江西省金山金矿有机流体与金矿关系

对江西省金山金矿流体包裹体研究表明,矿区发育的包裹体有：①气－液两相盐水溶液包裹体,占包裹体总量８０％～８５％;②纯有机烃类包裹体,占包裹体总量１０％～１５％;③含盐类子矿物多相包裹体,占包裹体总量１％左右;④纯ＣＯ２包裹体（含液态ＣＯ２三相包裹体）,占包裹体总量１％以下。流体时空演化表明,成矿前深大断裂引发深部流体上侵,带来了深部的纯ＣＯ２流体和岩浆期后高盐度流体,伴随后期构造活动,大量向下循环的大气水,不仅温度升高,而且在水－岩交换过程中带来地层中的有机质。在对流体包裹体深入研究的基础上,对成矿流体种类、流体的时空演化,特别是有机流体在成矿中的作用等进行了有益的探索     

Alteration and mineralization styles of the orogenic disseminated Zhenyuan gold deposit,southeastern Tibet: Contrast with carlin gold deposit

Orogenic disseminated and Carlin gold deposits share much similarity in alteration and mineralization.The disseminated orogenic Zhenyuan Au deposit along the Ailaoshan shear zone,southeastern Tibet,was selected to clarify their difference.The alteration and mineralization from the different lithologies,including meta-quartz sandstone,carbonaceous slate,meta-(ultra)mafic rock,quartz porphyry and lamprophyre were researched.According to the mineral assemblage and replacement relationship in all types of host rocks,two reactions show general control on gold deposition:(1)replacement of earlier magnetite by pyrite and carbonaceous material;(2)alteration of biotite and phlogopite phenocrysts in quartz porphyry and lamprophyre into dolomite/ankerite and sericite.Despite the lamprophyre is volumetrically minor and much less fractured than other host rocks,it contains a large portion of Au reserve,indicating that the chemically active lithology has played a more important role in gold precipitation compared to structure.LA-ICP-MS analysis shows that Au mainly occurs as invisible gold in fine-grained pyrite disseminated in the host rocks,with Au content reaching to 258.95 ppm.The diagenetic core of pyrite in meta-quartz sandstone enriched in Co,Ni,Mo,Ag and Hg is wrapped by hydrothermal pyrite enriched in Cu,As,Sb,Au,Tl,Pb and Bi.Different host rock lithology has much impact on the alteration and mineralization features.Carbonate and sericite in altered lamprophyre show they have higher Mg than those developed in other of host rocks denoting that the carbonate and sericite incorporated Mg from phlogopite phenocrysts in the primary lamprophyre during alteration.The ore fluid activated the diagenetic pyrite in meta-quartz sandstone leading the hydrothermal pyrite enriched in Cu,Mo,Ag,Sb,Te,Hg,Tl,Pb and Bi,but the hydrothermal pyrite in meta-(ultra)mafic rock is enriched in Co and Ni as the meta-(ultra)mafic rock host rock contain high content of Co and Ni.However,Au and As shear similar range in both types of host rocks indicating that these two elements most likely come from the deep source fluid rather than the host rocks.It was shown in the disseminated orogenic gold deposit that similar hydrothermal alteration with mineral assemblage of carbonate(mainly dolomite and ankerite),sericite,pyrite and arsenopyrite develops in all types of host rocks.This is different from the Nevada Carlin type,in which alteration is mainly dissolution and silicification of carbonate host rock.On the other hand,Au mainly occur as invisible gold in both disseminated orogenic and Carlin gold deposits.     

