东昆仑祁漫塔格阿确墩地区侵入岩U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

祁漫塔格地区岩浆岩的成岩时代和形成环境的确定能对东昆仑造山带加里东期构造演化时限加以约束.对祁漫塔格西北部阿确墩地区石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩进行了年代学和岩石地球化学研究,结果显示,石英闪长岩属准铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列岩石;轻重稀土分馏明显,具中等-轻微铕负异常（δEu=0.79~0.90）;相对富集Rb、K、Hf、Zr、Tb、Nd等元素,不同程度地亏损Ba、P、Ti、Nd、Ta、Y;具有I型花岗岩类特征.二长花岗岩属弱过铝质钙碱性系列岩石;轻重稀土分异程度极大,具明显铕负异常（δEu=0.42~0.45）;富集大离子亲石元素（如Rb、K、La、Ce、Nd、Tb等）,亏损高场强元素（P、Ti、Nd、Ta）和Ba、Sr、U等元素;为高分异I型花岗岩.Nd/Th、Nb/Ta、Mg#值等指标显示石英闪长岩为壳源特征且受到幔源岩浆的影响,推测是幔源岩浆底侵地壳物质发生部分熔融形成的;二长花岗岩则是壳源的,可能与幔源岩浆底侵诱发的上地壳物质部分熔融有关,且经历了强烈的结晶分离作用.石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为448.8±3.9 Ma和405.2±3.6 Ma,代表其形成时代.石英闪长岩总体显示出与俯冲消减作用有关的岛弧岩浆岩地球化学特征;二长花岗岩在构造环境图解中显示为碰撞背景,但微量元素与同碰撞花岗岩典型特征不符,综合分析认为形成于后碰撞构造背景下.结合区域构造演化,推测东昆仑祁漫塔格地区在晚奥陶世持续处于俯冲消减环境中,早泥盆世之前进入后碰撞造山阶段.      

Qiarbahete Sanukitoids and adakitic rocks in NW Tianshan: age and geochemical constraints on their petrogenesis and tectonic settings

The Qiarbahete complex in NW China consists of gabbroic diorite, granodiorite, and late-stage quartz diorite porphyry veins. Zircon sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb analyses show that the gabbroic diorite and granodiorite formed at 368 ± 5.2 Ma and 354 ± 4.1 Ma, respectively, indicating that the complex was emplaced in the Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous. The gabbroic diorites, characteristic of Sanukitoids, exhibit high Mg^# (62 average), MgO (6.84% average), Cr (195 ppm average), and Ni (61.4 ppm average) contents. The rocks show moderately fractionated rare earth element (REEs) patterns and weak negative Eu anomalies (δEu: 0.83–0.89), enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and depletion of high field strength elements (HFSEs), with low ?_Nd(t) values (1.46–1.73). The gabbroic diorites originated from partial melting of a hydrous mantle wedge followed by assimilation of crust during ascent. The granodiorites show a geochemical affinity with adakitic rocks, e.g. SiO₂ (64.95–67.87%) > 56%, Al₂O₃ (15.88–16.56%) > 15%, MgO (1.79–2.31%) < 3%, Sr (315–375 ppm) > 300 ppm, and Yb (1.84–2.06 ppm). They are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and LILEs and depleted in HFSEs, with weak negative Eu anomalies (δEu: 0.78–0.87). The granodiorites were mainly derived by the partial melting of a subducted oceanic slab, followed by subsequent melt–mantle interaction and crustal rocks contamination. All these indicate that the Qiarbahete complex was emplaced in a continental arc setting attending the southward subduction of the Junggar Ocean during the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous, generating the lateral accretion of continental crust in NW Tianshan.     

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Neoarchean Metamorphic Mafic Rocks in the Wutai Complex

