四川盆地海相三叠系硬石膏和盐卤水的硫同位素组成及意义

四川盆地下、中三叠统硬石膏和盐卤水广布，通过对采集于不同地段不同层位各具代表性的硬石膏、石膏和盐卤水的２４４件样品的分析，可见其同层位硫同位素组成稳定，δ３４Ｓ自下而上具阶梯状递减轻化的趋势，与已知全球海相三叠系硫同位素组成有明显差异。这种硫同位素分布规律对地层划分和对比、蒸发岩形成环境的判断、研究卤水产层和成因、掌握蒸发岩咸化发展方向及预测找钾工作等的意义不容忽视。     

四川盆地海相三叠系硫同位素组成及其地质意义

系统整理研究了四川盆地海相三叠系硬石膏和卤水的硫同位素组成,演化特点及其地质意义。这对促进四川和全球海相三叠系到盐硫同位素的研究有重要参考价值。     

黔中沉积磷灰石的硫碳同位素及其地质意义

本文研究了黔中磷块岩中磷灰石的结构硫同位素组成。磷灰石的δ３４Ｓ值为３４．２‰～４２．４‰,它高于同期海水的δ３４Ｓ（约３４．２‰）,也高于共生的成岩黄铁矿的δ３４Ｓ（１５．４‰～１９．８‰）,表明磷灰石形成于富有机质沉积物早期成岩作用硫酸盐还原带的最上部,其间同时伴有大量硫酸盐细菌的还原过程。磷灰石的碳同位素组成（δ１３Ｃ＝－３．６３‰～１．０‰）,表明它含有微生物有机质分解演化而来的ＣＯ２－３,而磷灰石比胶结白云石更富集轻同位素则反映出沉积阶段生物作用的影响比成岩阶段更为明显     

云南会泽铅锌矿田硫同位素研究

为探讨会泽铅锌矿田成矿流体总硫同位素组成、成矿温度、硫源及还原硫的形成机制,在分析前人的硫同位素数据基础上对麒麟厂矿床上部原生矿体硫化物(黄铁矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿)及麒麟厂和矿山厂矿床外围新发现的硫酸盐矿物(重晶石)进行了硫同位素研究。结果显示,原生矿体中的硫化物的δ34S变化为8.0‰~17.68‰,成矿流体中硫同位素已达分馏平衡;矿床外围的硫酸盐δ34S变化为17.95‰~24.30‰。利用共生矿物对Pinckney法,估算获得成矿流体的δ34SΣS为14.44‰,与海相硫酸盐的δ34S相近;通过同位素地质温度计,估算获得成矿温度为134~388℃;包裹体测温发现,重晶石为热液成因,暗示成矿流体中的硫可能来自矿区及矿区外围各个地层的海相硫酸盐或是矿区发现的热液重晶石。硫酸盐的还原机制应为热化学还原作用(TSR)。     

塔里木盆地库车河剖面有机碳同位素地层学及三叠系—侏罗系界线

三叠纪—侏罗纪之交发生了地史上五次最大规模之一的生物灭绝事件、中大西洋大火成岩省喷发、泛大陆进一步裂解导致的中大西洋开启以及大气CO₂浓度急剧升高等。然而该时期中国各板块主要发育陆相沉积,其三叠系—侏罗系界线（TJB）很难与定义于海相地层的全球层型剖面和点（GSSP）进行精细对比。应用基于C3植物的碳同位素地层学,进行了两次独立地、系统地以高等植物木质部为研究对象的采样和测试,获得了可以指示同期大气CO₂的δ13C演化和进行全球等时对比的碳同位素地层曲线。并在植物大化石和孢粉的生物地层约束基础上,首次完成了库车河剖面与海相三叠纪末期生物大灭绝事件（ETE）底界和TJB的精细对比;推测与全球其他剖面ETE等时的地层界线位于38层底部附近,与TJB的GSSP等时地层界线位于41层底部附近。海相与陆相的ETE和TJB层位附近均出现了δ13C负偏,指示全球性的碳同位素的波动,推论该时期发生了全球规模的、地表圈层的碳储库扰动。     

四川盆地海相三叠系——气田(卤)水和硬石膏硫同位素出现同步罕见异常

对四川盆地海相三叠系大量δ~(34)S 资料进行整理研究,发现下三叠统嘉陵江组二段的气田(卤)水和硬石膏同步出现世界罕见的δ~(34)S 值异常,前者为35.5‰～36.2‰,后者为32.5‰～35.4‰。而且三叠系各层段的δ~(34)S 值可以在全盆地范围内追踪对比;在剖面上由下而上呈现出阶梯状递减的显著特征;本研究所得的高值域层位嘉二段比国内外其他学者所研究的三叠系高值域层位要低得多。这种异常高的δ~(34)S 值是在封闭环境中,厌氧细菌对硫酸盐进行还原而产生同位素分馏作用的结果。     

中国主要类型锑矿床硫同位素组成及地球化学特征

中国主要类型锑矿床的硫同位素组成范围变化很大,锑矿床中各种矿物（辉锑矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、雄黄、方铅矿、重晶石、毒砂、辰砂、脆硫锑铅矿）的δ３４Ｓ值从－３２．７‰变化到＋３４．８‰,极差值高达６７．５‰。各类锑矿床中矿物的硫同位素组成变化各异,说明锑矿床成因较复杂,硫的来源不仅有海水中沉淀的硫酸盐硫,而且还有生物、细菌形式的还原硫和深源硫（岩浆作用、喷流作用等）,从而形成不同类型或成因复杂的锑矿床     

湘桂粤地区古环境和地层中硫化物δ~(34)S的演化关系初论

湘桂粤地区地层和自源层控矿床中硫化物δ~(34)S研究表明,硫主要来自同期海水。δ~(34)S不仅受海相硫酸盐δ~(34)S控制,而且受生物演化影响,同位素还原分馏效应增大;受海侵旋迥影响,δ~(43)S具周期性变化;受沉积古地理位置、水源、水体环境等因素制约,具区域性变化。     

马超营断裂带金矿床δ^34S特征及有关问题讨论

沿马超营断裂带分布有石英脉型手构造蚀变岩型金矿床。据硫同位素研究表明：石英脉型δ＾３４Ｓ为小正值,成矿深度大,温度高（２００￣２５０℃）;构造蚀变岩型δ＾３４Ｓ多为负值,成矿温度低（１５０℃左右）,且大气降水的参与对成矿起重要作用。本区金在热液中主要以氢硫铬合物的形式存在。     

云南建水荒田一虾洞火山岩型银多金属矿带的硫,铅同位素特征及？…

火山岩型银多金属矿床是滇东南地区的重要矿床类型、矿床中硫的δ＾３４Ｓ值分布于－６．９‰－＋７．３‰之间,并且呈波浪式分布;铅同位素组成以正常铅为主,并受异常铅的混染。硫,铅同位素具有相似的变化趋势。这些硫,铅同位素特征表明,该矿床成矿物质可能具有多种来源,除了直接来自玄武岩外,还有来自古海水硫酸盐和地层的贡献;该矿床的成因与玄武岩海底中心喷发有密切的关系。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861