秦岭造山带金矿床类型与构造背景

独具特色的秦岭复合型大陆造山带位于中国南北大陆中央,由古生代盆－岛兼杂的小型陆块及其南北缝合构造带组成,并与华北和扬子大陆碰撞镶嵌,中一新生代陆内造山形成山盆耦合,构成独特的地质构造格局,造成了闻名于世的秦岭成矿带,形成贵金属,有色与黑色金属为特色的丰富矿产资源,根据秦岭造山带的组成与结构,阐述本区造山－成矿作用机制下在不同构造单元中形成的复杂的金矿床类型,分析了秦岭造山带金矿类型产出的地质背景,分布规律及成矿潜力。     

新疆马热勒铁金矿床特征及其流体成矿作用

马热勒铁金矿床产于中泥盆统北塔山组安山岩和安山质凝灰岩间的韧性剪切带中.矿体呈脉状,主要为蚀变岩和含金石英脉.矿石由黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、黝铜矿、自然金、银金矿、毒砂、辉铋矿、磁铁矿、石英、绢云母、绿泥石、方解石等矿物组成,围岩蚀变有硅化、碳酸盐化、黄铁矿化和绢云母化.金矿成矿主要经历黄铁矿-石英-金、石英-金属硫化物-金、石英-碳酸盐-金三个阶段.成矿物质主要来源于中泥盆统北塔山组含金建造.流体包裹体研究显示,成矿温度为160℃~280℃,成矿压力为(73.4~121.9)×105Pa,成矿时成矿流体pH为4.20~5.01,呈酸性,Eh为-0.66~-0.45eV,属还原环境;流体为Na+-Ca2+-HCO3--Cl-型体系和Na+-Ca2+-HCO3--SO42--Cl-型体系的酸性-弱酸性流体,流体中成矿物质金主要以[AuCl2]-、[Au(HS)2]0等络合物形式存在并运移;流体的溶液来自岩石建造水、古大气降水及变质水组成的混合水.区域构造应力作用、成矿流体环境物理化学条件的改变、古大气水不断加入、成矿流体与围岩的蚀变反应等引起成矿流体周围一系列环境物理化学条件的变化,是马热勒铁金矿床成矿的关键.     

Metallogenic age and genesis of Jinshan gold deposit, Jiangxi Province, China

The Jinshan gold deposit consists of gold-bearing ultramylonite and gold-bearing quartz vein ores.The Rb-Sr isochron age of fluid inclusions in quartz from quartz veins is the same as that of the gold-bearing ultramylonite,suggesting that both the types of ordbodies were fored simultaneously in the Caledonian Period,in the range 406-409Ma,REE patterns and sulfur,lead,carbon.hydrogen and oxygen isotopy data,as well as the composition of fluid inclusion.have shown that the ore-forming fluids were derived from formation water,and the ore-froming materials came from the gold-hosed rocks.The Jinshan gold deposit occurring in a Caledonian brittle-ductile zone in metamorphosed microclastic rocks owes its orgin to Caledonian reworking processes.     

哀牢山造山带金矿成矿时序及其动力学背景探讨

哀牢山金矿带是我国最重要的喜马拉雅期造山型金矿带,形成于三江特提斯复合造山过程中。论文基于对哀牢山造山带金矿成矿作用的同位素定年结果,探讨了成矿年代学与构造-热事件的关系,厘定了其相关的地球动力学背景。已获得的最老成矿年龄集中于海西期,但过剩氩的存在导致视年龄值偏离真实成矿年龄,而最小视年龄(345.2±16Ma)与区域蛇绿岩的形成同时;含镍金黄铁矿硅质岩的含金量可能与热水沉积有关,其地球动力学环境对应于海底扩张和初始洋盆的形成。印支期是区域主碰撞造山高峰期,也是大规模岩浆活动与Cu-Ni-Pt-Pd硫化物矿床、VMS型Cu-Pb-Zn矿床及斑岩型Cu-Au矿床成矿集中期,其中老王寨金矿含金黄铁矿的Re-Os等时线年龄为229±38Ma。燕山期成矿年龄数据分散于180Ma、135Ma、110Ma和90Ma左右等多个时段,其中最晚时段年龄谱的最小视年龄值(91±1Ma)可能代表了一次较为重要的构造动力体制转换,该期(约90~70Ma)的区域成岩成矿(斑岩及斑岩型Cu-Mo-W-Au矿床)规模较大,表明增生造山→碰撞造山构造体制转换在研究区存在重要的成岩成矿响应。喜马拉雅期可能经历了早(63.09~61.55Ma)、主(36.10~33.76Ma)和晚(30.80~26.40Ma)三期金矿成矿-热事件,分别受控于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞早期的强烈汇聚挤压、早-晚期转换构造动力学体制,并可能受青藏高原物质东向逃逸和软流圈脉动隆起的联合制约,金矿大规模成矿作用与构造动力体制转换过程中的壳幔物质强烈交换与构造变形密切相关。     