Neoarchean metamorphic mafic rocks in the lower and the middle Wutai Complex mainly comprise metamorphic gabbros, amphibolites and chlorite schists. They can be subdivided into three groups according to chondrite normalized REE patterns. Rocks in Group #1 are characterized by nearly flat REE patterns （Lan/Ybn=0.86-1.3）, the lowest total REEs （29-52 ppm）, and weak negative to positive Eu anomalies （Eun/Eun=0.84-1.02）, nearly flat primitive mantle normalized patterns and strong negative Zr（Hf） anomalies. Their geochemical characteristics in REEs and trace elements are similar to those of ocean plateau tholeiite, which imply that this group of rocks can represent remnants of Archean oceanic crust derived from a mantle plume. Rocks in Group #2 are characterized by moderate total REEs （34-116 ppm）, LREE-enriched （Lan/Ybn=1.76-4.34） chondrite normalized REE patterns with weak Eu anomalies （Eun/Eun=0.76-1.16）, and negative Nb, Ta, Zr（Hf）, Ti anomalies in the primitive mantle normalized spider diagram. The REE and trace element characteristics indicate that they represent arc magmas originating from a sub-arc mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-derived fluids. Rocks in Group #3 are characterized by the highest total REEs （61-192 ppm）, the strongest LREEs enrichment （Lan/Ybn=7.12-16） with slightly negative Eu anomalies （Eun/Eun=0.81-0.95） in the chondrite normalized diagram. In the primitive mantle normalized diagram, these rocks are characterized by large negative anomalies in Nb, Ta, Ti, negative to no Zr anomalies. They represent arc magmas originating from a sub-arc mantle wedge enriched in slab-derived melts. The three groups of rocks imply that the formation of the Neoarchean Wutai Complex is related to mantle plumes and island-arc interaction.     

Excess europium content in precambrian sedimentary rocks and continental evolution

We propose that the europium excess in Precambrian sedimentary rocks, relative to those of younger age is derived from volcanic rocks of ancient island arcs, which were the source materials for the sediments. Precambrian sedimentary rocks and present-day volcanic rocks of island arcs have similar REE patterns, total REE abundances and excess Eu, relative to the North American shale composite. The present upper crustal REE pattern, as exemplified by that of sediments, is depleted in Eu, relative to chondrites. This depletion is considered to be a consequence of development of a grandioritic upper crust by partial melting in the lower crust, which selectively retains europium.     

Geocheemical variations in a suite of granitoids and gabbros from Southland,New Zealand

The Longwoods Complex of Southland, New Zealand is part of an extensive terrane consisting of intrusives, volcanics, and sediments, which outcrops in the southern and north-western portions of the South Island. This terrane represents a volcanic arc which was active from Permian to Jurassic times (Grindley, 1958; Challis, 1968, 1969; Coombs et al., 1976). Between Pahia Point and Oraka Point on the southern coast of the South Island a section across the Longwoods Complex is well exposed and intrusives ranging in composition from ultrabasic cumulate rock, high-Al gabbro and gabbroic diorite to quartz diorite and granite outcrop. Two models have been considered for the origin of the rocks of the Pahia Point-Oraka Point section: (a) the rocks constitute one suite, the members of which are related by a crystal fractionation process; (b) the rocks constitute two suites which are not directly related. The ultrabasic rocks, and quartz diorites are complementary and are derived from a high-Al gabbro parent by crystal fractionation involving pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase and hornblende, but considerations of viscosity and the geochemistry of the granite preclude derivation of the high-Si rocks by continuation of the crystal fractionation model. Furthermore, the quartz-diorites are of two types: xenolith bearing foliated quartz-diorites and xenolith deficient unfoliated types. The latter rock type appears to group with the gabbros on variation diagrams and partitioning of Ti between mica and amphibole supports the view that two distinct suites of rocks are involved: (a) a suite derived by fractional crystallization from a high-Al gabbro parent and consisting of cumulate ultramafic rocks, high-Al gabbro, gabbroic diorite and quartz-diorite; (b) a suite of foliated quartz diorites, formed by partial melting of lower crustal igneous rocks. The xenoliths in the foliated quartz-diorites represent modified residue left after partial melting. Melt and residue have unmixed to varying degrees during diapiric rise and a range of compositions has resulted. The association of the two suites is tectonic. Gabbroic melts are generated in the lithosphere during plate subduction beneath a continental margin and rise of these melts into the lower continental crust results in partial melting and generation of quartz-diorite magmas.     

