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1m红外太阳望远镜光电导行系统的反馈控制分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
我国正在研制中的1m红外太阳望远镜是目前国内唯一的地平式真空太阳塔,主要用于活动区磁场的精细光谱分析和太阳活动区磁场的时空精细结构研究.要求望远镜必须长时间高精度跟踪太阳(0.3"/30s、1"/10min)才能实现它的科学目标.光电导行是实现望远镜高精度跟踪观测目标的关键控制技术,通过检测观测目标像在图像传感器上的移动量作为反馈控制信号对望远镜实行闭环控制.首先建立了光电导行系统的控制系统模型,然后分析了系统的稳定性能、暂态性能、时域特性、频域特性及跟踪性能,并采用PID控制器对系统进行优化设计,以提高光电导行反馈控制系统的稳定性和跟踪精度.通过计算机仿真设计,采用PID控制算法能实现1m红外太阳望远镜的跟踪要求. 相似文献
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云台红外太阳望远镜中光电导行系统的像场旋转 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
红外太阳望远镜中的光电导行系统是高精度的反馈跟踪系统。在开环控制下,难以实现太阳望远镜的跟踪指标,所以必须使用光电导行作为目标位置反馈系统。但是在地平式系统跟踪过程中,光电导行望远镜中的像场会旋转,如果不进行消旋,光电导行系统就不能工作,这就需要解决光电导行系统中的像场旋转。本文在理论上分析了红外望远镜中光电导行系统的像场旋转,并给出了像在CCD面上的运动变化公式。 相似文献
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红外太阳望远镜中的光电导行系统是高精度的反馈跟踪系统。在开环控制下,难以实现太阳望远镜的跟踪指标,所以必须使用光电导行作为目标位置反馈系统。但是在地平式系统跟踪过程中,光电导行望远镜中的像场会旋转,如果不进行消旋,光电导行系统就不能工作,这就需要解决光电导行系统中的像场旋转。本文在理论上分析了红外望远镜中光电导行系统的像场旋转,并给出了像在CCD面上的运动变化公式。 相似文献
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先进天基太阳天文台(Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory, ASO-S)卫星姿控分系统的主要任务是实现高精度、高稳定度对日指向控制. ASO-S卫星的科学载荷中,白光望远镜(White-light Solar Telescope, WST)前端配置了太阳导行镜(Guide Telescope, GT)稳像系统,利用正交分布光电二极管组成的边缘探测器测量导行镜光轴与太阳中心的偏差角.提出了一种将GT测量值引入姿态控制闭环的控制方法:利用星敏陀螺定姿算法获得卫星-太阳方向姿态偏差, GT测量值确定非卫星-太阳方向姿态偏差;以4斜装反作用轮组为执行机构,进行三轴零动量稳定姿态控制.通过数学仿真验证,基于GT测量值的姿态控制器在非卫星-太阳方向的绝对指向精度优于2′′、相对姿态稳定度优于1′′/60 s,满足ASO-S卫星高精度高稳定度的对日指向要求. 相似文献
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《天文研究与技术》2016,(2)
由于1 m太阳望远镜主体、光电导行及终端仪器消旋平台等的结构特点,即使光电导行系统闭环后,望远镜长时间跟踪精度仍然较低。为了解决这一问题,首先根据望远镜的结构特点分析了跟踪误差随时间变化的原因,然后通过理论和实测分析了误差的变化特点,研究了如何通过相关算法检测望远镜折轴焦点F_3焦面的高分辨率成像观测系统中的图像移动量,并平滑高频分量,分离出低频分量以反馈给望远镜定位跟踪系统,进一步提高望远镜的长时间跟踪精度。最后进行了高分辨率成像观测系统中TiO通道闭环跟踪实验,实验表明,在4小时的闭环跟踪时间内,跟踪误差的均方根值为0.52″,表明通过折轴焦点F_3成像观测系统中的图像移动量对望远镜实行闭环跟踪能够提高望远镜的长时间跟踪精度。 相似文献
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《天文研究与技术》2016,(1)
由于1 m太阳望远镜采用圆顶移开并远离望远镜的敞开式观测模式,使得望远镜跟踪系统受风的影响较大,表现为观测时图像随风出现较大幅度的低频抖动。为解决这一问题,首先根据望远镜现有的光学系统和风载影响下焦面图像抖动的特点,在氧化钛高分辨率成像通道中设计了基于二维摆镜的图像稳定系统。然后根据二维摆镜系统的实测特性,建立系统的传递函数,设计控制器。深入的数值模拟分析和实验表明,在五到六级风作用的情况下,摆镜图像稳定系统工作在25 Hz就能将1 m太阳望远镜焦面图像抖动的均方根值控制在0.5″以内,表明二维摆镜的图像稳定系统可以稳定望远镜由随机风载引起的图像抖动。 相似文献
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云南1m太阳塔真空封窗减反射膜的设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
云南1m太阳塔(YNST)[1]是一个真空结构的塔式太阳望远镜,依靠4块平板封窗玻璃把整个光学系统密封在真空系统中。封窗玻璃的引入,不仅会对太阳光有一定的吸收和反射,使来自太阳辐射的能量有一定的损失,并会形成杂散光,影响成像质量。本文讨论了这些影响。根据云南1m红外太阳塔科学指导委员会确定的工作波段的要求,设计了一种膜系设计方法,可以利用最少的膜系层数来达到需要的结果。并用一组材料进行了模拟设计实验,获得了较为理想的优化结果,在关键波长处显著减小了反射率,减少了杂散光的形成。这种设计方法很适合象太阳塔这种很宽的波段里面对一组波长有很高要求的设计任务,将大大提高光能利用率,具有重要的价值。 相似文献
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云南天文台1m红外太阳望远镜是多功能、多波段的太阳望远镜,望远镜使用过程中主镜的热变形直接关系这系统的光学精度,建立光学系统的光机热结合的分析方法,可以直观的得到热辐射对光学系统的影响结果,使得望远镜的设计阶段就能评估热变形对系统的精度影响,确定光学元件是否满足要求. 相似文献
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This article describes the considerations which led to the current optical design of the new 1.5 m solar telescope GREGOR. The result is Gregorian design with two real foci in the optical train. The telescope includes a relay optic with a pupil image used by a high order adaptive optics system (AO). The optical design is described in detail and performance characteristics are given. Finally we show some verification results which prove that – without atmospheric effects – the completed telescope reaches a diffraction limited performance (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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Bernard Gelly Claude Le Men Arturo López Ariste Cyril Delaigue Ruyman Gónzalez Perez 《Experimental Astronomy》2008,22(1-2):67-85