新疆伊宁金山金矿床金的赋存状态

新疆伊宁金山大型金矿床为一典型的浅成低温热液型金矿床。利用显微镜观察、电子探针扫描、物相分析、化学分析等综合分析技术对金矿石中金的赋存状态进行了研究。结果表明,金主要以独立矿物相存在,金的载体矿物主要为黄铁矿、石英和褐铁矿。金矿物以自然金为主(成色为969.6~997.8),含银自然金、银金矿较少。金的嵌布类型有粒间金、包裹金、裂隙金和连生金4种。矿石中自然金的粒度主要以显微微粒金(0.01~0.005mm)为主(约占60%),其次是显微极微粒金(0.005~0.0002mm)(约占26.6%)。尽管显微中粒-细粒金数量不太多,但它对矿石品位和储量来说是重要的。     

金山金矿床成矿时代及矿床成因

金山金矿床由含金糜棱岩及含金石英脉型矿石组成。矿石的石英流体包裹体Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时代年龄测定结果为４０６￣４０９Ｍａ,这两种类型矿石的年龄在测定误差范围内基本一致,属于加里东期成矿。稀土元素分布模式、Ｓ、Ｐｂ及区同位素特征,成矿流体成分资料都说明这两种类型矿石的成矿物质均来自地层,成矿流体属于地层中的建造水及大气降水,矿床应为产于加里东期脆韧剪切带中由改造作用形成的变质细碎屑岩型金矿床。     

胶东大尹格庄金矿碳酸盐矿物的特征、物源及其在金成矿过程中的作用

胶东金矿的成因研究一直是矿床学研究的热点, 其中金的物质来源与活化、沉淀机制是最受关注的问题之一。大尹格庄金矿位于胶西北地区的招平断裂带中段, 是区内典型的超大型破碎蚀变岩型金矿, 以存在大量碳酸盐脉而有别于区内其他金矿床, 这些热液成因的碳酸盐脉对该矿区Au成矿具有重要作用, 因而是破解胶东巨量Au物质来源和成矿机制的良好对象。本研究通过细致的岩相学观察, 发现大尹格庄金矿中的碳酸盐矿物主要包括菱铁矿和方解石, 以脉状、浸染状存在于黄铁绢英岩型矿石中, 其中部分菱铁矿与黄铁矿等金属硫化物共生, 其他菱铁矿则与石英共生, 方解石则呈浸染状和脉状两种形式产出, 菱铁矿和方解石均为热液型碳酸盐矿物。扫描电子显微镜研究表明, 在菱铁矿和方解石中均发现有金矿物的存在。Au含量分析结果表明, 菱铁矿和方解石是大尹格庄金矿的重要载金矿物, 形成于成矿作用的主要阶段。碳酸盐矿物原位微区稀土元素数据也显示出热液型碳酸盐矿物的特征; 同位素地球化学数据显示大尹格庄金矿中碳酸盐矿物与胶东地区前寒武纪变质基底中的大理岩明显不同。C-O同位素分析显示, 大尹格庄金矿中菱铁矿的δ¹³C_PDB为-5.12‰~-4.82‰, δ¹⁸O_SMOW为12.13‰~12.80‰, 具有明显的幔源特征; 而方解石δ¹³C_PDB为-0.64‰, δ¹⁸O_SMOW为6.21‰, 显示出幔源流体在上升过程中受到了一定程度的围岩的影响。金矿中菱铁矿显示轻稀土相对亏损, 重稀土相对富集, 有轻微的负Eu异常, (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i为0.709842~0.710087, ε_Nd(t)为-18.5~-17.1;方解石的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i为0.710861, ε_Nd(t)为-12.7, 指示形成碳酸盐矿物的CO₂流体可能来自于幔源的基性岩浆。结合胶东以及整个华北克拉通中生代地质演化, 本文认为胶东巨量金可能来自于富集的岩石圈地幔, 成矿物质随这些幔源基性岩浆的活动沿断层等壳内软弱面向上运移, 而CO₂流体在这个过程中起到了促进作用, 并随含金流体最终运移至地壳浅部发生金成矿作用。