西准噶尔北部比图岩体的地球化学特征及构造环境

选择西准噶尔北部晚志留世比图岩体进行系统的岩石学、地球化学特征研究,揭示其岩石成因及形成的大地构造环境。比图岩体岩性以钾长花岗岩为主,边部为碱性花岗岩、正长岩和闪长岩。钾长花岗岩和正长岩贫Mg O(0.3%~0.5%)、CaO(0.8%~1.1%),稀土含量高(105~204μg/g),Eu异常明显,属于碱性高分异I型花岗岩;碱性花岗岩富碱(6.8%)、贫Al_2O_3(9.9%),稀土含量较高(271μg/g),极度亏损Sr、Ba、Eu,属于典型的A型花岗岩。闪长岩富MgO(4.1%)和CaO(7.5%),稀土含量较高(93μg/g),属于高钾钙碱性系列,源自富水地幔的部分熔融。岩体地球化学特征表明比图钾长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、正长岩均是新生地壳部分熔融之后不同程度结晶分异的产物;比图岩体的各种岩性普遍具有富碱、轻稀土和大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),弱亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)的地球化学特征,形成于后碰撞的伸展环境。     

川西地区热达门石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学特征:岩石成因与构造意义

川西地区热达门石英闪长岩体位于松潘-甘孜造山带北东侧。岩体的LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(206.4±1.4)Ma,侵位于晚三叠世。岩石Si O2含量为50.62%~56.66%,K2O/Na2O为0.32~1.20。铝饱和指数介于0.59~0.86之间,里特曼指数(σ)介于0.40~1.20之间,属于亚碱性准铝质系列岩石。岩体稀土总量∑REE介于81.45×10-6~222.39×10-6,LREE/HREE介于5.38~10.45之间,(La/Yb)N范围为5.98~12.99,δEu为0.66~1.01,δCe为0.81~0.93。岩石地球化学特征显示热达门岩石英闪长岩是在碰撞造山环境下,由岩浆上涌诱发下地壳物质部分熔融而形成的I型花岗岩。     

Rare earth element concentrations in a suite of basanitoids and alkali olivine basalts from Grenada,Lesser Antilles

A suite of basanitoids and alkali olivine basalts from Grenada, Lesser Antilles were analyzed for rare earth elements. The REE concentrations of these rocks are characterized by a small variation in the heavy REE (7 to 9 times chondrite) and a large variation in the light REE (17 to 93 times chondrite). Among the possible mechanisms to account for the REE variations, fractional crystallization processes at low and high pressures, and partial melting processes (both batch melting and fractional melting) were examined, using the partition relationships of REE among silicate minerals and melts. It is suggested that the observed REE variations are best explained by variable degrees of batch partial melting, in which garnet is present as one of the solid phases through 2 to 17% melting of a garnet lherzolite parent rock.     

Experimental and geochemical evidence for derivation of the El Capitan Granite,California, by partial melting of hydrous gabbroic lower crust

Partial melting of mafic intrusions recently emplaced into the lower crust can produce voluminous silicic magmas with isotopic ratios similar to their mafic sources. Low-temperature (825 and 850°C) partial melts synthesized at 700 MPa in biotite-hornblende gabbros from the central Sierra Nevada batholith (Sisson et al. in Contrib Mineral Petrol 148:635–661, 2005) have major-element and modeled trace-element (REE, Rb, Ba, Sr, Th, U) compositions matching those of the Cretaceous El Capitan Granite, a prominent granite and silicic granodiorite pluton in the central part of the Sierra Nevada batholith (Yosemite, CA, USA) locally mingled with coeval, isotopically similar quartz diorite through gabbro intrusions (Ratajeski et al. in Geol Soc Am Bull 113:1486–1502, 2001). These results are evidence that the El Capitan Granite, and perhaps similar intrusions in the Sierra Nevada batholith with lithospheric-mantle-like isotopic values, were extracted from LILE-enriched, hydrous (hornblende-bearing) gabbroic rocks in the Sierran lower crust. Granitic partial melts derived by this process may also be silicic end members for mixing events leading to large-volume intermediate composition Sierran plutons such as the Cretaceous Lamarck Granodiorite. Voluminous gabbroic residues of partial melting may be lost to the mantle by their conversion to garnet-pyroxene assemblages during batholithic magmatic crustal thickening.     

Influence of stretching and density contrasts on the chemical evolution of continental magmas: an example from the Ivrea-Verbano Zone

