新疆南天山克孜尔河沉积物碎屑锆石U‐Pb年代学研究及其地质意义

新疆克孜尔河流经南天山造山带南缘,其河流沉积物中记录了流域内地质体的重要信息。为进一步约束南天山造山带的构造演化历史,探讨该造山带古生代地壳生长与演化,对克孜尔河沉积物中的碎屑锆石进行U‐Pb定年。结果表明锆石年龄主要集中分布在460~390 Ma和310~260 Ma,少量分布在前寒武纪,暗示南天山造山带在古生代期间发生了强烈的岩浆活动。物源分析表明克孜尔河沉积物中的碎屑锆石主要源于南天山造山带和塔里木克拉通北部,年龄为460~390 Ma的碎屑锆石很可能记录了南天山洋在晚奥陶—早泥盆世期间向南俯冲到塔里木克拉通之下的弧岩浆作用。南天山洋闭合以及塔里木克拉通与伊犁—中天山地块的最终碰撞可能发生在晚石炭世,随后发生同碰撞和后碰撞岩浆作用,以样品中大量310~260 Ma的碎屑锆石为代表。结合南天山造山带内已有的古生代岩浆岩锆石的Hf同位素数据分析表明,晚奥陶—早泥盆世南天山造山带的大陆地壳演化主要以古老地壳的再造和部分新生地幔物质的加入为主,晚石炭—早二叠世该造山带地壳演化则以前寒武纪古老基底岩石的改造为主,仅有限的新生组分加入到岩浆的形成过程中。     

Detrital zircon ages and Hf isotopic compositions of metasedimentary rocks in the Wuqia area of Southwest Tianshan,NW China: implications for the early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tianshan orogenic belt

ABSTRACT

The Chinese Southwest Tianshan Orogenic Belt is located along the boundary between the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) and the Tarim Block (TB), NW China. It records the convergence of the Tarim Block and the Middle Tianshan, and is, therefore, a crucial region for understanding the Eurasia continental growth and evolution. The Wulagen (geographical name) metasedimentary rocks of the Wuqia area (mainly metamorphic sandstones and mica schists) form one of the metamorphic terranes in the Southwestern Tianshan Orogenic Belt. The geochronology of these rocks is poorly known, which hampers our understanding of the tectonic evolution of the belt. We analyzed 517 zircon grains for detrital zircon U–Pb dating and 93 zircon grains for in situ Lu–Hf isotopic compositions from the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks. The analyzed zircon grains yield Neoarchean to late Paleozoic U–Pb ages with major age peaks at ~2543 Ma, 1814 Ma, 830 Ma, 460 Ma, and the youngest cluster of zircon (magmatogene) ages is 395 Ma. The zircon U–Pb data show that the late Paleozoic (Early Devonian) is the maximum depositional age of the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks, rather than the previously considered Precambrian period. The zircons with Paleozoic ages yield εHf(t) values of ?22.0 to +11.3 and two-stage model ages (TDM₂) of 3.95 to 1.30 Ga, suggesting that the parental magmas were formed from partial melting of pre-existing crustal rocks. Our zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic data indicate the major source regions for the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks was the Kyrgyzstan North Tianshan. The zircon age population of 600–400 Ma (peak at ~460 Ma) has negative εHf(t) values (?15.0 to ?0.6) and Mesoproterozoic two-stage model ages, suggesting that the early Paleozoic magmatism resulted mainly from the melting of ancient crust, which played an important role in crustal evolution in the southern CAOB.     

The early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Russian Altai: Implications from geochemical and detrital zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic studies of meta-sedimentary complexes in the Charysh–Terekta–Ulagan–Sayan suture zone

