苏北盆地金湖凹陷热史与成藏期判识

在镜质体反射率和磷灰石裂变径迹系统测试分析的基础上,对金湖凹陷西斜坡和卞闵杨构造带进行古地温梯度计算和热史恢复.根据镜质体反射率计算出西斜坡的古地温范围介于45.6～128.4℃,古地温梯度为45.5℃/km;卞闵杨构造带古地温为26.4～120.3℃,古地温梯度为42.7℃/km.根据磷灰石裂变径迹计算出西斜坡古地温...     

花海拗陷的热演化和生烃期的磷灰石裂变径迹证据

利用裂变径迹分析方法测量了取自花海拗陷的钻井磷灰石样品的裂变径迹年龄和长度。结果表明,随井深增加年龄减小,平均径迹长度亦变短。取自白垩纪地层的磷灰石样品的裂变径迹年龄都比地层年龄年轻得多,表明沉积后曾长时间处于磷灰石裂变径迹退火带中,沉积前的径迹记录已部分消失,古地温高于今地温。利用蒙特卡罗随机取样的热史模拟方法对裂变径迹数据进行了分析,结果表明白垩纪地层沉积后曾经历过超过110 ℃的加热,达到最高古地温的地质时代是早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世末,为主要生烃期。新生代以来盆地变冷,生油岩的成熟度主要受古地温控制     

广西十万大山盆地中生代地层的裂变径迹研究及其地质意义

对采自中国南方十万大山盆地中生代地层的11个磷灰石样品和6个锆石样品进行了裂变径迹分析,所有磷灰石样品以及锆石样品SS-5、SW033、SW055的裂变径迹年龄数据均小于样品的地层年龄,表明这些样品在沉积后所经历的埋藏温度曾经大于最大退火温度。样品Shw-1、SW027、SW025的锆石裂变径迹年龄大于样品的地层年龄,反映的是源区的锆石年龄。根据磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据进行的时间一温度历史模拟表明,十万大山地区的磷灰石样品基本反映了相同的低温段热演化史。各个样品在41～85Ma之间分别达到最大古地温值(介于98～175℃之间),此后各个样品的热演化史总体上呈冷却的趋势。自晚白垩世以来,盆地各地普遍遭受了抬升剥蚀过程,估算的地层剥蚀量在2281～4484m之间。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东部上三叠统含油砂岩的古地温及成岩阶段

本文采用镜质体反射率、流体包裹体、磷灰石裂变径迹、伊利石结晶度、绿泥石多型及自生矿物的成岩变化等多种方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地东部上三叠统含油砂岩所经历的最高古地温进行了测定和对比。中生代晚期本区古地温梯度为2.9—3.0℃/100m,上三叠统在此期间进入有机质成熟阶段,开始生烃和运聚过程。含油砂岩段的古温度为88—110℃,油的生成和运移的温度为112—122℃。上三叠统上覆地层的剥蚀厚度为2465—2750m。含油砂岩段现埋深一般为400—1200m,埋深1900m左右温度达140℃,此深度带以下以产天然气为主,进入有机质超成熟阶段。     

磷灰石裂变径迹分析（AFTA）——一种研究含油气盆地古热构造史的新方法

磷灰石裂变径迹分析近年来广泛地被用来研究含油气盆地古热定史与古构造史及指导油气勘探，这主要是根据磷灰石裂变径迹退火是时间和温度的函数，而烃的生成与热成熟同是也是和温度的函数，而且磷灰石裂变径迹退火温度范围与石油的生成门限相吻合，退火除受温度、时间影响外、还受化学成分，取向因素控制。ＡＦＴＡ包括裂变径迹年龄分析和裂变径迹长度分析，通过前者可获得退火方面信息，通过后者可获得最大古地温及其随时间的变化及     

磷灰石裂变径迹分析在焉耆盆地油气勘探中的应用

研究了博南１井和焉参１井侏罗系碎屑岩６个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹测试结果,得出北部凹陷中生界埋深普遍〉２０００ｍ,属新生代补偿型地温场分区,最大古地温发生在新生代以来的挽近时期,中下侏罗统经历的最大古地温约为７０～１１０℃;南部凹陷中生界埋深普遍〈１５００ｍ,属新生代欠补偿型地温场分区,最大古地温发生在侏罗系沉积末,下侏罗统一中侏罗统下部经因的在古地温大约为８０～１１０℃,中侏罗统上部经历的最大古地温     

焉耆盆地磷灰石裂变径迹分析

通过裂变径迹分析，研究沉积盆地的古地温，再造沉积盆地的地热史，是近些年来迅速发展的新的研究领域之一。为了深入焉耆盆地古地温场和地质发展史的研究，在焉耆盆地共测试磷灰石裂变径迹分析样品21块，研究焉耆盆地博湖坳陷的古地温场特征，并确定冷却事件发生的时间，利用磷灰石裂变径迹资料计算出地层剥失厚度，对油气的生成运移时期进行分析。     

二连盆地侏罗系地层热演化史研究

本文应用磷灰石裂变径迹,镜质体动力学模型等方法恢复二连盆地侏罗系地层的热演化史,二连盆地图参１井磷灰石退火浓度为１６００－２７７４ｍ,对应的退火温度为６４－１０２．７℃,图参１井现今温度小于最高古地温,这是由于二连盆地地温梯度逐渐降低及地层发生抬升和剥蚀所致。根据磷灰石裂变径迹分析和镜质体动力学模型模拟图参１井的热演化史,在晚侏罗世时其经受的最高地温梯度分别为７℃／ｈｍ和６℃／ｈｍ。侏罗系地层在晚     

磷灰石裂变径迹的退火作用及其在沉积盆地油气勘探中的应用：？…

以研究沉积盆地热历史具有独特优越性的新技术方法－裂变径迹法为主要研究手段,通过对东濮凹陷不同区带钻井样品中磷灰石裂变径迹分析,从磷灰石裂变径退火特征所确定的古地渐及古地温梯度,磷灰石裂变径迹表现年龄及退火范围,以及它们与“石油窗”的关系出发,分析了东濮凹陷内油气形成的有利地段,预测了油气远景区,为油田进一步勘探开发提供了理论依据。     

磷灰石裂变径迹与结晶C轴的夹角对模拟热历史的影响

磷灰石裂变径迹退火行为是磷灰石裂变径迹技术模拟热历史的基础,退火程度的不同会导致径迹的长度不同,其中退火的各向异性（与结晶C轴夹角不同退火行为不同）是导致长度差异的重要因素。首先利用C轴投影模型将任意夹角的径迹转化成与C轴平行的径迹,以此消除分布方位的影响,进而探讨实际测量长度相同而分布方位不同的径迹模拟的热历史之间的差异。研究结果表明,磷灰石裂变径迹与结晶 C轴夹角不同揭示的最高古地温之间最大差异为15℃,用来研究剥蚀量和年轻造山带冷却抬升速率引起的最大差异可分别达到430 m及1.5℃/Ma,揭示构造抬升事件的初始抬升时间最大可相差2Ma。因此,在实际模拟热历史时应注意该参数的影响,准确测量磷灰石裂变径迹与结晶C轴的夹角将有助于提高模拟热历史的精度。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861