Indium Mineralization in the Yejiwei Sn‐Polymetallic Deposit of the Shizhuyuan Orefield,Southern Hunan,China

The Y ejiwei deposit, which is located in the southern H unan W –Sn –Pb –Z n M etallogenic B elt in south C hina, is a large‐scale porphyry–skarn–veinlet‐type deposit containing 806 t I n. M ineralization occurs as porphyry‐type S n (stockworks), skarn‐type S n–C u, marble‐hosted‐type S n–C u (veinlet), and vein‐type P b–Z n ores. Thirty‐five ore samples were collected from the Y ejiwei deposit for bulk and mineral chemical composition, microscopic observation and electron microprobe analyses. The porphyry‐type S n ores contain variable amounts of I n (2.3–76 ppm; mean of 17.4 ppm) with local I n enrichment (226 ppm) and 1000 × I n/Z n values are 3.8–52.4. The skarn‐type C u–S n ore is richest in I n (12.3–214 ppm; mean of 114 ppm), and 1000 × I n/Z n values are 2.4–117. In contrast, the In content of the marble‐hosted‐type C u–S n ores is relatively low (7.4–34.9 ppm; mean of 20.3 ppm), and 1000 × I n/Z n is in the range of 0.61–5.5, and the vein‐type P b–Z n ores in the external zone contain the lowest I n contents (7.2–17.0 ppm; mean of 12.1 ppm) with 1000 × I n/Z n values of 0.07–0.09. The ore minerals in the deposit include pyrite, pyrrhotite, cassiterite, and I n‐bearing minerals of sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and stannite. Although only trace amounts of sphalerite are hosted in the porphyry ores, the sphalerite contains the highest I n content (0.27–10.1 wt.% I n) in the deposit. We observed the highest I n contents of all I n‐bearing sphalerite reported in C hina. The I n contents of sphalerite in the skarn‐type ore range from 0.15 to 0.56 wt.%, whereas the marble‐hosted‐, and vein‐type ores have lower I n contents (0.00–0.04, and 0.03–0.06 wt.%, respectively). The In resources of the Y ejiwei deposit are mainly hosted in skarn ores of the No. 31 and No. 32 orebodies. The genesis of I n in the Y ejiwei deposit was closely related to the shallow intrusive environment of related igneous rocks. As W –S n–M o–B i–C u–P b–Z n–A g mineralization is widespread in south H unan, this study would suggest a focus on skarn‐type S n–Z n deposits for the future prospecting of I n resources.     

Polymetallic Mineralization at the Nakakoshi Copper Deposits, Central Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract: Polymetallic mineralization at the Nakakoshi deposits, Kamikawa town, central Hokkaido, occur as fracture-filling veins in Cretaceous slate of the Hidaka Supergroup. Ten veins have been recognized in NE-SW and E-W directions. Sericite in altered slate which is the host of the deposits, was dated at 31. 1 Ma, Oligocene in age.
No. 9 vein consists of massive chalcopyrite ore with various kinds of minerals such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, Ag-minerals and Cu–Zn–Fe–In–Sn–S minerals, quartz and sericite. Chalcopyrite and pyrite contain sphalerite star and sphalerite with chalcopyrite emulsions. Maximum indium contents of sphalerite and the Cu–Zn–Fe–In–Sn–S minerals are 1. 8 and 16. 3 wt%, respectively. The sulfur isotopic ratios, δ³⁴S of ore minerals, range from –12. 9 to –9. 6%. Formation temperatures of the sulfide minerals are estimated as 300–500°C, based on the paragenesis and chemical compositions of the minerals.     