The Charysh–Terekta–Ulagan–Sayan suture zone was regarded as a tectonic boundary separating two distinct subduction–accretion systems in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). In the north, magmatic arcs, such as the Gorny Altai terrane, formed in the southwestern periphery of the Siberian continent, whereas in the south, arc-prism systems, such as the Altai–Mongolian terrane, formed around the so-called Kazakhstan–Baikal composite continent with Gondwana affinity. When did these two systems amalgamate and whether the metamorphic complexes in the suture zone represent Precambrian micro-continental slivers are critical for our understanding of the accretionary orogenesis and crustal growth rate in the CAOB. A combined geochemical and detrital zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopic study was conducted on the meta-sedimentary rocks from the Ulagan (also referred to Bashkaus) and Teletsk Complexes in the suture zone. The results indicate that the protoliths of these rocks were dominated by immature sediments deposited in a time period between 500 and 420 Ma. Thus, Precambrian micro-continental slivers may not exist in the suture zone and even in the whole Altai Orogen.The meta-sedimentary rocks from the Ulagan Complex yield geochemical compositions between those of common intermediate and felsic igneous rocks, implying that these kinds of rocks possibly served as dominant sources. Detrital zircons from this complex consist of a major population of ca. 620–500 Ma, a subordinate one of ca. 931–671 Ma and rare grains of ca. 2899–1428 Ma. This age spectrum is compatible with the magmatic records of the western Mongolia. We propose that the Ulagan Complex possibly represents part of a subduction–accretion complex built upon an active continental margin of the western Mongolia in the early Paleozoic. The remarkable similarities in source nature, provenance, and depositional setting to the early Paleozoic meta-sedimentary rocks from the northern Altai–Mongolian terrane imply that the Ulagan Complex was possibly fragmented from this terrane.The meta-sedimentary rocks from the Teletsk Complex show similar detrital zircon populations but contain higher proportions of mafic sediments and have more depleted whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions. Our data suggest that the detritus mostly came from the same source as that for the Ulagan Complex but those from the Gorny Altai terrane also contributed. This implies that the Gorny Altai and Altai-Mongolian terranes possibly amalgamated prior to the early Devonian rather than in the middle Devonian to early Carboniferous as previously thought. Thus, the widespread Devonian to early Carboniferous magmatism within these two terranes was possibly generated in a similar tectonic setting. Moreover, the dominant Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic detrital zircons from the Teletsk Complex yield largely varied ɛ_Hf(t) values of − 23.8 to 12.4, indicating that crustal growth and reworking are both important in the accretionary orogenesis.     

Provenance of the early to mid-Paleozoic sediments in the northern Alxa area: Implications for tectonic evolution of the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

The continental fragments in Northwest China are key to revealing the tectonic and crustal evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). However, their tectonic correlation, affinity and implications have not been well defined. The early to mid-Paleozoic sediments in the northern Alxa area can help to understand this question. These sediments were deposited in a deep to shallow marine environment during a regression. The southeast paleocurrent attributes their provenance to the northwest. Detrital zircons from the collected sandstones record peak ages of approximately 1726 Ma, 1462 Ma, 915 Ma and 438 Ma. The zircon ε_Hf(t) values are negative to positive at 1726 Ma, 915 Ma and 438 Ma, but only positive at 1462 Ma. The detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes suggest the provenance to be the blocks in Central Tianshan and Southern Beishan or their analogs, rather than the Tarim Craton. The source blocks show no tectonic affinity to the Tarim Craton but might be accreted to it in the Neoproterozoic Rodinia. The provenance analyses show tectonic correlation among the northern Alxa, Tianshan and Beishan orogenic belts. The Late Devonian molasse deposits, geochemical shifting to continental margins and suddenly increased early Paleozoic zircons indicate an arc-continent collision. The discovery of more indicators for continental fragments advocates a multiterrane model and dominant crustal reworking/contamination for the tectonocrustal evolution of the CAOB at least during the early to mid-Paleozoic.     

阿尔泰递增变质带中夹层石英岩的LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄:对沉积时限及物源的限定

阿尔泰造山带广泛分布各种变质沉积岩并发育典型递增变质带,变质沉积岩变质之前的沉积时代与物源特征对于限定成岩历史以及造山带演化具有重要意义。文章对采自阿勒泰组变质带中石英岩夹层样品进行了岩相学分析并采用LA-ICP-MS方法对其碎屑锆石进行了U-Pb年代学分析。共获得100个谐和或近于谐和的碎屑锆石年龄,表面年龄分布范围为(443±5)Ma至(2682±19)Ma。碎屑锆石年龄主要集中在寒武纪(486~540 Ma)并具有527~535 Ma的年龄峰值,可能源于区域内同时代的岩浆活动。新元古代年龄约占1/4,少量锆石具有古中元古代甚至太古宙年龄。结合年轻碎屑锆石年龄以及直接侵入该变质带中的英云闪长岩年龄可确定石英岩原岩的沉积时限为早志留世—早泥盆世,其后发生变质作用。古老碎屑锆石在该地区缺乏对应的岩石,可能源于区内隐伏的古老基底岩石或邻区古老陆块。     