     

南秦岭夏家店卡林型金矿床构造特征与成矿关系

从地质背景、矿床地质、控矿构造分析了夏家店金矿床特征及其形成过程及成矿机理;矿床产于南秦岭陡岭古隆起边缘寒武系-震旦系碳-泥-硅质板岩及白云岩中;控矿构造具有二次韧性剪切变形、二次构造角砾岩化及二次脉体矿化的特征,显示出式样多种、性质多样、形式多变、活动期次与阶段多次叠加的特点;具体阐述了各构造作用阶段与矿化蚀变之间的关系,建立了地层建造-剪切与张裂构造-热液渗流的成矿系统.属于沉积岩系、构造、热液活动3种地质作用叠加改造的卡林型金矿床.     

Timing and mechanism of gold mineralization at the Wang'ershan gold deposit,Jiaodong Peninsula,eastern China

The Wang'ershan gold deposit, located in the southern Jiaojia goldfield, is currently the largest gold deposit hosted within the subsidiary faults in Jiaodong Peninsula, with a gold reserve of > 60 t gold at a grade of 4.07 g/t Au. It is hosted in the Late Jurassic Linglong biotite granites and controlled by the second-order, N- to NNE-trending Wang'ershan Fault (and its subsidiary faults) which is broadly parallel to the first-order Jiaojia Fault in the goldfield. Gold mineralization occurs as both disseminated- and stockwork-style and quartz–sulfide vein-style ores, mainly within altered cataclasites and breccias, and sericite–quartz and potassic alteration zones, respectively. Mineralization stages can be divided into (1) the pyrite–quartz–sericite stage, (2) the quartz–pyrite stage, (3) the quartz–sulfide stage, and (4) the quartz–carbonate stage.Two sericite samples associated with the main ore-stage pyrites from pyritic phyllic ores of the deposit with weighted mean plateau ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age of 120.7 ± 0.6 Ma and 119.2 ± 0.5 Ma, respectively, were selected for ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology. On the basis of petrography and microthermometry, three types of primary fluid inclusions related to the ore forming event were identified: type 1 H₂O–CO₂–NaCl, type 2 aqueous, and type 3 CO₂ fluid inclusions (in decreasing abundance). Stage 1 quartz contains all three primary fluid inclusions, while stages 2 and 3 quartz contain both type 1 and 2 inclusions, and stage 4 quartz contains only type 2 inclusions. The contemporaneous trapping, similar salinities and total homogenization temperature ranges, and different homogenization phases of type 1 and type 2 inclusions indicate that fluid immiscibility did take place in stages 1, 2 and 3 ores, with P–T conditions of 190 to 85 MPa and 334 to 300 °C for stage 1 and 200 to 40 MPa and 288 to 230 °C for stages 2 and 3. Combined with the H–O–C–S–Pb isotopic compositions, ore-forming fluids may have a metamorphic-dominant mixed source, which could be associated with the dehydration and decarbonisation of a subducting paleo-Pacific plate and characterized by medium–high temperature (285–350 °C), CO₂-bearing (~ 8 mol%) with minor CH₄ (1–4% in carbonic phase), and low salinity (3.38–8.45 eq. wt.% NaCl). During mineralization, the fluid finally evolved into a medium–low temperature NaCl–H₂O system. Au(HS)₂⁻ was the most probable gold-transporting complex at Wang'ershan, due to the low temperature (157–350 °C) and near-neutral to weakly acidic ore fluids. The reaction between gold-bearing fluids and iron-bearing wall-rocks, and fluid-immiscibility processes caused via fluid–pressure cycling during seismic movement along fault zones that host lode-gold orebodies, which led to breakdown of Au(HS)₂⁻, are interpreted as the two main precipitation mechanisms of gold deposition.In general, the Wang'ershan deposit and other deposits in the Jiaojia camp have concordant structural system and wall-rock alteration assemblages, nature of orebodies and gold occurrence conditions, as well as the similar geochronology, ore-forming fluids system and stable isotope compositions. Thus gold mineralization in the Jiaojia goldfield was a large-scale unified event, with consistent timing, origin, process and mechanism.     