广东阳春盆地多金属找矿潜力浅析

[摘要]阳春盆地是粤西地区主要的铜铅锌矿等多金属矿的矿集区,已知的铜铅锌锡银金矿床类 型种类较多,结合盆地强烈的构造运动、岩浆活动、变质作用,说明阳春盆地具有寻找铜铅锌锡银金的找 矿潜力。具有进一步寻找铜矿的潜力区域主要是断裂交汇部位的阳春黄坡一带的Cu 异常区及那软地 区,以夕卡岩型为主;铅锌矿床主要产于泥盆系地层中,具有铅锌找矿潜力的重点应放在盆地边缘;盆地 及周边的银异常环状连续分布,异常强度高,据了解该区域以往未开展过银矿调查评价工作,具有较大 的找矿潜力。本文通过对研究区地层、构造、岩浆岩与成矿关系总结的基础上,探索该区成矿规律,初步 建立了找矿模型,综合前人的研究成果,在阳春盆地及周边筛选了捞虾田-山塘角铜(钼)铅锌(银)找矿 潜力区、铁屎迳铅锌(铜银)找矿潜力区、高基-荔枝山铅锌(铜银) 找矿潜力区、大坑铜找矿潜力区等四 个有较大潜力的找矿区域,为该区进一步开展地质找矿工作明确了方向。     

昂青矿区多金属矿床成因及找矿远景

昂青矿区位于昌都—芒康成矿带的玉龙—多霞松多铜钼金银多金属找矿靶区,是川西藏东三江地区最具经济价值的矿集区之一。通过多种分析研究手段,对矿区进行详查,研究矿床成矿作用,探讨矿床成因,对查明矿区主矿体空间展布形态及特征有重要意义。     

祁漫塔格地区铁多金属矿床成矿特征及成因探讨

祁漫塔格地处东昆仑造山带西段,该区建造组成丰富,断裂构造发育,断层构造以北西西走向为主,华力西-印支造山旋回中酸性侵入岩浆活动强烈.在综述祁漫塔格地区成矿地质背景基础上,通过对区内肯德可克铁钴铋金矿床、野马泉铁锌矿床和迪木那里克典型铁矿床地质特征分析,并以肯德可克矿床为例,对比了不同成因类型铁矿床中磁铁矿的化学成分组成...     

四川青川县青溪铜钼多金属成矿带成矿地质特征

四川省青川县青溪铜多金属成矿带含矿岩系为前震旦通木梁群细碧—石英角斑岩系,具有"上酸下基"的双峰式特点。通过对区域大地构造演化背景、矿区含矿火山岩层序、岩浆活动、后期构造运动等控矿因素与矿床形成的关系,结合已知矿床、矿点的原生晕地球化学特点、成矿条件及成矿规律等研究,并与国际、国内典型块状硫化物矿床的特点进行对比,认为青溪铜多金属成矿带矿床属于"多因复成"的矿床。     

大洋多金属结核资源评价的基本理论与方法

根据大量工作实践和研究,系统扼要地介绍了大洋多金属结核资源评价的基本概念、理论基础、评价方法及国内外概况;论述了多元统计分析 (聚类分析、因子分析、趋势面分析 )、地质统计学 (克立格法 )、神经元网络分析进行多金属结核资源评价的方法原理;以及实现矿区边界指标-资源量-面积动态分析的《大洋多金属结核资源动态评价系统》软件开发简介.     

Resource Evaluation and Some Genetic Aspects of Indium in the Japanese Ore Deposits