 The southern Ivrea-Verbano Zone of the Italian Western Alps contains a huge mafic complex that intruded high-grade metamorphic rocks while they were resident in the lower crust. Geologic mapping and chemical variations of the igneous body were used to study the evolution of underplated crust. Slivers of crustal rocks (septa) interlayered with igneous mafic rocks are concentrated in a narrow zone deep in the complex (Paragneiss-bearing Belt) and show evidence of advanced degrees of partial melting. Variations of rare-earth-element patterns and Sr isotope composition of the igneous rocks across the sequence are consistent with increasing crustal contamination approaching the septa. Therefore, the Paragneiss-bearing Belt is considered representative of an “assimilation region” where in-situ interaction between mantle- and crust-derived magmas resulted in production of hybrid melts. Buoyancy caused upwards migration of the hybrid melts that incorporated the last septa and were stored at higher levels, feeding the Upper Mafic Complex. Synmagmatic stretching of the assimilation region facilitated mixing and homogenization of melts. Chemical variations of granitoids extracted from the septa show that deep septa are more depleted than shallow ones. This suggests that the first incorporated septa were denser than the later ones, as required by the high density of the first-injected mafic magmas. It is inferred that density contrasts between mafic melts and crustal rocks play a crucial role for the processes of contamination of continental magmas. In thick under plated crust, the extraction of early felsic/hybrid melts from the lower crust may be required to increase the density of the lower crust and to allow the later mafic magmas to penetrate higher crustal levels. Received: 2 May 1995 / Accepted: 1 November 1995     

Geochemical and Sm–Nd isotopic study of titanite from granitoid rocks of the eastern Dharwar craton,southern India

Titanite occurs as an accessory phase in a variety of igneous rocks, and is known to concentrate geologically important elements such as U, Th, rare earth element (REE), Y and Nb. The differences in the abundances of the REEs contained in titanite from granitoid rocks could reflect its response to changes in petrogenetic variables such as temperature of crystallization, pressure, composition, etc. Widespread migmatization in the granodiorite gneisses occurring to the east of Kolar and Ramagiri schist belts of the eastern Dharwar craton resulted in the enrichment of the REEs in titanite relative to their respective host rocks. A compositional influence on the partitioning of REEs between titanite and the host rock/magma is also noticed. The relative enrichment of REEs in titanite from quartz monzodiorite is lower than that found in the granodioritic gneiss. Depletion of REE and HFSE (high field-strength elements) abundances in granitic magmas that have equilibrated with titanite during fractional crystallization or partial melting has been modelled. As little as 1% of titanite present in residual phases during partial melting or in residual melts during fractional crystallization can significantly lower the abundances of trace elements such as Nb, Y, Zr and REE which implies the significance of this accessory mineral as a controlling factor in trace element distribution in granitoid rocks. Sm–Nd isotope studies on titanite, hornblende and whole rock yield isochron ages comparable to the precise U–Pb titanite ages, invoking the usefulness of Sm–Nd isochron ages involving minerals like titanite.     

Relative contributions of crust and mantle to generation of Oligo-Miocene medium-K calc-alkaline I-type granitoids in a subduction setting—a case study from the Nabar Pluton,central Iran

The Nabar pluton with the age of Oligo-Miocene located northwest of Isfahan, the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt, is composed of gabbro, gabbro diorite, diorite, quartz diorite, tonalite, and quartz monzonite. These rocks contain plagioclase, quartz, alkali-feldspar, magnesiohornblende, actinolite, tremolite-hornblende, actinolite-hornblende, anthophyllite, biotite, and Na-poor pyroxene. Application of the Al-in-hornblende barometry indicates pressures of 2–2.15 kbar, whereas the clinopyroxene barometry shows a pressure of 5 kbar. The temperature (i.e., 750–800°C) is estimated using the amphibole-clinopyroxene thermometry in a dioritic sample. Magmatic water content was greater than 10% at the time of formation of dioritic rocks in the Nabar pluton. Based on chemistry of mafic minerals and geochemical data, the Nabar plutonic complex comprises medium-K, calc-alkaline, and I-type granitoid. The rocks are characterized by enrichment of lithophile elements (LILEs) and depletion of high-field-strength elements (HFSEs). The Nabar rocks have weak concave-upward rare earth element (REE) patterns, suggesting that amphibole played a significant role in their generation during magma segregation. Low (Al₂O₃/(FeO + MgO + TiO₂) and (Na₂O + K₂O)/(FeO + MgO + TiO₂) ratios, and the patterns of trace and rare earth elements suggest that these rocks formed along a destructive plate margin and were derived from a lower crustal source. The magma probably formed by partial melting of lower crustal protoliths (amphibolites). Lower crust contamination with magma derived from partial melting of the upper mantle has an important role in the formation of this intrusive body, and a fractional crystallization of melts in higher crustal levels generated this spectrum of rock types. Mantle-derived gabbroic magmas emplaced into the lower crust are the most likely heat sources for partial melting.     

