共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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日本海洋调查协会在1999年~2000年召开了两次会议,座谈最近海洋调查应用新技术的方向。其中主要有: (1)利用GPS定位精度的提高,使得海洋调查测量简易化。 (2)多波束系统和ADCP、声学层析系统等与海洋有关的新技术进入海洋调查。 (3)GIS与Internet等信息技术(IT)的飞速发展。 (4)增加民众参与和向民众说明的必要性。 相似文献
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G. I. Marchuk B. E. Paton G. K. Korotaev V. B. Zalesny 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2013,49(6):579-591
An analysis is given of the methods of operational oceanography based on measurements derived from satellite data, observations acquired by drifters and passing vessels, and modern simulations of marine and oceanic circulations. In addition, a historical review is conducted of the previous and current research in this field carried out in the Soviet Union, Ukraine, and Russia. A discussion is given of the principles underlying the design of an effective data-computing system (DCS) for solving the problems of operational oceanography and the implementation of the prototype system for the Black Sea within the joint research project of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) “The Black Sea as an Ocean Simulation Model.” The effectiveness of applying the multicomponent splitting method in the construction of sea circulation models and specialized DCSs with integrated algorithms of variational assimilation of observational data is estimated. The concept of using the Black Sea as a testing site for innovations is developed. The underlying idea of the concept is the similarity of the Black Sea dynamics with processes in the oceans. The numerical Black Sea circulation models used in the project are described, their development areas are discussed, and the requirements to a Black Sea observing system are defined. 相似文献
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渤海是我国的内海,由于其独特的地理环境特点及渤海沿岸地区经济社会的快速发展导致的污染排放和生态破坏,渤海已成为我国污染最为严重的海区之一。“十五”期间虽然各级部门为渤海环境治理做出了大量努力,但渤海环境状况仍在进一步恶化。如污染总面积虽无明显的增大趋势,但近岸海域的污染程度显著加重;从赤潮发生情况来看,虽然近年来赤潮年发生次数在逐渐减少,但赤潮面积总体上呈增大趋势,而且有毒藻类引发的赤潮次数和面积大幅增加;从渤海的主要富营养化物质变化来看,近年来渤海近岸海域其浓度呈加速增大趋势;从污染源变化来看,海上污染源的增速明显高于陆源。 相似文献
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利用特殊的磁富集传代法获得高磁性和无磁性AMB-1菌株.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察和Cmag值测定,对这两种菌株进行了验证.优选了条件,使高磁性AMB-1菌株在培养192 h后出现自溶现象,磁小体从细胞内释放出来. 相似文献
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This paper provides analysis and substantiation of scientific efficiency of diving and laboratory hyperbaric methods and technologies for oceanologic research. 相似文献
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国内外近海环境自动监测技术发展动态 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
海洋开发和可持续利用对近海环境自动监测技术提出了一系列的新要求。在这种需求的拉动促进下,90年代国外近海环境自动监测技术获得了长足的进步,特别在海洋动力要素同步观测方面、悬浮泥沙综合测最方面、海洋污染连续监测方面,都取得了一些令人瞩目的新进展。我国科技人员在“863”计划中,也丌展了一系列的近海环境自动监测技术研究工作,显著地缩小了我国在这方面与世界先进水平的差距。 相似文献
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当今世界海洋,特别是国际海底区域的竞争,其实质是资源的竞争,是海洋高技术实力的竞争!我国科学家经过多年的拼搏,已经取得了一批一流的海洋探查技术成果。 1 发展海洋探查技术时不我待 按照《联合国海洋法公约》的有关规定,我国拥有约300万平方公里的管辖海域,相当于大陆面积的1/3。我国管辖海域海底蕴减着丰富的资源。调查资料表明,我国海域陆架区石油资源量260亿~300亿吨,天然气资源节8×10~4~10×10~4亿立方米。 相似文献
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海洋大气化学是一门海洋化学与大气化学交叉的新兴学科,是研究海洋大气中化学物种(Chemical Species)含量、迁移变化、来源辨别及海气交换通量,以及预估人为和自然影响对全球气候变化和区域海洋生态系统影响的科学。海洋大气化学的进步也得益于海-气系统观测体系建设及其工程技术的创新,其中包括对微量要素的测量、复杂形态的辨别和原位探测等技术的突破。我国的海洋大气化学研究起步于20世纪80年代,通过中国沿海观察站、近海和大洋走航线和断面站以及南北极建立考察站等的立体观测平台,针对海洋大气化学关键过程即大气-海洋生物地球化学循环,开展碳、氮、硫、磷、铁等的迁移变化及其海气通量的观测。在碳、氮的海-气循环及海洋酸化机制,硫的海-气交换的气粒转化及气候效应等研究领域,取得了一批新的认知和引起国际学界关注的成果,促进了学科进步,建成了一个从近岸、大洋到极区的立体观测体系。 相似文献