胶东大磨曲家金矿床岩石磁组构、构造变形与金矿化

在胶东地区招远-平度断裂带上的大磨曲家金矿区选取了典型的构造区域进行岩石磁组构研究。沿着断裂带在不同构造部位的36个采样点钻取了112个定向岩心样品,所有样品均沿勘探线布置。磁组构研究显示,研究区以弱磁性岩石为主,总体上,胶东群变质岩的磁化率值较高,而玲珑黑云母花岗岩的磁化率值较低,尤以碎裂程度高的强蚀变岩的磁化率值最低;磁化率各向异性方位主要为NE向挤压,磁组构所指示的构造应力场与大磨曲家矿区的区域挤压应力方向是相同的;对具不同程度矿化的81线的Au含量与80线磁组构各向异性度(P值)进行对比研究发现,P值与金品位呈负相关关系;弱矿化糜棱岩中的金矿化在磁面理发育的岩石中较为发育,成矿晚期,Au元素含量随着岩石磁性的减弱而增加,特别是在强应变后弛豫阶段矿液充填于相对张性的石英脉中Au含量最高。     

内蒙古特拜金矿流体包裹体特征与成矿作用

华北地台北缘西段是我国重要的金矿成矿区,目前为止已发现了浩尧尔忽洞、朱拉扎嘎、赛乌素、碱泉子、卡修他他等多个规模不等、不同成因的的金矿床,显示出较大的成矿潜力。特拜金矿是近年来在华北地台北缘西段新发现的一个中型金矿。为探索该金矿的成矿机制,本文对特拜金矿开展了矿床地质和流体性质研究。结果表明,特拜金矿-赋存于早古生代的碳质板岩、碳质千枚岩中。矿体展布受黑色岩系、NW向F2断裂带和NE向F8断裂带的共同控制。矿区周边出露华力西期特拜石英闪长岩和管材陶鲁盖花岗岩等岩浆岩。该金矿从早期成矿阶段到晚期成矿阶段,流体包裹体的均一温度从300℃~350℃逐渐降低到150℃~200℃,盐度从16wt%NaCleqv~20wt%NaCleqv逐渐降低到1wt%NaCleqv ~4wt%NaCleqv;流体的气相组成以CH4-N2-CO2为特征,δDV-SMOW为-91.6‰~-84.5‰,δ18OH2O为2.8‰~3.5‰之间,流体相对富集Ba、Pb、Sr等元素,相对亏损Rb、Th、Nb、Zr、Y、Yb等元素。成矿流体主要来源于岩浆期后热液,可能混合了少量的大气降水。成矿流体处于一种还原性、低温的环境下,金在流体中以Au(HS) 2- 络合物的形式迁移。流体向上运移过程中,因温度、压力的降低而发生不混溶现象,并导致金的沉淀。     