Abstract. There have been two primary sources for industrial indium; one from massive sulfides, while the other is dissemination-veins and skarns, related to felsic igneous rocks. The latter group of the In-bearing deposits is abundant in the Japanese Islands. Indium occurs as In-minerals such as sakuraiite, roquesite, laforetite and many unidentified minerals, but the majority is contained as an impurity in sphalerite, and tin and copper sulfides. Average grades of the ores from which indium has been extracted vary from a few ppm (e.g., Kosaka mine) to more than 300 ppm (Toyoha mine). The amount of indium in all the major basemetal deposits is estimated by analyzing representative samples. The main indium deposits are subvolcanic and tin-poly-metallic vein types. The largest one is Toyoha mine (4,700 tons hi) and the Ashio mine (ca. 1,200 tons In) was found to be the second largest. Many small occurrences, were recognized in the Miocene magnetite-series belt, besides the classic occurrences in the ilmenite-series granitic terrains of SW Japan, including the Ikuno and Akenobe tin(-tungsten) polymetallic veins, located in the northern margin of the late Cretaceous Sanyo ilmenite-series province. Magnetite-series magmas with deep source are necessary to concentrate sulfur in the magma chamber but sedimentary source rocks and their reducing agents are needed to collect and to precipitate indium. The Japanese islands are essentially accretionary terrains intruded by various deep oxidized magmas; thus forming magnetite/ilmenite-series paired belts, which are sometimes mixed. This unique geologic setting may be the most fundamental reason why indium is rich in vein-type deposits of the Japanese Island arcs.     

Resource Evaluation of Indium in the Dajing Tin-Polymetallic Deposits, Inner Mongolia, China

Individual ores of 37 specimens and five mill concentrates were analyzed chemically, and anomalous indium contents were detected in the tin‐polymetallic veins of the Dajing mine. The indium contents are heterogenously distributed (0.5–296 ppm In), and are low generally in the ores of the East Block. Indium is mainly correlated with copper, partly with zinc in the Dajing deposits, implying that the element is substituted in copper and zinc sulfides and sulfosalts. The total indium content is expected as >768 tons, which is lower than a previous estimation of this mine. The whole tonnage of the southern part of the Da Hinggang Mountains is >1200 tons In, which is the second largest in China after the tin‐polymetallic deposits in the southern China.     

湖南大义山地区锡多金属矿成矿模式初探

大义山地区处于华南褶皱带南岭成矿构造带中段北缘.郴州-邵阳NW向隐伏基底断裂带与阳明山-大义山.上堡EW向基底断隆带在此区域交汇.区内锡矿主要受岩浆岩、构造、地层等因素联合控制.矿化以大义山岩体为中心分为内、外两个矿化带:内带主要为云英岩脉型、蚀变花岗岩体型锡矿;外带主要为矽卡岩型锡铜多金属矿、裂隙充填交代型、石英脉型锡铜多金属矿等.内接触带围岩蚀变主要为云英岩化、钾化、硅化、绢云母化等,正接触带主要为矽卡岩化,外接触带主要为大理岩化、绿泥石化、角岩化和矽卡岩化.成矿物质主要来源于岩体,外接触带有部分地层中的物质参与成矿.矿床成因类型为岩浆期后热液充填交代型.     

苏南铜多金属矿床成矿机理及成矿模式

江苏南部内生产资源丰富、品种较为齐全、区域分布特点明显。铜、多金属矿床在空间展布上可分为２个成矿区和４个成矿亚区。主要矿床类型有矽卡岩型、热液（火山热液）型和沉积发行型。在综合研究不同矿床类型成矿模式的基础上,建立起“宁芜－溧水式”、“苏州式”３个区域性成矿模式,进而初步建立“苏南地区铜、多金属矿床综合成矿模式”。     

澳大利亚布朗斯(Browns)Co-Cu-Ni多金属矿床地球化学特征及与中国南方黑色岩系金属矿床对比

黑色岩系中金属元素地球化学特征一直是矿床地质研究的重点.澳大利亚布朗斯Co-Cu-Ni多金属矿产于古元古代黑色岩系中,属典型的层控矿床;该矿床中主要成矿元素为Co、Cu、Ni和Pb,矿化分带不明显,蚀变微弱.δ34S均值范围为-5.21‰～14.78‰,估计生物成因的硫占一定比例,后期有细菌还原硫酸盐成因的高硫同位素组...     