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1 IntroductionThe21stcenturyistheocean century. Thegreatvolum e ofmulti-source data in oceanography ischal-lenging to the storage, m anagem ent, m aintenance,quick access,intelligentanalysis,visualization and au-to-m apping ofthe m arine inform ation. Asa… 相似文献
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Bacteria and diatoms exist in sessile communities and develop as biofilm on all surfaces in aqueous environments. The interaction between these microorganisms in biofilm was investigated with a bacterial genus Pseudoalteromonas sp. (strain 3J6) and two benthic diatoms Amphora coffeaeformis and Cylindrotheca closterium. Each biofilm was grown for 22 days. Images from the confocal microscopy show a difference of adhesion between Pseudoalteromonas 3J6 and diatoms. Indeed, a stronger adhesion is found with C. closterium suggesting cohabitation between Pseudoalteromonas 3J6 and C. closterium compared at an adaptation for bacteria and A. coffeaeformis. The cellular attachment and the growth evolution in biofilm formation depend on each species of diatoms in the biofilm. Behaviour of microalgae in presence of bacteria demonstrates the complexity of the marine biofilm. 相似文献
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海洋测绘数据信息化是构建智慧海洋的基础, 而海底地形数据是海洋测绘数据中的重要内容。为更加便捷和高效地 管理与利用地形数据, 本文结合工程实际需求, 研发了海底地形数据管理平台。首先, 基于海底地形数据的特点, 提出多分 辨率海底地形组织模型, 对不规则区域的海底地形进行多分辨率模型构建, 实现了对多波束实测数据的组织管理; 在此基础 上, 提出了多尺度海底地形分级渲染优化算法与海底地形数据空间截取算法, 利用分级渲染与数据裁剪算法实现对海底地形 数据的可视化表达预览和选取服务; 最后, 以典型的多波束测深数据为例, 基于研发平台完成了数据从存储 、组织管理到可 视化预览选取的一体化管理与服务, 验证了本文算法的可靠性与实用性, 同时可为海底地形数据管理服务提供一定参考。 相似文献
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海底冷泉泄漏是全球碳循环过程中重要的一环,该系统分布的广泛性、机制的复杂性、与水合物资源的关联性及相关科学问题的重要性,使之成为海洋科学调查和研究的前沿领域.本研究评述了冷泉泄漏活动涉及到的几个碳循环问题,包括作为甲烷厌氧氧化反应(AOM)产物的碳酸盐在碳循环中的地位、大陆坡深源碳在冷泉泄漏中的贡献以及冷泉泄漏与金属矿产资源的关系等,藉此加深人们对该系统的理解.同时,本研究还介绍了在当前关于碳循环研究过程中,对海底冷泉探测常用的几种重要方法,包括以多波束探测气泡羽流,以坐底式探测器对冷泉泄漏活动进行原位、实时、持续地观测以及一系列近期开展的海底观测网计划.最后讨论了该领域未来发展的趋势及相关的重点问题,以期给相关研究提供一些有益的参考. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
The abatement potential of wind technologies on ships is estimated to be around 10–60% by various sources. To date there has been minimal uptake of this promising technology, despite a number of commercially available solutions that have been developed to harness this free and abundant energy source. Several barriers have been referred to in the literature that inhibit uptake of energy efficiency measures in shipping. This paper provides a systematic analysis of the viability of wind technology on ships and the barriers to their implementation, both from the perspective of the technology providers and technology users (ship owner–operators), using the survey and the deliberative workshop method. The data generated from these methods is analysed using the qualitative content analysis method. The results show that whilst there is renewed interest in wind power, there are several common economic barriers that are hindering the mass uptake of wind technologies. Our analysis shows that third party capital is a plausible solution to overcoming the cost of capital, split incentives and information barriers that have contributed to inhibiting the uptake of wind technology in the shipping industry. 相似文献