安徽铜陵铜官山矿区中生代侵入岩的形成过程——岩浆底侵、同化混染和分离结晶

对安徽铜陵铜官山矿区的小铜官山岩体进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,并对天鹅抱蛋山岩体及其辉长岩和闪长岩包体进行了全岩主量元素和稀土元素以及锶 钕同位素分析,结合对区内老庙基山和小铜官山岩体及其辉长岩和闪长岩包体的岩石学和地球化学资料的综合整理,讨论了这些岩体及其包体的成因。小铜官山岩体的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(139.5±2.9 ）Ma,表明它属于长江中下游晚侏罗世-早白垩世岩浆作用的产物。辉长岩和闪长岩包体具有低w(SiO₂)(52.03%~54.61 %）、w(Al₂O₃)(12.87%~14.43 %)和全碱含量w(Na₂O+K2O)(5.26%~6.30 %）, 但高w(MgO)(5.41%~11.66 %）的特征;寄主岩与此相反,具有高w(SiO2)(59.97%~64.44 %）、w(Al₂O₃)(16.43%~17.59 %）和全碱含量(6.67%~8.25 %）,但低w(MgO)(1.52%~2.50 %）的特征。辉长岩和闪长岩包体的稀土元素总量为165.70×10^-6~190.40×10^-6,寄主岩的稀土元素总量为166.12×10^-6~185.95×10^-6,二者十分相近,它们的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式也十分相似。但辉长岩和闪长岩包体的轻、重稀土比值为3.39~4.27,明显小于寄主岩的轻、重稀土比值(4.86~5.94）。辉长岩和闪长岩包体具明显的正铕异常,而寄主岩具有弱负铕异常。从辉长岩到寄主岩,ε Nd (t) 从-4.9~-9.9减小到-11.4~-11.9,(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_o 从0.706 4~0.707 3增加到0.707 2~0.708 4。上述资料表明,铜陵铜官山矿区晚侏罗世-早白垩世侵入岩及其辉长岩和闪长岩包体可能是由基性到中酸性岩浆通过幔源岩浆底侵、同化混染和分离结晶过程形成的,而基性到中酸性岩浆则是由底侵的玄武岩浆与不同量的中下地壳物质发生一系列复杂的相互作用形成的。     

胶东早白垩世中-酸性脉岩造岩矿物微区地球化学特征研究

胶东地区广泛发育早白垩世中-酸性脉岩群,但是其成因演化及成岩地质背景至今仍存在诸多争论。本文利用电子探针(EMPA)与激光剥蚀电感藕合等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)技术分析了胶东早白垩世石英闪长脉岩与闪长脉岩中主要造岩矿物(斜长石和黑云母)的主、微量元素组成;并结合岩石地球化学特征,对两者的岩浆源区和岩浆演化进行了研究探讨。石英闪长脉岩与闪长脉岩中黑云母低于检测线的Ca O含量与斜长石主量元素之间良好的线性关系指示两者为未受到后期变质作用影响的原生矿物,进一步说明胶东中生代石英闪长脉岩与闪长脉岩岩浆形成后,在上涌成岩过程中未受到变质作用的影响。石英闪长脉岩中壳源黑云母矿物成分基本一致的,以及斜长石正环带中核边部线性变化的An值与Fe、Mg、Sr、Ba等不相容元素特征指示石英闪长脉岩源于华北克拉通东部古老的加厚下地壳部分熔融作用,并在岩浆演化早期和晚期有一定幔源镁铁质岩浆混入,整个岩浆演化过程并未受到大气、俯冲、变质流体混入或构造作用的影响。闪长脉岩中黑云母矿物较大的Fe2+/(Fe2++Mg)比值范围,Al含量与结晶压力高度正相关以及斜长石中不相容元素特征指示本次研究中胶东闪长脉岩源自俯冲的板片来源的流体或沉积物混入所形成富集岩石圈地幔源区。胶东早白垩世石英闪长脉岩与闪长脉岩形成的大地构造动力学背景为古太平洋板俯冲-回撤引起热-机械侵蚀,进而导致岩石圈地幔减薄。在此情况下软流圈地幔上涌加热导致胶东富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成地幔熔体。这些幔源熔体经历分离结晶形成早白垩世闪长脉岩。此外,幔源镁铁质岩浆持续加热导致加厚下地壳部分熔融,形成了石英闪长脉岩。     

Provenance and tectonic setting of the metapelites deposits in the Bulfat Complex,NE-Iraq

