新疆康萨依水库坝址区水文地质问题

康萨依坝址区地下水对普通水泥具硫酸盐型强腐蚀,本文分析了地下水中腐蚀性介质(SO2-4)的来源,预测了水库蓄水后地下水化学成份的变化,并对各水工建筑物区地下水的腐蚀性进行评价。     

新疆萨热克砂砾岩型铜矿床钻孔原生地球化学异常特征

新疆萨热克铜多金属矿床为近年来发现的砂砾岩型铜矿床。应用相关分析、聚类分析、因子分析等数学地质方法,对钻孔原生地球化学异常进行了研究,研究了成矿元素组合和垂向成矿成晕分带特征,进而对砂砾岩型铜多金属矿床的成矿成晕机理进行探讨。研究认为,成矿元素Mo、Ag与Cu表现出良好的相关性,可作为砂砾岩型铜多金属矿床的特征指示元素;成矿期热液主要以中-低温热液为主,可能存在高温热液,成矿环境为沉积成岩型,同时Fe参与了砂砾岩型铜矿床的成矿成晕作用;元素Cu、Pb、Zn主要以硫化物的形式赋存,辉绿岩可能携带了大量成矿成晕物质,成矿元素富集可能经历了复杂的后期叠加改造作用;Cu-Mo-Ag为砂砾岩型铜矿体成矿元素组合,Sb-As-Pb为砂砾岩型铅矿体成矿元素组合,Zn-Cd-Hg为砂砾岩型锌矿体成矿元素组合。Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、Mo、As、Hg、Cd、Sb元素在该区富集性强,具强分异作用,显示较强的后期改造作用,是该区的主成矿元素和伴生指示元素;钻孔原生异常垂直分带特征为上部元素组合为B-K-Cl型,成矿元素组合为Ag-Cu-Mo-Sr-As-Sb-Pb-Au-Zn-Hg-Cd型;下部元素组合可能为W,为具有显著热液叠加成矿元素组合特征,推测矿床存在多个成矿期次,深部可能存在盲矿体。     

新疆康古尔塔格金矿床的副氯铜矿发现及其地质意义

新疆康古尔塔格金矿发现的副氯铜矿,在我国尚属首次。通过X-衍射分析方法对其做了进一步的确认,通过副氯铜矿的差热分析数据,分析了副氯铜矿的形成条件,由其化学成分计算出晶体化学式。副氯铜矿的发现,进一步丰富了我国氧化带矿物学的内容,而且作为特征矿物,也可做为寻找铜铅锌等多金属硫化物矿床及金铜矿床的找矿标志。     

Development and Utilization of Potash Resources in Lop Nor,Xinjiang

正The Lop Nor saline lake in the east Tarim basin,extends115 km from the south to the north,and 90 km from the east to the west,which covers an area of 10350 km2.It is the world’s largest dry saline lake,and is also so far the largest     

新疆祁曼塔格地区发现新元古代叠层石

在新疆若羌县祁曼塔格地区的水泉子沟附近原蓟县系狼牙山组中首次发现了瘤状通古斯叠层石相似形Tungussia cf.nodosa Semikhatov和有疑问的撕裂贝加尔叠层石Baicalia lacera Semikhatov。它们多呈瘤状、柱状,其总体形态特征可与安徽淮山、辽东地区新元古代地层中分布的Tungussia cf.和Baicalia叠层石以及东昆仑加嗡门地区某些叠层石的特征相类比,相当于华北地区叠层石组合Ⅳ。测得叠层石的寄主岩石全岩Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄为815±26 Ma。根据该Sm-Nd等时线年龄和叠层石的主要特征以及其它地区相关叠层石的特征综合判断,狼牙山组的地质时代应当归属于新元古代青白口纪,是被动大陆边缘的产物;这个前寒武纪微陆块应由塔里木克拉通(?)解体而来,是Rodinia超大陆的组成部分。本区叠层石的发现及其寄主岩的定年结果,为探讨东昆仑西段的大地构造演化和成岩环境提供了新证据。     

Geology and Geochemistry of the Buerkesidai and Kuoerzhenkuola Gold Deposits in the Sawuershan Region, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Northwest China