南秦岭汉阴金矿田长沟金矿陆内造山期构造-蚀变岩相填图与找矿模型

大比例尺矿田构造-蚀变岩相填图技术是矿田构造物理化学研究和整装勘查区综合研究中逐渐形成的一项新技术。通过对南秦岭石泉-旬阳金矿整装勘查区调研和大比例尺矿田构造填图示范,认为在矿田尺度实施1：25000构造-岩相填编图、在矿区尺度实施1：10000或1：5000构造-蚀变岩相填编图是可行有效的。南秦岭汉阴北部金矿田近十年来经过矿田构造-蚀变岩相填图和专题研究,找矿预测进展较大。其中,长沟金矿是近年矿田构造-蚀变岩相填图找矿和整装勘查区综合研究新发现的、受脆-韧性剪切带控制的蚀变岩型金矿床。长沟金矿床位于脆-韧性剪切带DSZ3(RF5)内。含矿岩性主要是下志留统梅子垭组糜棱岩化含黑云母变斑晶绢云母石英片岩和含石榴子石绢云母石英片岩。与成矿密切相关的蚀变主要有黑云母化、硅化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化。当黑云母变斑晶发育、石英脉密集发育,伴有黄铁矿化,且离构造破碎带80~150 m时,金矿化品位较高。成矿流体主要属中-低温、中-低盐度、低密度的NaCl-H2O-CO2体系,成矿压力为41.03~98.04 MPa,成矿深度为1.52~3.63 km。与成矿有关的花岗闪长岩脉和花岗细晶岩锆石LA-ICP-MS年龄为180.2±3.6~176.0±1.9 Ma。长沟矿区黑云母变斑晶化蚀变岩金矿石中黑云母40Ar-39Ar年龄为178.44±0.81 Ma,反等时线年龄为178.20±0.76 Ma。明确了该矿区蚀变岩成岩和金成矿时代为早侏罗世,成矿时代属于燕山期陆内。     

Magma mixing and gold mineralization in the Maevatanana gold deposit,Madagascar

The Maevatanana gold deposit in Madagascar is hosted by Archean metamorphic rocks in quartz–sulfide veins that are structurally controlled by NNW–SSE trending shear zones. Fluid inclusion data show that the trapping conditions in quartz range from 0.87 to 2.58 kbar at temperatures of 269–362 °C. Laser Raman spectroscopy confirms that these inclusions consist of CO₂, SO₂, and H₂O. The δ³⁴S values of the pyrites range from 1.7‰ to 3.6‰, with an average of 2.25‰, supporting a magmatic origin. Noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Ke, Xe) are chemically inert, thus will not be involved in chemical reactions during geological processes. Also due to the low concentration of He in the atmosphere and the low solubility of He in aqueous fluids, the atmosphere-derived He is unlikely to significantly affect He abundances and isotopic ratios of crustal fluids, ensures that He production should have the typical crust ³He/⁴He ratios. The ³He/⁴He ratios of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the deposit range from 0.06 to 0.12 Ra, while the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratios range from 6631 to 11441. We infer that the ore-forming fluids could have been exsolved from a granitic magma. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of the ore-forming fluids (1.5‰ ≤ δ¹⁸O_H2O ≤ 7.8‰; –72‰ ≤ δD ≤ –117‰) indicate they were derived from a granitic magma. Four pyrite samples from the gold deposit yield a precise Re–Os isochron age of 534 ± 13 Ma. Given that the post-collisional granites in northern and central Madagascar were derived by melting of sub-continental lithospheric mantle and formed between 537 and 522 Ma, we can state that the gold metallogenesis was coeval with the crystallization age of these parental magmas. These data could be accounted for the formation of the Maevatanana gold deposit. First, the shear zones hosting the deposit formed around 2.5 Ga, when the Madagascan micro-continental blocks collided with other continental blocks, triggering large-scale tectono-magmatic activity and forming NNW–SSE trending shear zones. The gold mineralization at Maevatanana is coeval with the crystallization age of the Cambrian post-collisional A-type granitoid plutons in northern and central Madagascar, implying that this deposit is associated with extensional collapse of the East African Orogen. This extension in turn induced asthenospheric upwelling, melting of sub-continental lithospheric mantle. These magmas underplated the lower crust, generating voluminous granitic magmas by partial melting of the lower crust. The mixing magma during tectono-thermal reactivation of the East African Orogen produced large volumes of volatiles that extracted gold from the granitic magma and produced Au–S complexes (e.g., Au(HSO₃)²⁻). The shear zones, which were then placed under extensional collapse of the East African Orogen in the Cambrian, formed favorable pathways for the magmatic ore-forming fluids. These fluids then precipitated gold-sulfides that form the Maevatanana gold deposit.     