库鲁克塔格下古生界土什布拉克组形成时代及源区：碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

库鲁克塔格地区是土什布拉克组的命名地和典型剖面分布区,主要由灰绿色砂岩及粉砂岩组成。运用LA-ICP-MS U-Pb方法,对土什布拉克组3件砂岩碎屑锆石进行U-Pb年龄测定,共获得了183组U-Pb有效年龄,既限定了地层的最早形成时代,同时又获取研究区早古生代的演化资料。获得14个较年轻锆石年龄表明,土什布拉克组形成于中—晚志留世。碎屑锆石的谐和年龄表明,物源主要集中在422～537 Ma、559～999 Ma、1018～1574Ma和1604～2498Ma。碎屑锆石年龄394～537Ma和CL图像揭示,在早古生代时期发育大量岩浆岩,但目前地表仅有少量的岩浆岩记录。研究区新元古代的岩浆锆石年龄值,可能与罗迪尼亚超大陆的聚合-裂解有关。碎屑锆石也表明研究区发育区域变质作用,部分与哥伦比亚超大陆有关。     

The tectonic evolution of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt: Evidence from U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Chinese southwestern Tianshan accretionary mélange

The Tianshan Orogenic Belt, which is located in the southwestern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), is an important component in the reconstruction of the tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In order to examine the evolution of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt, we performed detrital zircon U–Pb dating analyses of sediments from the accretionary mélange from Chinese southwestern Tianshan in this study. A total of 542 analyzed spots on 541 zircon grains from five samples yield Paleoarchean to Devonian ages. The major age groups are 2520–2400 Ma, 1890–1600 Ma, 1168–651 Ma, and 490–390 Ma. Provenance analysis indicates that, the Precambrian detrital zircons were probably mainly derived from the paleo-Kazakhstan continent formed before the Early Silurian by amalgamation of the Kazakhstan–Yili microplate, the Chinese central Tianshan terrane and the Kyrgyz North and Middle Tianshan blocks, while detrital zircons with Paleozoic ages mainly from igneous rocks of the continental arc generated by the northward subduction of the south Tianshan paleocean. The age data correspond to four tectono-thermal events that took place in these small blocks, i.e., the continental nucleus growth during the Late Neoarchean–early Paleoproterozoic (~ 2.5 Ga), the evolution of the supercontinents Columbia (2.1–1.6 Ga) and Rodinia (1.3–0.57 Ga), and the arc magmatism related with the Phanerozoic orogeny. The Precambrian zircons show a similar age pattern as the Tarim and the Cathaysia cratons and the Eastern India–Eastern Antarctica block but differ from those of Siberia distinctly. Therefore, the Tianshan region blocks and the Kazakhstan–Yili microplate have a close affinity to the eastern paleo-Gondwana fragments, but were not derived from the Siberia craton as proposed by some previous researchers. These blocks were likely generated by rifting accompanying Rodinia break-up in late Precambrian times.The youngest ages of the detrital zircons from the subduction mélange show a maximum depositional age of ca. 390 Ma. It is coeval with the end of an earlier arc magmatic pulse (440–390 Ma) but a bit older than a younger one at 360–320 Ma and nearly 70–80 Ma older than the HP–UHP metamorphism in the subduction zone (320–310 Ma).     