Major and trace elements including rare earth elements (REEs) chemistry of the metapelitic rocks of Bulfat Complex (Iraqi Zagros Suture Zone) indicate their enrichment in large-ion Lithophile, light rare earth (LREE) elements, and relative depletion of high field strength and heavy rare earth (HREE) elements. The linear correlation coefficients between TiO₂, K₂O, and Al₂O₃ and total REE reveal that phyllosilicates (e.g., mica) and accessory minerals mainly Ti-bearing phases (e.g., ilmenite) are likely the dominant hosts for REEs. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns typical of continental margin settings with significant enrichment of LREE, prominent negative Eu anomalies, and nearly flat HREE are positively correlated with post-Archean Australian shale (PAAS) and upper continental crust (UCC) patterns. Additionally, their consistent elemental La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, Cr/Th, and Eu/Eu* values suggest that sediments may have been originally derived from an old post-Archean upper continental crust composed chiefly of granitic component. It seems most likely that the felsic source rocks were originated by a process of intra-crustal differentiation such as partial melting and/or fractional crystallization involving fractionation of Ca-plagioclase. The geochemical evidences particularly REEs evaluation show that deposition of clasts occurred in an active continental margin setting during lower–upper Cretaceous period contemporaneous with the igneous activities. It is evident therefore that the clasts source is from the north–northeast side, i.e., from the active margin of Iranian microcontinent (Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone).     

Late Proterozoic older granitoids from the North Eastern desert of Egypt: petrogenesis and geodynamic implications

Major, trace, and REE data for three localities of calc?Calkaline older granitoid rocks exposed in the north Eastern Desert of Egypt are presented. These rocks were selected to cover wide compositional spectrum of the Egyptian older granitoid varieties. They are petrographically represented by granodiorite, tonalite, quartz?Cdiorite, and quartz?Cmonzodiorite. The rocks are comparable with the peraluminous, unfractionated calc?Calkaline suites and fall within the volcanic arc and I-type granite fields. So, they can be regarded as belonging to the volcanic arc collision stage (665?C614?Ma). The granitoids are geochemically similar to other rocks recorded from continental margin arc-systems being exhibit light-REE enriched patterns with variable but chiefly positive Eu anomaly. The latter has reverse relationship with the ??REE, which was attributed to the fractionation of hornblende during partial melting. These patterns are comparable with models involving partial melting of amphibolitic source. This source must represent basalts, gabbros, or volcanics of an island arc system that were transformed to the level of the island arc crust during continental growth where the P?CT conditions are suitable for partial melting. Thus, it is plausible that the studied rocks were derived by partial melting of LREE-enriched, garnet-free, and amphibole-bearing (i.e., hydrated) mafic source. Wadi Milaha granitoids are consistent with the derivation by a high degree of partial melting (30?C40%) of amphibolite protolith in the deep crust. However, the two other localities (Wadi Umm Anab and West Gharib) are matching with 20?C30% partial melting. Within each locality, variation in rock types from granodiorite to tonalite is said to be dominated by variable degree of restite separation during magma ascent. The high water and volatile contents in Wadi Milaha granitoids allowed higher degree of partial melting (30?C40%). Moreover, the lower volatile contents in the other two localities (Wadi Umm Anab and West Gharib) gave lower degrees of partial melting (20?C30%). These processes may resemble important geodynamic features of the Arabo-Nubian Shield evolution in the north Eastern Desert of Egypt.     

九十三沟金矿床地质特征

九十三沟金矿床产于延边复向斜北东端杜荒子-汪清中生代陆相火山断陷盆地东部的石英闪长斑岩内接触带角砾岩中,近南北向断裂构造控制金矿体的产出.成矿物质来自白垩纪浅成侵入体石英闪长斑岩,成矿热液为富含钾质的气水溶液.矿床属岩浆期后中低温热液型金矿床.     