The Sawuershan region, one of the important gold metallogenic belts of Xinjiang, is located in the western part of the Kalatongke island arc zone of north Xinjiang, NW China. There are two gold deposits in mining, namely the Kuoerzhenkuola and the Buerkesidai deposits. Gold ores at the Kuoerzhenkuola deposit occur within Carboniferous andesite and volcanic breccias in the form of gold‐bearing quartz–pyrite veins and veinlet groups containing native gold, electrum, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. Gold ores at the Buerkesidai deposit occur within Carboniferous tuffaceous siltstones in the form of gold‐bearing quartz veinlet groups and altered rocks, with electrum, pyrite and arsenopyrite as major metallic minerals. Both gold deposits are hosted by structurally controlled faults associated with intense hydrothermal alteration. The typical alteration assemblage is sericite + chlorite + calcite + quartz, with an inner pyrite–sericite zone and an outer chlorite–calcite–epidote zone between orebodies and wall rocks. δ³⁴S values (0.3–1.3‰) of pyrite of ores from Kuoerzhenkuola deposit are similar to those (0.4–2.9‰) of pyrite of ores from Buerkesidai deposit. δ³⁴S values (1.1–2.8‰) of pyrite from altered rocks are similar to δ³⁴S values of magmatic or igneous sulfide sulfur, but higher than those from ores. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb data of sulfide from ores range within 17.72–18.56, 15.34–15.61, and 37.21–38.28, respectively. These sulfur and lead isotope compositions imply that ore‐forming materials might originate from multiple, mainly deep sources. He and Ar isotope study on fluid inclusions of pyrites from ores of Kuoerzhenkuola and Buerkesidai gold deposits produces ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar and ³He/⁴He ratios in the range of 282–525 and 0.6–9.4 R/Ra, respectively, indicating a mixed source of deep‐seated magmatic water (mantle fluid) and shallower meteoric water. In terms of tectonic setting, the gold deposits in the Sawuershan region can be interpreted as epithermal. These formations resulted from a combination of protracted volcanic activity, hydrothermal fluid mixing, and a structural setting favoring gold deposition. Fluid mixing was possibly the key factor resulting in Au deposition in the gold deposits in Sawuershan region.     

新疆萨热克铜矿辉绿岩地球化学特征与动力学意义

萨热克铜矿的南矿带发育了大量的辉绿岩脉,本文针对地表和钻孔中采集的辉绿岩样品开展了岩石地球化学研究。结果显示,岩石w(Si O2)在40.36%~44.78%之间,w(TFe2O3)(全铁)和w(Ti O2)变化范围分别为7.19%~10.67%和2.28%~2.73%,呈现高钛、富碱和贫硅的演化趋势,属于高钛系列辉长(绿)岩类;稀土和微量元素具有与OIB相似的特征。萨热克辉绿岩岩石地球化学特征与托云盆地玄武岩极其相似,二者应为同源产物,形成于板内拉伸构造环境,可能与岩石圈拆沉作用有关,受控于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的远程效应。     

Iron Speciation of Mud Breccia from the Dushanzi Mud Volcano in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW China

Organic-inorganic interactions occurring in petroleum-related mud volcanoes can help predict the chemical processes that are responsible for methane emissions to the atmosphere. Seven samples of mud breccia directly ejected from one crater were collected in the Dushanzi mud volcano, along with one argillite sample of the original reddish host rocks distal from the crater, for comparison purposes. The mineral and chemical compositions as well as iron species of all samples were determined using XRD, XRF and M?ssbauer spectroscopy, respectively. The results indicate that a series of marked reactions occurred in the mud volcano systems, more specifically in the mud breccia when compared to the original rocks. Changes mainly included: (1) some conversion of clay minerals from smectite into chlorite and illite, and the precipitation of secondary carbonate minerals such as calcite and siderite; (2) silicon depletion and significant elemental enrichment of iron, manganese, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus; and (3) transformation of iron from ferric species in hematite and smectite into ferrous species in siderite, chlorite and illite. These geochemical reactions likely induced the color changes of the original reddish Neogene argillite to the gray or black mud breccia, as a result of reduction of elements and/or alteration of minerals associated with the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Our results also suggest that greenhouse gases emitted from the mud volcanoes are lowered through a series of methane oxidation reactions and carbon fixation (i.e., through carbonate precipitation).     

新疆萨热克铜矿床矿石组构特征与成因

萨热克铜矿位于新疆乌恰县境内,是我国目前最大规模的砂砾岩容矿的层状铜矿床,主要赋矿地层为上侏罗统库孜贡苏组(J3k)的砾岩及砂砾岩,具有"辉铜矿-斑铜矿-黄铜矿-黄铁矿"的矿化分带,发育完整的杂色地层组合,与典型砂岩铜矿特征相似。通过系统的野外和镜下观察,总结了该矿床矿石的组构特征,结合矿物组合、结构构造、交插关系等特征,将该矿床划分为3个成矿期次,分别为沉积成矿期、热液改造期及表生富集期,初步认为该矿床为与盆地卤水活动有关的低温热液矿床。     

新疆罗布泊富钾卤水矿床异常富集机理

罗布泊是世界上最大的单体硫酸盐型液体钾盐矿床,对于其矿床成因一直存在争议.基于大量盐泉、地下潜水及地表水的化学实测数据,从水文化学的角度探讨罗布泊富钾卤水矿床成因.结果表明,矿区富钾卤水钠氯系数为0.76～1.24,钾氯系数为38.58～60.49,主体表现为溶滤型卤水特征,指示有其他来源卤水混合参与成矿;首次在罗布泊...     

新疆煤炭资源的地质特征及其开发前景

在分析、总结新疆各含煤构造单元煤层层数、厚度和分布、聚煤特征及赋煤构造样式的基础上,对新疆地区煤炭资源的开发前景进行分析,指出准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地、伊犁盆地、塔北盆地具有广阔的煤炭资源开发前景.     

新疆明锡山地区锡矿成矿条件分析

星星峡地区是中国西部重要的成矿区带,具备极佳的成矿条件。其中明锡山矿区属星星峡金多金属成矿带,矿区内锡铜矿化主要与海西中晚期岩浆热液活动有关,锡铜矿化均赋存在绢英岩化蚀变岩内,受区域断裂旁侧发育的NE向张扭性次级断裂控制,并从岩浆岩、构造、热液蚀变、地球化学等方面探讨了找矿标志。     

新疆萨热克铜矿床绿泥石化蚀变相与构造-岩浆-古地热事件的热通量恢复

据新疆萨热克铜矿区内绿泥石化蚀变相的产状可划分为A型、B型、C型和D型4期。采用绿泥石矿物温度计和地球化学岩相学研究,认为4种绿泥石蚀变相为陆内红层盆地中紫红色铁质碎屑岩系发生褪色化蚀变机制之一。A型和B型绿泥石相为中-晚侏罗世—早白垩世构造-热事件所形成,A型自生粒间状绿泥石在侏罗系-下白垩统中总体顺层分布,形成温度在163~217℃,与辉铜矿共生且形成于埋藏-压实成岩期,热流密度为40.39~48.43 Jm-2s-1,热通量较小。B型微细脉型绿泥石化蚀变相形成于盆地流体改造期,总体沿切层裂隙和显微裂隙分布,与辉铜矿和斑铜矿等共生,形成温度为188~219℃,热流密度较大,在116.90~330.49 Jm-2s-1。斑铜矿+辉铜矿型(196~237℃)和斑铜矿型(203~226℃)铜矿石带指示了盆地流体改造富集成矿的中心部位,热流密度在330.49~878.78 Jm-2s-1,其热流密度明显较大。B型绿泥石相与碎裂岩化相和沥青化蚀变相具有多重耦合结构,形成温度越高,裂隙渗透率越高,可达30×10-6 cm2/211~227℃,推测存在热启裂隙作用。C型和D型绿泥石相为构造-岩浆-热事件所形成,C型团斑状-细脉状绿泥石化蚀变相分布在辉绿辉长岩脉群边部和外接触带含铜漂白-褪色化蚀变带中,含铜蚀变辉绿岩发生绿泥石化相蚀变温度为平均为175℃,平均热流密度321.46 Jm-2s-1,在克孜勒苏群褪色化杂砾岩中其绿泥石形成温度较高(236~238℃),热流密度高达442.86~922.63 Jm-2s-1;而D型绿泥石化蚀变相分布在碎裂岩化蚀变辉绿辉长岩脉群中,揭示遭受构造热事件的古地温在121~185℃,平均热流密度为239.59 Jm-2s-1。四种类型绿泥石蚀变相揭示萨热克铜矿区经历了异常古地场演化和古热事件。     

