螺旋藻制取叶绿素铜钠盐

用乙醇提取螺旋藻中的叶绿素,再用５％ＮａＯＨ溶液皂化,石油醚萃取,在酸性环境中用１０％ＣｕＳＯ４溶液实现铜镁置换,沉淀物经丙酮溶解后,加２％ＮａＯＨ的乙醇溶液成盐,过滤,水洗,真空干燥,制成叶绿素铜钠盐。制品的质量达到ＧＢ３２６２－８２的要求。提取率为６４．７％,制品得率占藻粉１．１％,着重对铜镁置换的条件,制品耐酸、耐热、耐光等性能进行了对比试验,结果表明整个工艺是切实可行的。     

LED光照对螺旋藻生长及锌富集的影响

采用LED光照技术研究光照波长、照度和光照时间对螺旋藻生长及锌生物富集作用的影响。结果表明,不同波长LED光照下螺旋藻生物量增长的顺序为红光(655~665 nm)蓝光(465~475 nm)绿光(522~532 nm)黄光(570~580 nm),与对照组比,光照14 d生物量增加为红光组13.97%,蓝光组10.12%,绿光组1.44%,黄光组则减少2.88%;不同波长LED光照对螺旋藻锌富集作用的影响顺序为黄光绿光蓝光红光,实验8 d螺旋藻锌含量趋于稳定,与对照组比,黄光组增加43.73%,绿光组增加23.98%,蓝光组增加14.29%,红光组增加9.04%。以LED红光做光源,在照度0~10 000 lx范围内,螺旋藻生物量与照度成正相关;在照度0~8 000 lx范围内,螺旋藻锌含量与照度正相关;在光照时间0~6 h内,螺旋藻生物量和锌含量均随LED红光光照时间增加而增大。     

螺旋藻对乌鬃鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和肌肉营养的影响

选取1 日龄乌鬃鹅300 只,随机分成5 组,对照组（A）用基础饲粮饲养,实验组B～E 组分别在基础饲粮中添加质量分数1%（B 组）、2%（C 组）、3%（D 组）、4%（E 组）的螺旋藻,实验期63 d.结果表明：与对照组相比,添加螺旋藻对乌鬃鹅的屠宰率、半净膛率、腹脂率和肌肉灰分无显著影响（P〉0.05）,对其它生长指标和全净膛率均有显著性影响（P〈0.05）,其中2%C 组和3% D 组的料重比显著下降（P〈0.05）, E 组全净膛率显著提高（P〈0.05）;肌肉的粗蛋白质（CP）含量E〉D〉C〉B〉A,粗脂肪（EE）含量E〉A〉B〉C〉D;所测得的17 种氨基酸中,包括含有人体必需的7 种氨基酸（EAA）和2 种半必需氨基酸（HEAA）;氨基酸评分（AAS）和化学评分（CS）最高的是赖氨酸（Lys）,实验组的必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）均比对照组有所提高.添加2%～3%（w）的螺旋藻对生长性能有显著差异（P〈0.05）,对粗脂肪、粗蛋白的含量有所改善;从肌肉EAAI 来看,添加螺旋藻后的肌肉蛋白质品质优于不添加螺旋藻的对照组.建议饲粮中螺旋藻的添加量为质量分数2%.     

温度、照度和接种量对钝顶螺旋藻去除酒精废水氮和磷的影响

【目的】确定钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)最大程度去除酒精废水中氮、磷的最佳温度、照度和接种量。【方法】通过单因子实验与正交实验研究不同温度、照度和接种量对钝顶螺旋藻去除酒精废水中氮、磷的效果。【结果】单因子实验结果显示,不同温度、照度和接种量对钝顶螺旋藻去除酒精废水中的氮、磷有显著影响(P <0.05)。温度为30℃时,钝顶螺旋藻对酒精废水中总氮和总磷的去除率平均值最高,分别为38.0%和59.0%;照度为3000lx时,钝顶螺旋藻对酒精废水中总氮和总磷的去除率平均值最高,分别为40.9%和60.4%;接种量为(培养基的)50%时,钝顶螺旋藻对酒精废水中总氮的去除率平均值最高,为43.6%;接种量为30%时,钝顶螺旋藻对酒精废水中总磷的去除率平均值达到最高,为62.7%。正交实验结果显示,温度是影响钝顶螺旋藻去除酒精废水中氮、磷的最主要因素。温度30℃、照度2 500～3 000 lx、接种量20%为钝顶螺旋藻去除酒精废水氮和磷的最优组合条件。【结论】适宜的温度、照度和接种量可有效提高酒精废水中氮、磷的去除率。     

沸石深加工制取肥料增效剂

沸石经深加工、处理制取肥料增效剂，对于提高氮肥、尿素利用率有独特功效。经小面积多品种作物农田应用，大面积多品种肥料混施试验，获得成功。具有少投入、多产出、工艺简便的特点。     

神经网络法反演海水叶绿素浓度的分析

海洋水色遥感的最终目的之一是监测海洋初级生产力的时空变化,而反映海洋初级生产力的一个重要指标就是浮游植物中的叶绿素浓度[1]。对于海水叶绿素浓度的遥感反演研究工作至今已进行了30多年,方法主要是基于蓝-绿波段比值的经验统计法。近些年,随着水色遥感器的改进及数据处理方法的深入研究,提出了荧光高度法[2]和神经网络法[3-5]。本文基于SeaBAM(SeaWiFSBio-OpticalAlgorithmMini-Workshop)小组搜集的全球范围叶绿素浓度与离水辐射率的同步观测数据,利用神经网络方法反演海水叶绿素浓度,并将其结果与SeaBAM经验算法进行了比较及分析。     