非洲中南部铜多金属矿床研究现状及找矿潜力分析

非洲中南部地区的铜资源主要分布在赞比亚、刚果(金)和南非等12个国家,笔者根据非洲陆壳的形成、后期新元古代泛非运动及古生代—新生代的沉积作用等影响,将除非洲大陆西北缘,从摩洛哥到突尼斯的阿特拉斯山脉以外的非洲大陆划分为Ⅰ级构造单元;以新元古代泛非运动作为标志将非洲陆块划分为西非克拉通、东北非克拉通、中非克拉通、南非克拉通和泛非构造带5个Ⅱ级构造单元;将中南部非洲地区划分为28个Ⅲ级构造单元。在此基础上,笔者将非洲大陆划分为Ⅰ级成矿域,中南部非洲划分为南非克拉通金-铁-锰-铬-镍-铀-金刚石成矿省、中非克拉通金-铜-铁-钨-锡-铌-钽-金刚石成矿省和泛非构造带成矿省3个Ⅱ级成矿省及32个Ⅲ级成矿区(带),其中12个成矿区(带)与铜矿床有关。从地质特征及矿床成因方面对主要成矿区(带)中代表性的沉积变质-改造型铜钴矿床、与镁铁—超镁铁岩侵入体有关的铜镍矿床、与绿岩带有关的铜矿床、与碳酸岩体有关的铜矿床和与灰岩有关的铜多金属矿床进行了系统的总结。在缺乏重点地区物化探资料的条件下,笔者根据非洲中南部铜资源分布的国家、构造单元的划分、成矿区(带)的划分及代表性矿床特征,将非洲中南部地区初步划分为5个铜多金属矿找矿潜力区,并进行了初步的找矿潜力分析。     

云南万龙山锡锌多金属矿床主要金属矿物特征及成因意义

万龙山锡锌多金属矿是著名的都龙锡矿田中的一个矿床,对万龙山矿区主要金属矿物锡石、闪锌矿和黄铜矿进行的矿物组分、矿物特征和电子探针结果的研究发现,锡石颜色较深是由于矿物含有较多的Fe所致,并与锡石的结晶温度呈正相关性,早阶段温度较高时结晶的锡石颜色较深,锥面发育,多呈粒状和短柱状,而较晚阶段结晶时温度有所降低,Fe离子进入晶格的机会下降,锡石颜色较浅,晶形的柱面发育,出现长柱状或针状晶形。闪锌矿具有较高的Fe含量,主要为铁闪锌矿;闪锌矿的Zn与Fe呈负相关性,表明二者在不同温度条件下具有线性替代关系;闪锌矿中富Fe、In,贫Cd、Ga,w（Zn）/w（Cd）值多为300~500,显示出中-高温成矿的特点;闪锌矿具有极高的w（In）/w（Ga）值且均大于1（平均114.71）,显然与岩浆作用有关。黄铜矿中S、Fe、Cu含量稳定,并且不含Ni、Se、Cd,显示中-高温岩浆热液的特点;在闪锌矿中呈固溶体出溶物的黄铜矿和交代闪锌矿的黄铜矿共存,说明黄铜矿的形成经过了不同的温度变化。万龙山锡锌多金属矿与岩浆活动的中-高温流体有关,矿床为与燕山晚期岩浆作用有关的矽卡岩-热液型锌锡多金属矿床。     

云南斑岩型多金属金矿的嵌布特征及赋存状态研究

云南西部有大量低品位金矿资源,且具有嵌布粒度不均匀、矿石结构复杂、解离不完全等特点,传统工艺矿物学分析不易快速、准确测定金赋存状态及载金矿物的嵌布特征。本文利用矿物自动分析系统(MLA)、化学分析等方法对滇西多金属金矿进行系统的工艺矿物学研究,查明了该矿的矿物组成、嵌布粒度、连生及包裹关系,同时阐明了载金矿物的工艺矿物学性质对金回收率的影响。结果表明:金主要以游离态自然金的形式存在,嵌布粒度极细,主要集中在0.01~0.02 mm粒度级别;小于0.074 mm粒级的金占原矿总金量的50.08%,其余金以微细包裹体分散于黄铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铜矿等载金矿物中。但载金矿物粒度较细,解离性差,嵌布不均匀,因此提高载金矿物解离度是提高金回收率的一个重要参考方向。     