U-Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions of detrital zircons from the sandstone in the early cretaceous Wawukuang formation in the Jiaolai Basin,Shandong Province and its tectonic implicationsEI北大核心CSCD

LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and in situ Hf isotope analysis were carried out for the detrital zircons to constrain the depositional age and provenance of the Wawukuang Formation, which is believed as the earliest unit of the Laiyang Group in the Jiaolai Basin, and its implications. Most of these detrital zircons from the feldspar quartz sandstone in the Wawukuang Formation are magmatic in origin, which are euhedral-subhedral and display oscillatory zoning in CL images; whereas few Late Triassic detrital zircons are metamorphic in origin and structureless in CL images. U-Pb isotopic dating of 82 zircon grains yields age populations at ca. 129 Ma, 158 Ma, 224 Ma, 253 Ma, 461 Ma, 724 Ma, 1851 Ma and 2456 Ma. U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic results indicate that: 1) the Wawukuang Formation deposited during the Early Cretaceous (129-106 Ma); 2) the detrital zircons with the ages of 1851 Ma and 2456 Ma mainly sourced from the Precambrian basement rocks of the North China Craton; the Neoproterozoic (729-721 Ma) magmatic zircons and the Late Triassic (226-216 Ma) metamorphic zircons sourced from the Su-Lu terrane; The Late Paleozoic detrital zircons could source from the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the northern margin of the North China Craton; the Late Triassic (231-223 Ma) magmatic zircons and the 158-129 Ma zircons sourced from the coeval igneous rocks in the Jiaobei and Jiaodong; 3) the deposition age and provenance of the Jiaolai Basin are different from those of the Hefei Basin; 4) the recognition of clastic sediments from the Su-Lu terrane in the Wawukuang Formation suggests that the Su-Lu terrane was under denudation in the Early Cretaceous. ©, 2015, Science Press. All right reserved.     

塔里木盆地塔中志留系柯坪塔格组物源示踪:碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

目前对塔中志留系物源的认识仍存在不确定性.利用LA-ICP-MS分析技术对塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组2件样品开展碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果表明塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要为岩浆结晶成因,锆石年龄主要分布在早古生代460~490 Ma、新元古代760~1 000 Ma、古元古代1 600~2 200 Ma及新太古代晚期-古元古代早期2 400~2 600 Ma四个时期,其中新元古代760~1 000 Ma碎屑锆石年龄占绝对优势（56.8%）,峰值~850 Ma.结合志留纪时期塔里木板块南北缘的板块动力学背景,通过盆内构造演化及地貌特征的分析以及和潜在源区锆石年龄的详细对比,确定塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要来源于塔里木盆地西南缘的铁克里克隆起构造带.      

中亚造山带中段南缘圆包山组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄、物源及其构造演化意义

取自圆包山组砂岩样品中的碎屑锆石作LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,获得两个数据年龄区间:409~431Ma(峰值420Ma)和458~488Ma(峰值488Ma)。圆包山组底部发育的笔石化石和420Ma的锆石峰值年龄将圆包山组的时代限定为早志留世后,通过与兴蒙造山带的构造演化对比,认为圆包山组时代为早志留世至早泥盆世。对圆包山组中发育的沉积构造进行古流向分析,认为圆包山组物源区位于杭乌拉北西方向。结合区域岩浆演化资料分析,圆包山组物源区为呼和套尔盖地区。在圆包山组中还检测到继承锆石,新元古代分布于559~952Ma,中元古代分布于1011~1460Ma,古元古代分布于1629~2490Ma。从前人对西伯利亚板块南部、塔里木板块以及南蒙古微板块的相关锆石年龄结果总结发现,华北板块与周围板块最主要的区别在于没有或者很少有中元古代晚期至新元古代早期的锆石年龄记录,阿拉善地块也缺少1.0~1.2Ga锆石年龄记录。综上,认为研究区在古生代构造位置属于南蒙古微板块南部的一部分,元古代物源来自塔里木板块。另外由碎屑锆石年龄在地层中分布特征来看,研究区在早泥盆世后隆升作用明显,构造活动性增强,受到塔里木板块影响逐渐加强。     