The Hanshan gold deposit in the Caledonian North Qilian orogenic belt, NW China

The recently discovered Hanshan gold deposit in northern Gansu Province, northwestern China, is hosted by a WNW-striking shear zone in Ordovician andesite and basalt. Mineralization consists of surface to near-surface oxidized ore (the yellow sandy gossan type) and three types of primary ore, i.e. early-stage quartz-sericite-pyrite ores in stockworks, early-stage disseminated ore, and the most important late-stage quartz ± calcite-sulfide veins. The ore system is characterized by variable degrees of potassic and silicic alteration. Late-stage gold-related fluid inclusions have homogenization temperatures between 170 to 310 °C, with a peak around 260 °C and low salinities. The ore fluids had high contents of CO₂, CH₄, and N₂. Sulfur isotope measurements of −1.9 to +1.7 per mil for hydrothermal pyrites could be consistent with a hydrothermal fluid source from the mantle, but the oxygen and carbon isotope data from calcite and quartz suggest mixing between mantle and crustal fluid sources. K-Ar ages for hydrothermal sericite from ore zones are 213.9 ± 3.1 and 224.4 ± 3.2 Ma. Due to the arid Cenozoic climate, a yellow gold-bearing gossan developed, which consists of jarosite, gypsum, and relict quartz. It could be a widespread and useful prospecting guide for gold in northwestern China. Received: 1 February 1999 / Accepted: 1 August 1999     

山东玲珑金矿流体包裹体地球化学特征

玲珑金矿位于胶东半岛招．掖成矿带东部,是我国典型的超大型含金石英脉型金矿。成矿过程可划分为早、中、晚三个阶段,金主要在中阶段沉淀。早阶段流体包裹体为纯CO2型（LCO2＋VCO2〉90％）和富CO2型（10％≤LCO2＋VCO2≤90％）,中阶段为纯CO2型、富CO2型、富H2O型,晚阶段为水溶液包裹体。从早到晚,包裹体均一温度分别集中在240℃～360℃、220℃-360℃、180℃-260℃和80℃-180℃,盐度分别集中在3．4％-10．4％、3．0％-10．2％、4．0％-14．6％和2．4％-5．0％NaCleqv;早、中阶段流体盐度随温度降低而升高。中阶段第一世代石英中大量水溶液包裹体和富CO2包裹体共生,指示流体强烈沸腾。从早到晚,流体包裹体的变化记录了成矿流体性质和构造环境的演化。早阶段石英中沿X型节理发育面型包裹体群,既记录了石英脉遭受的剪切变形事件,又记录了同构造流体作用。而充填于张性裂隙的黄铁矿为主的多金属硫化物．石英组合则表明主成矿期构造环境由压性向张性转化,成矿流体系统减压沸腾、逐步开放,并导致金等成矿物质大量沉淀。结合区域构造演化和成矿时间,认为玲珑金矿成矿系统发育在应力场由挤压向伸展转换的构造背景,流体压力变化滞后于构造应力场变化,流体成分以低盐度、富CO2为特征,应属典型的造山型金矿系统。