赤峰市召胡都格地区铜多金属成矿特征和成矿条件研究

研究区位于大兴安岭中南段铜多金属成矿集中带。其成矿与燕山中晚期潜火山岩侵入体有成因联系。成矿时代为273~120 Ma,以晚侏罗世-早白垩世为主,矿床成因类型多为热液浸染型。通过对成矿地质特征与成矿条件分析与研究,对区域矿产特征进行详细论述,且建立成矿模型。研究表明,研究区成矿具有时空性与深源性,具有较好的矿化蚀变;北东向破碎带提供了导矿构造且主构造次级构造裂隙、及多组构造裂隙交汇处为容矿构造;火山热液是使地壳中的成矿物质发生活化、运移、富集的成矿介质。研究结果认为区域内有较好的成矿潜力。     

华南地区中生代多金属矿床形成与地幔柱关系

华南地区中生代多金属矿床形成与地幔柱关系毛景文李红艳王登红彭聪（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所,北京１０００３７）关键词多金属矿床地幔柱构造华南地区在华南地区,中生代有大量花岗质岩浆的侵位和成矿,形成了以柿竹园钨多金属矿床、大厂和个旧超大型锡多金属矿床...     

四川省巴塘县措普一带多金属成矿条件分析

义敦印支岛弧褶皱带地质构造演化复杂,岩浆活动十分活跃,成矿地质地球化学条件优越,金、银、铜、铅、锌、锡等金属矿产资源丰富。西南三江为有色、贵金属资源富集区,义敦为花岗岩型锡-银多金属矿集区。根据区域成矿环境及研究区成矿条件分析,找矿潜力巨大,有望取得找矿突破。     

湘西北镍钼多金属矿床的元素组合及微量元素地球化学

湘西北镍钼多金属矿床富集了多种元素，形成一个以Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｂａ、Ｖ、Ｐ为主的特殊元素组合；微量元素Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｂａ等成１０＾１￣１０＾３倍富集，它们的地球化学特征表明，这类矿床属海底喷气沉积矿床，这组特殊元素来源和富集，与海底喷流作用有关。     

内蒙古中西部钼多金属矿床地质特征及其动力学背景

本文首次对内蒙古中西部白乃庙铜-钼-金矿床、大苏计钼矿床、西沙德盖钼矿床、柳坝沟金-钼矿床、哈达门沟金-钼矿床、查干花钼-钨矿床和流沙山钼-金矿床的产出环境、地质特征、成因类型和时空分布特点进行了简要总结,对成矿作用与构造-岩浆活动的关系进行了概略性论述。柳坝沟、哈达门沟和白乃庙矿床均在前寒武纪变质岩地层中产出,大苏计、查干花、西沙德盖和流沙山矿床直接产于海西-印支期中酸性侵入岩中,尽管上述矿床在产出环境和地理位置上存在有一定差别,但是它们均与花岗岩类侵入岩体(或岩脉)具有密切的空间分布关系,属与中酸性侵入岩有关的钼多金属矿床。另外,根据矿床(点)的空间分布特点,可划分出5个钼多金属矿化集中区:即大苏计-明星沟钼矿化集中区、白乃庙-谷那乌苏铜-钼-金矿化集中区、哈达门沟-沙德盖金-钼矿化集中区、马尼图-查干花钼-铋-钨矿化集中区和流沙山-黑鹰山钼-金-铁矿化集中区。研究结果表明,成矿作用与板块消减、碰撞和缝合过程中所诱发的构造-岩浆事件密切相关,是地壳特定演化阶段构造-岩浆活动的产物。