未来能源──氢及其制取工艺

叙述了氢及其同位素的性质，提出了几种制氢的方案，并通过电解水制氢和在切割上代替氧（乙炔的应用取得的成果，为氢取代矿物燃料而走进家庭的研究打下基础。氢可储存，氢也可在交通上作为燃料，并且没有污染，是未来的重要能源之一。     

原子吸收测定铜精粉中铜的含量

铜精粉中铜的含量一般在30%左右,其中碘量法被列为铜精矿测定铜的国家标准方法,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜普遍应用于低含量铜的测定,测定范围一般为0.001%～5%,该文通过王水分解样品,分取稀释,在2%的盐酸介质中,用高浓度标准系列原子吸收快速测定铜精粉中铜的含量,该法简便快速,选择性好,准确度高。     

Size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass in autumn of the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and its adjacent waters after the Three Gorges Dam construction

A cruise was undertaken from 3rd to 8th November 2004 in Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and its adjacent waters to investigate the spatial biomass distribution and size composition of phytoplankton. Chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） concentration ranged 0.42-1.17 μg L^-1 and 0.41-10.43 μg L^-1 inside and outside the river mouth, with the mean value 0.73 μg L^-1 and 1.86 μg L^-1, respectively. Compared with the Chl-a concentration in summer of 2004, the mean value was much lower inside, and a little higher outside the river mouth. The maximal Chl-a was 10.43 μg L^-1 at station 18 （122.67°E, 31.25°N）, and the region of high Chl-a concentration was observed in the central survey area between 122.5°E and 123.0°E. In the stations located east of 122.5°E, Chl-a concentration was generally high in the upper layers above 5 m due to water stratification. In the survey area, the average Chl-a in sizes of 〉20 μm and 〈20 μm was 0.28 μg L^-1 and 1.40 μg L^-1, respectively. High Chl-a concentration of 〈20 μm size-fraction indicated that the nanophytoplankton and picophytoplankton contributed the most to the biomass of phytoplankton. Skeletonema costatum, Prorocentrum micans and Scrippsiella trochoidea were the dominant species in surface water. The spatial distribution of cell abundance of phytoplankton was patchy and did not agree well with that of Chl-a, as the cell abundance could not distinguish the differences in shape and size of phytoplankton cells. Nitrate and silicate behaved conservatively, but the former could probably be the limitation factor to algal biomass at offshore stations. The distribution of phosphate scattered considerably, and its relation to the phytoplankton biomass was complicated.     

内蒙古赤峰地区馒头沟铜矿地质特征及成因研究

馒头沟铜矿是近年来在内蒙古赤峰地区发现的一处砂(页)岩型铜矿,在内蒙乃至北方属首次发现。该文在区域地质背景、矿区地质及矿化特征方面对该矿进行了初步的分析研究,并讨论了其矿床类型、成矿物质来源及成因,可进一步指导馒头沟矿床的勘查和认识,且对内蒙古乃至北方晚二叠世寻找同类矿床具有一定的地质意义。     

新疆且末县布拉克铜矿床控矿特征研究

新疆且末县布拉克铜矿位于吐拉盆地西南缘,矿体呈层状产出于白垩纪红色碎屑岩建造内的浅色砂砾岩层中;矿石由石英、长石等矿物晶屑和安山岩、玄武岩、流纹岩等岩石碎屑及孔雀石、褐铁矿等金属矿物填隙物及碳酸盐、泥质物等胶结物组成.吐拉断陷盆地西南缘白垩系砂砾岩层广布,该矿床的发现及其控矿特征的研究对该地区的地质找矿具有指导意义.文...     

张马屯铁矿尾矿制砖开发应用研究

通过综合分析张马屯铁矿尾矿基本特性,对张马屯铁矿尾矿进行了铁尾矿砖生产试验研究。结果表明,利用张马屯铁矿尾矿,采用压制成型法,可以制备出MU10等级以上的建筑用砖,颜色一致性好,铁尾矿砖为灰色,抗冻性良好。认为利用尾矿制备建筑用砖是一条很好的尾矿利用途径,具有明显的经济效益和广泛的应用前景。     

The Study of the Varying Characteristics of Cathodic Regions for Defective Coating in 3.5% Sodium Chloride Solution by EIS and WBE

The current distributions over carbon steel under iron red alkyd primer exposed to 3.5% sodium chloride solution were mapped using the wire beam electrode(WBE). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) of the WBE was carried out to analyze the performance of coating delamination and corrosion behavior of carbon steel beneath defective coating. The EIS data revealed that protective capability of coating decreased with immersion time and the degree of cathodic delamination showed a rapid rise. The current density distribution of WBE indicated that cathodic sites was located at the defect at the beginning of immersion and gradually spread into the intact coating. The cathodic regions were distinguished from the anodic area and distributed over the WBE. The changes of cathodic sites could reflect the deterioration process of defective coating. The cathodic area ratio was a more useful parameter than the cathodic delamination degree to evaluate the coating cathodic delamination. The polarity reversals of electrodes at the defect and beneath coating were observed. A simple discussion of relationship between the blister and the polarity reversal was made from a standpoint of electrochemical distribution. WBE method was able to map and record the changes of local cathodic sites beneath defective coating in real time, which could provide more detailed information about the local degradation of coating.     

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菏泽市利用无人机航空摄影测量进行农村集体土地使用权确权工作的可行性研究

利用无人机对选定的试验区进行低空航空摄影测量,制作数字正射影像和数字地形图并利用野外实测的界址数据进行线性纠正,取得试验区1∶500地籍图,再通过与已有的外业实测数据进行对比和精度检核,验证在该地区利用无人机航空摄影测量进行农村集体土地使用权确权发证工作的可行性。