塔里木盆地北部志留系碎屑锆石测年及其地质意义

志留系是塔里木盆地第一套砂岩储层广泛分布的沉积盖层,其沉积来源与成因对志留纪构造演化及周边造山带的研究具有重要意义。塔里木盆地北部地区2个志留系代表性样品的碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究表明,志留系具有比较集中的三期物源年龄:中元古代早期1500～1600Ma、新元古代早期750～900Ma、奥陶纪450～500Ma。碎屑锆石定龄表明东部地区志留系物源主要来自阿尔金地区奥陶纪火成岩,而西部塔北地区志留系物源主要来自北部古隆起前寒武纪基底。前寒武纪锆石年龄揭示塔里木板块在新元古代时期与Rodinia超大陆具有相似的聚合与裂解演化史,塔里木北部地区在中元古代存在与Columbia超大陆裂解时间一致的构造-热事件。     

新疆西南天山阿万达金矿区赋矿围岩物源及形成时代:碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学制约

阿万达金矿位于西南天山造山带内。此次研究在简要总结其矿床地质特征基础上,对与阿万达金矿成矿密切相关的阿克苏群中硅质片岩围岩分别进行了岩石地球化学分析和LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb定年研究,以期对围岩的沉积环境、物源及形成时代进行讨论。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,阿万达金矿赋矿围岩中硅质片岩的原岩可能为一套成熟度较低的泥岩或砂岩,物源主要为石英岩质沉积物,沉积环境可能处于活动大陆弧内的沉积盆地内。U-Pb定年结果显示,其碎屑锆石定年数据主要形成了加权平均年龄值为405 Ma或406 Ma的年龄峰,其谐和年龄最小峰值即405 Ma可以作为其最大沉积年龄。因此笔者认为阿克苏群中硅质片岩的沉积时代并不是前人所定的长城纪,而是不老于早泥盆世。另外,这一地层的物源组成具有多样性,～405 Ma碎屑锆石占主体,可能与哈尔克山北缘火山弧内的早泥盆世岩浆活动有关;～745Ma的碎屑锆石的出现,表明其物源有少部分来自新元古代岩石;极少数～2.50 Ga的碎屑锆石的出现,反映了华北地台对本地层有物源上的贡献。     

胶莱盆地蛇窝泊地区白垩纪林寺山组沉积时代与物源特征:来自碎屑锆石U-Pb测年与稀土元素组成的新证据

林寺山组是胶莱盆地莱阳群底部重要的地层单元之一.准确限定其沉积时代与物源性质对于客观重建华北陆块东部晚中生代大地构造格局以及周缘造山带/前寒武纪变质基底晚中生代的折返过程具有重要的制约作用.以莱阳盆地蛇窝泊地区莱阳群林寺山组细砾岩为研究对象,对其开展了野外地质调查、岩相学观察、锆石U-Pb测年与锆石稀土元素分析等综合研究,并获得了如下初步认识.（1）林寺山组细砾岩中最小一组碎屑锆石加权平均年龄分别为129±1 Ma与127±5 Ma,结合区域上不整合于莱阳群之上青山群火山岩锆石谐和年龄为119±1 Ma,推测蛇窝泊地区林寺山组沉积时代介于127~119 Ma.（2）蛇窝泊地区林寺山组细砾岩的碎屑锆石年龄变化于2 858~126 Ma之间,并以新太古代晚期与白垩纪早期碎屑锆石为主.前古元古代的碎屑锆石主要来源于胶北前寒武纪变质岩,表明胶北太古宙-古元古代变质岩至少在白垩纪早期已折返至近地表.（3）160~120 Ma岩浆型碎屑锆石主要来源于胶东同时代的中酸性侵入体,暗示在白垩纪早期至少部分160~120 Ma中酸性侵入体已抬升至地表.（4）林寺山组发育少量的二叠纪（280 Ma）和印支期（213 Ma）变质锆石,表明胶东地区可能存在二叠纪约280 Ma区域变质-变形事件,同时暗示早白垩世苏鲁超高压变质岩已经折返到地表.      

佳木斯地块北部早古生代沉积建造的时代与物源:来自岩浆和碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的制约

本文对出露于佳木斯地块北部金银库组变沉积岩和侵入其中的火成岩脉体中的锆石进行了系统的LA-ICP-MS/SIMS U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究,旨在限定金银库组的沉积时限,并揭示其物源及沉积环境。3个样品中锆石呈自形-半自形,显示典型的岩浆生长环带或条痕状吸收,暗示其岩浆成因。研究结果显示:采自金银库组绢云母片岩中的碎屑锆石72个分析点给出1 955~457 Ma的年龄区间,主要峰期年龄为814、757、568、491和463 Ma,其ε_Hf（t）值为-13.9~-0.1,Hf同位素一阶段模式年龄T_DM1和二阶段模式年龄T_DM2分别为1 827~1 307 Ma和2 411~1 715 Ma。采自侵入金银库组的花岗细晶岩和辉绿岩分别给出了263和267 Ma的结晶年龄,前者的ε_Hf（t）值为0.9~2.0,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄T_DM2为1 110~1 047 Ma;后者的ε_Hf（t）值为-7.7~6.4,Hf同位素一阶段模式年龄T_DM1为1 206~662 Ma。结合佳木斯地块及邻区约430 Ma火成岩的存在和金银库组中该期碎屑锆石的缺乏以及碎屑锆石年龄众数及其Hf同位素组成,我们认为金银库组的形成时代应为晚奥陶世至早志留世（463~430 Ma）,形成于被动大陆边缘背景,沉积物源主要来自佳木斯地块及其邻区的古元古代和早古生代早期火成岩。     

湘东南中泥盆统石英砂砾岩物源分析及其大地构造意义

早古生代江南隆起的形成与剥蚀作用可以用来制约华南广西期造山作用及其动力学机制.通过对江南隆起南侧湘东南南湾地区中泥盆统跳马涧组石英砂砾岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石微量元素地球化学以及全岩地球化学的分析,讨论了其物源及其大地构造意义.4件样品的270颗有效碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱由430~440 Ma主峰与800~1 100 Ma、1 700~2 000 Ma和2 400~2 600 Ma次峰组成.锆石CL图像、Th/U比值以及稀土元素配分图指示碎屑锆石以岩浆锆石为主,仅有少量变质锆石和热液锆石.矿物形态、组成以及成熟度指示其源区为近源,沉积于滨海环境.综合源区分析表明,湘东南中泥盆统跳马涧组石英砂砾岩的物源来自其北侧的江南隆起.江南隆起形成于广西期陆内造山作用.早古生代岩浆锆石的微量元素地球化学特征表明其为大陆型锆石,形成于大陆弧构造环境.结合区域地质特征,华南广西期造山作用是其南侧大洋俯冲作用的产物,与冈瓦纳大陆的聚合有关.      

锆石U-Pb定年对大兴安岭东北部“兴华渡口群”形成时代和组成的约束

兴华渡口群等大兴安岭北部前寒武纪变质岩系的组成和演化对于确定额尔古纳和兴安地块的构造属性具有重要意义,是近年大兴安岭北部基础地质研究的热点之一。本次工作通过对黑河北部石灰窑—明智山一带的兴华渡口群二云石英片岩和"混合岩"进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年发现该变质岩系并非前寒武纪变质岩,而是由早古生代碎屑沉积岩(或变质岩)和晚古生代岩浆岩经后期构造岩浆作用改造而形成的构造杂岩。其中二云石英片岩中具有岩浆成因特征的碎屑锆石核部年龄主要存在401~427 Ma、442~448 Ma、473~517 Ma、639~714 Ma、757~818Ma、896~933 Ma和1704~1751 Ma 7个年龄组,其中473~517 Ma段碎屑锆石的峰最明显,与早古生代多宝山组岛弧火山岩等早古生代岩浆作用形成时间相一致,其他年龄组亦在区域上其他地区有报道,这表明该变质岩的原岩物源来源较广泛,不仅有元古宙岩浆岩和变质岩系,还有大量的早古生代岩浆岩,因此其原岩形成时代不应是前寒武纪,而是早古生代。根据碎屑锆石最小峰值年龄,本次工作推断该二云石英片岩原岩的最大沉积年龄应不早于416Ma,另外大量的元古宙碎屑锆石表明区域上可能存在前寒武纪变质基底。对所谓混合岩的调查发现其应为发生动力变质的糜棱岩化二长花岗岩,其中岩浆锆石(304.5±3.1)Ma的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄反映花岗岩形成于晚石炭世晚期,该期花岗岩为晚古生代兴安地块东缘花岗岩带的一部分。     