Gravity and magnetic field characteristics and regional ore prospecting of the Yili ancient continent,West Tianshan,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China

Gold, iron, copper, lead-zinc and other mineral exploration in West Tianshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has made remarkable progress in recent years. However, due to the dispute on the tectonic division of West Tianshan, the ore-controlling factors and the regional metallogenic laws are controversial. The authors analyze regional gravity data and notice that the high-value region corresponds to the Yili ancient continent, thus the southeastern boundary of the Yili ancient continent is delineated. Comparative analysis of gravity, aeromagnetic and geologic data reveals that the Tulasu basin, where some medium to large epithermal gold deposits locate, lies above the Yili ancient continent; the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift extends in E-W direction, numbers of copper deposits have been found in the mid-west section of the rift which lies above the Yili ancient continent, whereas few copper deposits have been discovered in the east section which is outside the Yili ancient continent. Accordingly, the Yili ancient continent may he rich in gold, copper and other metal elements; the metal-bearing hydrothermal solution moves up with the activity of magmatism, and deposits in the favorable places (the Tulasu basin and the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift), forming numerous small and medium gold, copper deposits, as well as some large and super-large gold deposits. Therefore, the tectonic-magmatic hydrothermal zone above the Yili ancient continent should be the prospective area for epithermal gold and copper polymetallic deposits.     

Statistical characteristics of the spatial distribution of wind and snow in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Natural Hazards - At present, the wind and snow loads are calculated independently when determining the design specifications for building structures. Yet, when snow drifting occurs, the basic wind...     

新疆伊犁皮里青河黄土滑坡类型及其发育特征

皮里青河流域地处新疆西北部黄土覆盖区,属于大陆性半干旱气候,春季降水与融冻作用引发大量黄土滑坡灾害,造成人员伤亡和财产损失。本文通过对该流域内黄土滑坡现场开展调查,在查明皮里青河基本环境地质条件的基础上,采用统计分析法和定性分析方法对滑坡进行分类和时空分区,将其滑坡分为黄土泥流、黄土层内滑坡、黄土基岩滑坡3类;分析滑坡分布与河流和地层的位置关系;分析滑坡发生时间规律。对滑坡的基本特征数据进行统计分析,得出区域滑坡形态、体积、主滑方向和滑坡坡度基本特征呈现出的规律。文章定性分析了滑坡的诱发因素,主要为降水作用、河流侵蚀和冻融作用。     

新疆罗布泊地区凝结水试验

采用称重法,在高含盐量的罗布泊北部凹地首次进行了凝结水的野外监测,根据监测数据分析了罗布泊地区凝结水的生成规律.研究结果表明罗布泊存在凝结水;2005年7月、10月、12月3次监测时期里日均凝结水量分别为0.293,0.127,0.275 mm;凝结水来源于空气中的水气和深部土壤水分;发生的时间基本在晚上22∶00至次日凌晨8∶00;影响凝结水产生的主要因素为近地面大气温度与地表土壤温度差、空气相对湿度、冻结期等,土壤的高含盐量也有利于凝结水的生成.     

新疆玛纳斯河山前地貌对构造活动的响应

玛纳斯河是天山北麓最大的一条河流,流域内山前地貌对构造活动有明显的响应.根据野外调查和综合分析,结果表明天山北麓在南北向的挤压作用下,在山前依次形成了3排褶皱低山丘陵和第四排正在发育的西湖隆起.冲积扇也在历次构造运动中不断向北推进,呈串珠状发育.褶皱丘陵内阶地的也发生了拱曲变形.这些特征反映了自第四纪以来,天山北麓随着天山主体在不断抬升,并且持续地由南向北推挤,使山麓范围不断地向盆地方向扩张.