A Ce/Nd isotope study of crustal contamination processes affecting Palaeocene magmas in Skye,Northwest Scotland

Twelve¹³⁸Ce/¹³⁶Ce isotope determinations, 31 Nd isotope analyses, and 31 REE profiles are presented for Tertiary basic to intermediate igneous rocks from the Isle of Skye, NW Scotland. The aim of this work is to precisely identify the contamination mechanisms of basic magmas emplaced through old crust, and to test the effectiveness of Ce isotope analysis as a petrogenetic tool.Combined Ce/Nd isotope analysis enables the modelling of the light REE profiles of the mantle-derived precursors to contaminated lavas, using different crustal end-members, in order to compare these with the magmatic lineage of uncontaminated Skye lavas. The geochemical data support a contamination mechanism involving a granitic melt, produced either by large degree melting of Scourian granulitefacies acid sheets, or (possibly) by melting of intermediate gneiss out of isotopic equilibrium.Basaltic lavas showing strong isotopic contamination effects yield calculated degrees of crustal contamination by large degree granitic melts of ca. 8 or 9% based on Ce and Nd isotopic data respectively. However, for lavas with liquidus temperatures of over 1250° C, the temperature dependence of the degree of contamination is weak.The combination of this evidence with new and published Pb isotope data suggests that the bulk of crustal contamination of the Skye lavas occurred in sill complexes at distinct levels in the crust, rather than during the actual ascent of magma through the crust in dykes. It is suggested on the basis of published fluid dynamic and field evidence that the assimilation of large degree melts of acid gneiss by turbulently flowing magma is more likely than assimilation of small degree disequilibrium melts from more refractory intermediate gneisses.It is concluded that Ce isotope analysis is a viable and useful adjunct to Nd isotope data in petrogenetic studies of continental igneous rocks emplaced through old basement.     

豫西崤山后河岩体的地球化学及锆石稀土元素特征

豫西崤山北部内生金属成矿作用较弱,仅有几个规模较小的Au矿床。对崤山北部燕山期酸性小岩体开展岩石成因研究,不仅可对深部动力学过程进行限定,而且为区域找矿思路的转变提供依据。为此,对崤山北部的后河岩体全岩样品进行了主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素及锆石稀土元素成分分析。后河岩体具有高硅、富碱高钾、贫镁低钙的特征,岩体样品投点在SiO2-K2O图解中落入钾玄岩系列,A/CNK值介于104~126之间。后河岩体的稀土配分模式具有右倾平滑、轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的特征,(La/Yb)N范围为3095~4938,无明显Eu异常。后河岩体富集Rb和Th,具有明显的Nb、Ta、P和Ti负异常,高Sr,低Y、Yb,属于埃达克岩。后河岩体是加厚大陆下地壳的部分熔融形成的,部分熔融源区的残余相矿物包括石榴石和金红石,岩浆演化过程中没有经历明显的斜长石结晶分异作用。后河岩体锆石稀土元素具有轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集、Ce正异常及无明显Eu异常的特征,锆石的形成温度介于624~701 ℃之间,后河锆石/熔体体系中重稀土元素分配系数变化证明了深部岩浆(流体)混合作用的存在。后河岩体是早白垩世崤山北部岩石圈拆沉作用的产物,这有利于成矿流体和埃达克质岩浆快速上升,其周缘出露申家窑Au矿床及岩体自身明显的Au、Ag、Cu、Mo及W高含量异常均表明后河具有较大的成矿潜力,它应当是崤山北部的找矿靶区之一。     

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Granitoids at Sharang Eocene Porphyry Mo Deposit in the Main‐Stage of India‐Asia Continental Collision,Northern Gangdese,Tibet

The Sharang porphyry Mo deposit is the first discovered Mo porphyry‐type deposit in the Gangdese Metallogenic Belt. The orebody is hosted by the Eocene multi‐stage composite intrusive complex which is emplaced in the Upper Permian Mengla Formation and cut by the Miocene dykes. Granite porphyry is recognized as the ore‐bearing porphyry in the complex, which consists of quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, granite, prophyritic granite and post‐mineral lamprophyre. Granodiorite porphyry and dacite porphyry intrude the granite porphyry. Geochemical data indicate that Sharang complex has a High‐K calc‐alkalinc to shoshonitic, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous composition. The Sharang complex rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements, depleted in high‐field strength elements, Nb, Sr, P and Ti. REE patterns show slight enrichments in light REE relative to heavy REE and weak negative Eu anomalies. All rocks in this complex have a wide range of initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.705605～0.712496) and lower ε_Nd(t) values (?0.61～?7.80). The geochemical data suggest highly oxidized‐evolved magma and old continental materials may have been the magma source for the Sharang intrusive complex that host porphyry Mo mineralization. Eocene pre‐ore and ore‐forming rocks at Sharang may have formed by partial melting of mantle wedge and by mixing with old continental crust at the lower crust level. In contrast the post‐ore rocks may have formed by partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle.