Daogong WU Shuren TAN Chengxuan Institute of Geomechanics CAGS Beijing Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(3):294-299
On the basis of historical earthquake data and recent observations, two grey models prediction of the next seismic active period and the maximal magnitude of earthquakes which might occur during that period are constructed on the basis of the grey theory. As predicted by the two models, the next seismic active period would last 79 years, and that the maximal magnitude of earthquakes occurring within the period would not exceed 5.2. These results provide an important basis for the assessment of earthquake risks and reduction of disasters in the Three Gorges area. 相似文献
13.
长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性评价与分区研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分长江三峡工程坝区及外围(约31对万km2)和长江三峡工程库首区(约3万km2)两个层次和范围进行区域地壳稳定性评价与分区研究,在构造分区及现今地应力地场研究的基础上,运用模糊数学进行地壳稳定性量化综合评价,然后结合地质分析,进行地壳稳定性分区。长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性评价与分区结果为:库首区地壳稳定性总体系属相对较稳定一稳定状态,三斗坪坝址区属于相对稳定地块;长江三峡工程库首区地壳稳定性评价与分区结果为:三斗坪坝址位于古老的花岗岩完整块体之上,属于相对稳定(Ⅰ)地块。从区域地壳稳定性评价看, 相似文献
14.
随着三峡水库的运用,其下游的造床流量发生变化,研究坝下游造床流量的变化特性及主要影响因素对河道的冲淤特性及河床演变机理研究有着重要意义。根据1981—2015年的资料,采用平滩水位法、马卡维耶夫法和流量保证率法计算三峡水库蓄水前后宜昌、枝城、沙市、监利、螺山、汉口、九江、大通各站的造床流量。结果表明:①马卡维耶夫法同时考虑了流量过程和输沙能力的影响,计算结果相对合理。②蓄水后各站造床流量减小3 000~6 000 m3/s,符合坝下游主要冲淤变形部位由平滩河槽调整为中枯水河槽的变化特性,反映了结果的合理性。具体来看,时间上,2009年以后造床流量的减小趋势更为明显;空间上,从绝对值来看,以监利站为转折点,从宜昌至大通呈先减小后增大的趋势。③造床流量对来水量和洪峰流量的响应较为敏感,与之呈正相关关系。 相似文献
15.
Influence of the Three Gorges Project on saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The Three Gorges Project (TGP) is a transcentury project that has aroused world attention. It is expected that the flow velocity and runoff of the Yangtze River will be changed after the project has been accomplished. Consequently, however, the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin, particularly in the estuary region, will be affected. Salinity intrusion into the Yangtze River estuary, in general, is mostly affected by the Yangtze River discharge and its external tidal level. This paper focuses on examining the influence of changes in runoff on salinity value. The question, to which should be paid attention is: how is the interaction between changes in runoff of the Yangtze River and salinity distribution in the Yangtze River estuary, China? In this research, a three-dimensional model has been used to identify the effects of runoff change on salinity distribution. The drawn conclusion is that the change of salinity is influenced by discharge variation. Positive and negative impacts of TGP would both turn up but in different period. In sum, TGP is in favor of restraining saltwater intrusion. Nevertheless a suitable method should be found to resolve its negative influences. 相似文献
16.
巫山黄土作为中国南方黄土的重要组成部分,弄清该区的物源将为破译这一宝贵沉积记录提供重要的环境信息.对巫山黄土剖面进行了系统取样和Sr-Nd同位素分析,并与黄土高原同期黄土及近源的河流沉积物等进行了比较.结果表明,巫山黄土的87Sr/86Sr值变化范围为0.717 411~0.719 163,平均值为0.717 998,与黄土高原末次冰期黄土的87Sr/86Sr值(变化范围为0.718 235~0.719 673,平均值为0.718 623)几乎一致;巫山黄土εNd(0)值在-10.1~-11.7之间,平均值为-11.4,明显与长江上游现代河漫滩沉积物εNd(0)值(-5.9~-7.2)差别较大,而与黄土高原黄土εNd(0)值(-9.2~-11.3)接近.研究结果表明巫山黄土的粉尘主要为北方输入,与黄土高原黄土同源.据此认为,巫山黄土的形成并不是因为冰期导致三峡地区干旱河滩干涸暴露而引发粉尘近源堆积,这与近年来长江下游下蜀黄土的研究结果有所不同. 相似文献
17.
三峡水库建成后,长江中下游防洪形势显著改善,但由于经济社会发展,防洪要求的提高和江湖关系的变化,长江防洪形势发生了一些新的变化。以1954年和1998年典型大洪水为例,分析了三峡水库建成后长江中下游防洪形势出现的新变化,讨论了长江中下游蓄滞洪空间格局调整及江湖关系变化对于防洪的影响。根据长江水沙变化、河道演变、水库群调控和分蓄洪区使用几率变化等出现的新问题,提出未来防洪战略及对策。结果表明:三峡建成后,百年一遇以下洪水防御形势明显好转,而百年一遇以上特大防洪的防洪形势仍然严峻,洪水风险主要转移到水库群上;今后需要在加强蓄滞洪区建设的基础上,重点推动防洪非工程措施建设,以减轻特大洪水带来的灾害损失。 相似文献
18.
【研究目的】巫山黄土是位于北亚热带河谷的一处代表性的粉尘堆积,具有重要的区域环境指示意义。【研究方法】本文通过系统取样,对巫山黄土的稀土元素组成特征和古气候意义进行了分析和讨论。【研究结果】结果表明:(1)巫山黄土各样品的稀土元素含量相差不大,并具有同步变化。同时轻稀土含量远远高于重稀土含量,表现为轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损;(2)巫山黄土具有从老到新∑REE逐渐减小的特点,这可能与黄土风化作用的强度不同有关;(3)剖面中不同深度样品的REE分布模式具有相似性,且特征值δCe、δEu、La/Yb、Gd/Yb和ΣREE也非常相近;(4)所有样品稀土元素配分曲线均具有负斜率,La-Eu曲线较陡,Eu-Lu曲线较平缓的特点,揭示了轻重稀土元素之间具有一定的分异作用;(5)巫山黄土δEu值分布在纵轴的0~1区间,具有明显的Eu负异常。而δCe却分布在1附近,没有表现出明显的Ce异常,表明沉积物遭受的风化作用并不强。【结论】巫山黄土并未经受较强的化学风化作用,堆积时该区的气候晚期比早期更为干冷,且在堆积过程中没有发生明显的物源改变。创新点:基于稀土元素含量揭示了巫山黄土形成过程中的气候特征及其物源的变化。 相似文献
19.