内蒙古西拉木伦河两岸志留-泥盆系碎屑锆石年龄及其构造意义

为了通过碎屑岩的物源对比讨论古亚洲洋的闭合过程,笔者选择西拉木伦河北侧林西双井子地区和南侧奈曼旗下石碑地区的志留纪地层进行碎屑岩锆石U-Pb年代学研究。北侧样品LX0831-11为粉砂质板岩,采于西拉木伦河北岸上志留统杏树洼组。碎屑锆石年龄分为三组:385~531Ma(N=52)、872~1097Ma(N=11)、1344~1901Ma(N=11),碎屑锆石的最小年龄限定地层沉积下限为中-晚泥盆世。南侧样品130417-06为石英岩屑砂岩,采于奈曼旗下石碑组顶部砂岩中。碎屑锆石年龄分为四组:370~523Ma(N=34)、884~1481Ma(N=21)、1573~1900Ma(N=6)、2369~2588Ma(N=8),碎屑锆石的最小年龄限定地层沉积下限为晚泥盆世。这两个分别来自西拉木伦河南、北两侧原志留纪样品,显示一致的志留-泥盆纪及晚元古代碎屑锆石年龄谱,表明两者从泥盆纪开始即具有相同的沉积物源;而代表兴蒙造山带的元古代碎屑锆石在奈曼旗地区的出现,说明泥盆纪以来兴蒙造山带的剥蚀物已到达华北板块北缘。因此,本次碎屑锆石年代学研究暗示华北板块与其北部松辽地块在中-晚泥盆世之前已经完成拼合过程,即此时两者间已不存在古亚洲洋。     

构造活动区特征源汇体系及古地理重建:以塔里木块体北缘记录“泛非”事件的碎屑锆石分析为例*

完整认识盆山沉积系统,这是古地理重建研究的必然趋势,其中从构造稳定区到构造活动区的特征源汇体系解析是重要环节。塔里木块体北缘活动区存在与“泛非”造山事件有关的岩浆和变质记录,但与这一特征构造-热事件有关的碎屑沉积记录以往在塔里木块体北缘及邻区却鲜有报道。主要针对塔里木块体北缘泥盆纪-石炭纪砂岩样品,文中开展了碎屑锆石原位地质年代学分析,结果表明下石炭统野云沟组砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄以新元古代中-晚期为主体,与“泛非”造山事件的持续时间较为一致,且此类沉积记录在该地区也是首次大量发现。相应的碎屑锆石的ε_Hf(t)值几乎全为负值,是古老陆壳熔融的产物。而野云沟组之下和之上的砂岩碎屑锆石均无“泛非”造山事件的明显信息。研究认为,泥盆纪南天山洋向南俯冲,导致塔里木块体北缘发育岛弧体系;至早石炭世维宪早期南天山洋盆闭合,相关块体拼贴-碰撞作用致使该区构造古地理转变,与“泛非”造山作用有关的结晶基底隆升和剥露,并成为野云沟组主要物源。晚石炭世随海平面上升和沉积超覆,塔里木块体北缘与“泛非”造山事件有关的结晶基底剥露终止。综合对比区域碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学数据发现,研究区其他显生宙地层中(除上奥统桑塔木组外)均未记录到明显的与“泛非”造山事件物源相关的碎屑沉积,可能说明现存的塔里木块体受“泛非”造山构造-热事件影响的范围有限,另一方面也说明相关基底岩石的剥露主要出现在早石炭世以及晚奥陶世。这些信息的揭示对于认识塔里木块体北部古生代古地貌、碎屑源汇体系与构造古地理具有重要意义。     

Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Ages and Geochemistry of the Silurian to Permian Sedimentary Rocks in Central Inner Mongolia,China: Implications for Closure of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean

The Solonker suture zone has long been considered to mark the location of the final disappearance of the PaleoAsian Ocean in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB). However, the time of final suturing is still controversial with two main different proposals of late Permian to early Triassic, and late Devonian. This study reports integrated wholerock geochemistry and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of sedimentary rocks from the Silurian Xuniwusu Formation, the Devonian Xilingol Complex and the Permian Zhesi Formation in the Hegenshan-Xilinhot-Linxi area in central Inner Mongolia, China. The depositional environment, provenance and tectonic setting of the Silurian-Devonian and the Permian sediments are compared to constrain the tectonic evolution of the Solonker suture zone and its neighboring zones. The protoliths of the silty slates from the Xuniwusu Formation in the Baolidao zone belong to wacke and were derived from felsic igneous rocks with steady-state weathering, poor sorting and compositional immaturity. The protoliths of metasedimentary rocks from the Xilingol Complex were wackes and litharenites and were sourced from predominantly felsic igneous rocks with variable weathering conditions and moderate sorting. The Xuniwusu Formation and Xilingol Complex samples both have two groups of detrital zircon that peak at ca. 0.9–1.0 Ga and ca. 420–440 Ma, with maximum deposition ages of late Silurian and middle Devonian age, respectively. Considering the ca. 484–383 Ma volcanic arc in the Baolidao zone, the Xuxiniwu Formation represents an oceanic trench sediment and is covered by the sedimentary rocks in the Xilingol Complex that represents a continental slope sediment in front of the arc. The middle Permian Zhesi Formation metasandstones were derived from predominantly felsic igneous rocks and are texturally immature with very low degrees of rounding and sorting, indicating short transport and rapid burial. The Zhesi Formation in the Hegenshan zone has a main zircon age peak of 302 Ma and a subordinate peak of 423 Ma and was deposited in a back-arc basin with an early marine transgression during extension and a late marine regression during contraction. The formation also crops out locally in the Baolidao zone with a main zircon age peak of 467 Ma and a minor peak of 359 Ma, and suggests it formed as a marine transgression sedimentary sequence in a restricted extensional basin and followed by a marine regressive event. Two obvious zircon age peaks of 444 Ma and 280 Ma in the Solonker zone and 435 Ma and 274 Ma in Ondor Sum are retrieved from the Zhesi Formation. This suggests as a result of the gradual closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean a narrow ocean sedimentary environment with marine regressive sedimentary sequences occupied the Solonker and Ondor Sum zones during the middle Permian. A restricted ocean is suggested by the Permian strata in the Bainaimiao zone. Early Paleozoic subduction until ca. 381 Ma and renewed subduction during ca. 310–254 Ma accompanied by the opening and closure of a back-arc basin during ca. 298–269 Ma occurred in the northern accretionary zone. In contrast, the southern accretionary zone documented early Paleozoic subduction until ca. 400 Ma and a renewed subduction during ca. 298–246 Ma. The final closure of the Paleo-Asian ocean therefore lasted at least until the early Triassic and ended with the formation of the Solonker suture zone.     

中亚造山带北山下—中二叠统物源分析及古地理意义

甘蒙北山地区位于中亚造山带中段南端,该区广泛出露的海相二叠系是中亚造山带最年轻的海相沉积之一,是解析古亚洲洋晚期演化的理想载体。然而,北山地区的物源学数据分布不均衡、缺少统计对比,直接限制了学界对古亚洲洋古地理结构的探讨。本文在贯穿北山地区中部至南部的8条剖面中获得了681个碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄和192个Hf同位素数据;在等时地层对比的基础上,统计计算了北山地区已发表的下—中二叠统碎屑锆石数据,重建了区域古地理面貌。早—中二叠世,红石山洋向南俯冲至旱山地块之下,形成了黑鹰山弧和弧后裂谷盆地。该盆地北侧的物源分别来自于旱山地块的前寒武纪基底(926～775 Ma)和奥陶纪—志留纪岩体(485～421 Ma),而南侧的物源主要来自于马鬃山隆起。马鬃山隆起是早古生代红柳河—洗肠井洋闭合的产物,主要由奥陶纪—泥盆纪岩体(470～367 Ma)组成,包括早古生代马鬃山岛弧和双鹰山地块的大部分地区。北山南部发育柳园裂谷盆地,盆地南北两侧的碎屑物质分别主要来自于石炭纪—二叠纪火山岩(322～270 Ma)和马鬃山隆起的早古生代岩体,这两种碎屑物质在盆地中心交汇。本文古地理重建结果表明：红石山洋可代表...