An image stabilizer has been inserted into the optical path of the THEMIS solar telescope. THEMIS is a Ritchey–Chretien reflector telescope using an altazimuthal mount and closely tied to its spectrograph. The optical and mechanical design, implementation and system tests are described, and emphasis is put on the complexity of situations that this stabilizer must accept, including the scanning of the solar surface while stabilizing. The current closed-loop crossover frequency of the device is 65 Hz at ??3 dB on all typical solar scenes. 相似文献
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L. Győri 《Solar physics》2010,267(2):445-461
Accurate heliographic coordinates of objects on the Sun have to be known in several fields of solar physics. One of the factors
that affect the accuracy of the measurements of the heliographic coordinates is the accuracy of the orientation of a solar
image. In this paper the well-known drift method for determining the orientation of the solar image is applied to data taken
with a solar telescope equipped with a CCD camera. The factors that influence the accuracy of the method are systematically
discussed, and the necessary corrections are determined. These factors are as follows: the trajectory of the center of the
solar disk on the CCD with the telescope drive turned off, the astronomical refraction, the change of the declination of the
Sun, and the optical distortion of the telescope. The method can be used on any solar telescope that is equipped with a CCD
camera and is capable of taking solar full-disk images. As an example to illustrate the method and its application, the orientation
of solar images taken with the Gyula heliograph is determined. As a byproduct, a new method to determine the optical distortion
of a solar telescope is proposed. 相似文献
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Küveler G. Wiehr E. Thomas D. Harzer M. Bianda M. Epple A. Sütterlin P. Weisshaar E. 《Solar physics》1998,182(1):247-255
The primary image reflected from the field stop of solar Gregory telescopes is used for automatic guiding. This new system
avoids temporal varying influences from the bending of the telescope tube by the main mirror's gravity and from offsets between
the telescope and a separate guiding refractor. The required stiffness of the guider mechanics and the small areas of the
sensors demand small f numbers for the guider optics, which cause problems with the image quality and with heat. Problems
also arise from the pinhole in the telescope's field stop which is imaged as a dark dot on the sensor. Pointing errors introduced
by the telescope affect shifts of the solar image on the sensor. These are numerically determined by Fourier methods which
are found to be less sensitive to noise than profile centering methods. Several types of guiders are tested, the final equipment,
now installed at the Gregory telescopes at Tenerife and at Locarno, is described. 相似文献
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M. Collados F. Bettonvil L. Cavaller I. Ermolli B. Gelly A. Prez H. Socas‐Navarro D. Soltau R. Volkmer the EST team 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2010,331(6):615-619
In this paper, the present status of the development of the design of the European Solar Telescope is described. The telescope is devised to have the best possible angular resolution and polarimetric performance, maximizing the throughput of the whole system. To that aim, adaptive optics and multi‐conjugate adaptive optics are integrated in the optical path. The system will have the possibility to correct for the diurnal variation of the distance to the turbulence layers, by using several deformable mirrors, conjugated at different heights. The present optical design of the telescope distributes the optical elements along the optical path in such a way that the instrumental polarization induced by the telescope is minimized and independent of the solar elevation and azimuth. This property represents a large advantage for polarimetric measurements. The ensemble of instruments that are planned is also presented (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献